Effect of Seed Priming on Enhancement of Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Annual Sainfoin (Onobrychis crista-galli (L.) Lam.) in Medium and Long-term Collections of Gene Bank
محورهای موضوعی : Seed Science and TechnologyAzadeh Kavandi 1 , Ali Ashraf Jafari 2 , Mojtaba Jafarzadeh 3
1 - agricultural faculty, Islamic Azad University,Saveh , Iran
2 - Professor, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
3 - Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Brojerd Branch, Brojerd Iran
کلید واژه: seed priming, Seed deterioration, seed storage, Annual sainfoin,
چکیده مقاله :
Annual Sainfoin (Onobrychis crista-galli (L.) Lam.) is widely adapted to moderate and cold regions of Iran and naturally grows in pasture and rangelands used for forage in these areas. In order to study the effects of priming on seed germination and seedling growth in O. crista-galli, two factorial experiments were conducted based on a randomized complete design with three replications under laboratory and greenhouse conditions in Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran in 2014-2015. Experimental factors were (A) five conservation methods including medium-term storage (active cold room 4°C for 15 years), long-term storage (basic cold room -18°C for 15 years), regenerated seeds (control) and deteriorated seeds using accelerated ageing techniques )40°C, 98% of RH for 48 and 72h). Levels of factor B were four priming treatments including Control (without priming), two osmopriming (PEG -0.4Mpa and -0.8Mpa), and hydropriming (imbibition with distilled water). Data were collected for germination percent, rate of germination, root length, shoot length, seedling length, vigor index, seedling weight and root/shoot length ratio (R/S). Result of laboratory showed higher mean values of most traits except root length in base store (-18°C). In both experiments, the highest root length was obtained in aged seeds. In greenhouse, higher values of many traits were obtained in osmopriming (PEG -0.4Mpa). In both experiment, higher mean values of many traits were obtained using hydropriming in seeds conserved in both base and active store. In the latter stores, highest root length, seedling length, R/S ratios were obtained by osmopriming (PEG -0.4Mpa and -0.8Mpa). To accelerate aging test, higher mean values of all the traits were obtained by osmopriming (PEG -0.4Mpa). It was concluded that osmopriming could be used as an effective method for the recovery of natural and artificial deteriorated seeds.
Abdual-baki, A. A. and Anderson, J. D., 1973. Relationship between decarboxylation of glutamic acid and vigor in soybean seed. Crop Science. 13: 222-226.
Amooaghaie, R., 2011. The effect of hydro and osmopriming on alfalfa seed germination and antioxidant defenses under salt stress. African Jour. Biotechnology, 10: 6269-6275.
Basra, S. M., Ahmad, A. N., Khan, M. M., Iqbal, N. and Cheema, M. A., 2002. Assessment of cotton seed deterioration during accelerated ageing. Seed Sconce and Technology, 31: 531-540.
Bittebcourt, M.L.C., Dais, D.C.F.S., Dias, L.A.S. and Araujo, E.F., 2004. Effect of priming on asparagus seed germination and vigor under water and temperature stress. Seed Science and Technology, 32: 607-616.
Borreani, G., Peiretti, P.G. and Tabacco, E., 2003. Evolution of yield and quality of Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) in the spring growth cycle Agronomie, 23:193–201.
Butler, LH., Hay, FR., Ellis, RH., Smith, RD., Murray, TB., 2009. Priming and re-drying improve the survival of mature seeds of Digitalis purpurea during storage. Ann Bot, 103: 1261–1270.
Çelik, A. Karakaya, A., Avci, S., Sancak, C. and Özcan, S., 2011. Powdery mildews observed on Onobrychis spp. in Turkey. Australasian Plant Disease Notes, 6(1): 49-53.
Chiu, KY. and Sung, JM., 2002. Effect of priming temperature on storability of primed sh-2sweet corn seed. Crop Sci. 42: 1996-2003.
Eisvand, H.R., Shahrosvand, S, Zahedi, B., Heidari, S. and Afrougheh, S., 2011. Effects of hydro-priming and hormonal priming by gibberellins and salicylic acid on seed and seedling quality of carrot (Daucus carota var. sativus) Iranian Jour. Plant Physiology, 1(4): 233-239. (In Persian).
El-Araby, M. and Hegazi, A.Z., 2004. Response of tomato seed to hydro and osmopriming: and possible relation of some antioxidant enzymes and endogenous polyamine fractions. Egyptian Jour. Biology, 6: 81 -93.
Ellis, R. H., Agrawal, P. K. and Roose, E. E., 1988. Harvesting and storage factors that affect seed quality in pea, lentil, Faba bean and chickpea. R.J. Summer field. (ed.) Word crops: Cool Season Food Legumes.
Emre, I., Turgut-Balk, D., Sahin, A. and Kursat, M., 2007. Total electrophoretic band patterns of some Onobrychis species growing in Turkey. American-Eurasian Jour. Agric. Environ. Sci., 2: 123-126.
