فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی اکسیدان و متابولیسم بی‌هوازی در ریشه سه لاین امیدبخش گندم تحت تنش غرقابی

محورهای موضوعی : مجله علمی- پژوهشی اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی

فرشته علیزاده واسکسی ¹ (گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
همت اله پیردشتی ² (گروه زراعت، پژوهشکده ژنتیک و زیست فناوری کشاورزی طبرستان، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران)
علی چراتی آرایی ³ (مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مازندران، ایران)
سارا سعادتمند ⁴ (گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1397/10/03 تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/02/21 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/07/01

کلید واژه: پرولین, تنش اکسیداتیو, لاکتات دهیدروژناز, الکل دهیدروژناز, آنزیم آنتی اکسیدان,

چکیده مقاله :

تنش غرقابی اثرات منفی بر رشد و عملکرد گیاه گندم دارد که شناخت مکانیسم دفاعی گیاه در مقابل غرقابی می‌تواند ارزشمند باشد. به منظور بررسی واکنش سه ژنوتیپ گندم به سطوح مختلف تنش غرقابی، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با پنج تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات زراعی قراخیل قائمشهر اجرا شد. در این تحقیق تاثیر تنش غرقابی (صفر، 7، 14 و 21 روز) در دو مرحله پنجه‌زنی (ZG21) و رشد طولی ساقه (ZG31) بر رشد، کلروفیل کل، محتوای پرولین، مالون دی آلدئید و پراکسید هیدروژن، فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی اکسیدان و آنزیم‌های مسیر متابولیسم بی‌هوازی ریشه سه ژنوتیپ گندم (N-93-19، N-93-9 و N-92-9) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که تنش غرقابی در هر دو مرحله رشدی باعث کاهش رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی و رشد هر سه ژنوتیپ شد با این حال بیشترین میزان وزن خشک اندام هوایی و ریشه و محتوای کلروفیل کل در ژنوتیپ N-92-9 مشاهده شد. تشدید تنش غرقابی باعث افزایش محتوای پرولین، مالون دی آلدئید، پراکسید هیدروژن، فعالیت سوپراکسید دیسموتاز، کاتالاز، الکل دهیدروژناز و لاکتات دهیدروژناز و کاهش فعالیت پراکسیداز ریشه ژنوتیپ‌ها در هر دو مرحله رشد نسبت به گیاه شاهد شد. براساس نتایج این آزمایش، ژنوتیپ N-92-9 پاسخ بهتری نسبت به بقیه ژنوتیپ‌ها در صفت‌های مورد بررسی شده تحت تنش غرقابی نشان داد و به عنوان ژنوتیپ متحمل به غرقابی معرفی گردید.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Waterlogging stress has negative effects on the growth and yield of wheat plants, which recognizes the defense mechanism of the plant against waterlogging, can be valuable. In order to study the response of three wheat genotypes to different levels of waterlogging stress, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with five replications in Gharakhil (Ghaemshahr) Agricultural Station. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of waterlogging (0, 7, 14 and 21 day) at tillering (ZG21) and stem elongation (ZG31) stages on the growth, total chlorophyll, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2, activity of antioxidant enzymes, and enzymes of fermentation pathway in root of three wheat promising lines (N-93-19, N-93-9 and N-92-9). The results showed that waterlogging stress in both growth stages reduced the total chlorophyll and growth of all three genotypes, however, the highest contents of total chlorophyll and shoot and root dry weight were observed in N-92-9 genotype. Increased waterlogging stress increased the contents of proline, MDA, H2O2, activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, alcohol dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase and decreased peroxidase activity of root of genotypes in both growth stages compared to control treatments. The results of this experiment that N-92-9 genotype had better response than other two genotypes in all studied traits under waterlogging conditions and was introduced as a flood tolerant genotype.

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