Handling an Object without Leaving Fingerprints? Translators’s Presence in the Persian Translations of The Dead
محورهای موضوعی : نشریه زبان و ترجمه
1 - Assistant Professor of Translation Studies, University of Kashan, Iran
کلید واژه: voice, free indirect discourse, Bakhtinian perspective, Translator’s presence,
چکیده مقاله :
This study investigated the translator’s presence in three Persian translations of The Dead according to the Bakhtinian approach. To this effect, the presence is traced at three levels. First, following Hermans’ advice, the translations were analyzed apart from the source text for the noticeable presence of the translator. Second, following Munday’s advice, a stylistic analysis was conducted focusing on the features of free indirect discourse in both the source and translated texts. In light of this analysis, the author identified two types of alterations in the interaction of the source voices indicating the presence of translators: suppressing the characters' voice through empowering the narrator’s voice and suppressing the voice of the narrator by empowering the characters’ voice. The analysis at this level added one more piece of evidence to May’s hypothesis regarding the tendency of translators toward reducing the voices. To have a thorough examination of the translator’s presence, a third level of analysis was also added at which translations were compared with one another to look into the presence of the antecedent translator in the work of the following one. The author justifies this last kind of presence building on the Bakhtinian concepts of dialogism, heteroglossia, and assimilation. The use of the Bakhtinian perspective for justifying what goes on in translation is extended in this study to include the notion of originality and, thereby, wise assimilations on the part of translators were reflected on.
در این مطالعه، در سایه اتخاذ رویکردی مبتنی بر آرا باختین، حضور مترجم در سه ترجمه فارسی داستان مردگان بررسی شد. این حضور در سه سطح تحلیل شد. ابتدا، با استناد به توصیه هرمانز، ترجمهها فارغ از متن اصلی برای یافتن حضور ملموس مترجم مطالعه شدند. سپس، با توجه به تاکید ماندی مبنی بر لزوم مقایسه سبکشناختی ترجمه و متن اصلی، ترجمهها از منظر شیوه روایت داستان که گفتمان غیرمستقیم آزاد است با متن اصلی مقایسه شدند. بررسیها در این سطح حاکی از دو نوع تغییر در صداهایی بود که از متن اصلی شنیده میشد: کم شدن صدای شخصیتها به واسطه قدرت بخشیدن به صدای راوی، و کم شدن صدای راوی به واسطه قدرت بخشیدن به صدای شخصیتها. این تغییرات به نوبه خود نشان از حضور مترجم در متن است. به علاوه، تحلیلها در این سطح به فرضیه مِی مبنی بر گرایش ترجمه به کم کردن صداهای متن اصلی صحه گذاشت. در این مطالعه، به منظور بررسی هر چه دقیقتر حضور مترجم، سطح سومی از تحلیل نیز در نظر گرفته شد تا به واسطه آن ترجمهها با یکدیگر مقایسه شوند و از این طریق حضور مترجم اول در ترجمههای بعدی بررسی شود. این حضورِ از نوع سوم از منظر مفاهیم باختینی «گفتگو»، «چندزبانی» و «همانندسازی» توجیه و تبیین شد. همچنین، در این مطالعه با تکیه بر مفهوم باختینی «اصالت» همانندسازیهای مترجمان مورد بحث قرار گرفت.
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