FAO, 2013. Draft gene bank standards for plant genetic resources for food and agriculture. http://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/core-themes/theme/seeds-pgr/conservation/gbs/en/ (accessed April 2013).
Farooq, M., Basra, S.M.A., Tabassum, R. and Afzal, I., 2006. Enhancing the performance of direct seeded fine rice by seed priming. Plant Prod. Sci. 9: 446-456.
Finch-Savage, WE., Dent, KC. and Clark, LJ., 2004. Soak conditions and temperature following sowing influence the response of maize (Zea mays L.) seeds to on-farm priming (Pre-Sowing Seed Soak). Field Crops Research. 90: 361- 374.
Ghanavati, F., 2012. Notes on the Onobrychis crista-galli (L.) Lam. (Fabaceae) in Iran. Iran. Jour. Bot. 18 (1): 104-107.
Hampton, J. G., Brunton, B. J., Pemberton, G. M. and Powarth, J. S., 2004. Temperature and time variables for accelerated again Vigor testing of Pea seed. Seed science and Technology.32: 261-264.
Harris, D., Rashid, A., Arif, M., Yunas, M., 2005. Alleviating micronutrient deficiencies in alkaline soils of the North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan: on-farm seed priming with zinc in wheat and chickpea. In: Andersen, Tuladhar P, Karki JK, Maskey KB. S.L. (Eds) Micronutrients in South and South East Asia, pp 143-151. Kathmandu: ICIMOD.
Janmohammadi, M., Fallahnezhad, Y., Golshan, M. and Mohammadi, H., 2008. Controlled ageing for storability assessment and predicting seedling early growth of canola cultivars (Brassica napus L.). Jour. Agricultural and Biological Science, 3: 22-26. (In Persian).
Lu, Y., Sun, Y., Foo, Y., McNabb, W.C., Molan, Al., 2000, Phenolic glycosides of forage legume Onobrychis viciifolia, Phytochemistry, 55: 67-75.
MacDonald, M. B.. 1999. Seed deterioration: physiology, repair and assessment. Seed Sci. Technol. 27:177-237.
Maguire, J. D.. 1962. Speed of germination-aid in selection and evaluation for seedling emergence and vigor. Crop Science. 2: 176-177.
Majidi. MM. and Barati, M., 2011. Methods for breaking seed dormancy in one cultivated and two wild Onobrychis species. Seed Sci. Tech. 39: 44–53. (In Persian).
Majidi, M. M., and Arzani, A. 2004. Study of induced mutation via Ethyl- Methan Sulfonat (EMS) in Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.). Jour. Agricultural Science and Technology, 18: 167-180. (In Persian).
Marshal, A.H. and Lewis, D.N., 2004. Influence of seed storage conditions on seedling emergence, seedling growth and dry matter production of temperate forage grasses. Seed Science and Technology, 32: 493-501.
Nawaz, J., Hussain, M., Jabbar, A., Nadeem, GA., Sajid, M., Subtain, M., Shabbir, I., 2013. Seed Priming A Technique. International Jour. Agriculture and Crop Sciences. 6 (20): 1373-1381.
Priestley, D. A., 1986. Seed aging. Cornell University Press.
Probert , RJ., 2000. The role of temperature in the regulation of seed dormancy and germination. In Fenner M, editor., ed., Seeds: The Ecology of Regeneration in Plant Communities, Ed 2 CAB International, Wallingford, UK, pp 261-292.
Ramezani, M., Rezaei, R., Abandani, S., 2013. Effect of Priming and its Duration on Quality of In-pod Seeds Germination and Seedling Vigor of Sainfoin 'Eski' under Laboratory Conditions Jour. Crop Improvement 15 (2): 1-15. (In Persian).
Rechinger, K.H., 1984. Onobrychis in Flora Iranica. Akademische Druck and Verlagsanstalt. Graz, Austria, 157: 387-484.
Rincker, C. M., 1983. Germination of forage crop seeds after 20 years of subfreezing storage. Crop Science, 23: 229-231.
Rumball, W. and Claydon, B., 2005. Germplasm release ‘G35’ Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia). Jour. Agri. Res., 48: 127-128.
Simic, B., Popovic, S., Tucak, M., 2004. Influence of corn (Zea mays L.) inbred line seed processing on their damage. Plant, Soil and Environment, 50, 157-161.
Soltani, A., Kamkar, B., Galeshi, S.A. and Akram Qadiri, S. F., 1996. The effect of seed deterioration on seed reserves depletion and heterotrophic seedling growth of wheat. Jour. Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. 15, 61-75. (In Persian).
Taylor, AG., Allen, PS., Bennett, MA., Bradford, KJ., Burrisand, JS., Misra, MK., 1998.Seed enhancements. Seed Sci. Res. 8: 245-256.
Tekrony, D.M., 1995. Accelerated aging. In: Van de venter, H.A. (Ed.) Seed vigor testing seminar. Copenhagen: ISTA. Pp. 53-72.
