Factors Affecting Biomass Energy Utilization by Small Holder Farmers in Iran

محورهای موضوعی : Environmental policy and management

سیده مرضیه رازقی ¹ (فارغ التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد توسعه روستایی، دانشگاه زنجان، ایران)
حسین شعبانعلی فمی ² (استاد گروه مدیریت و توسعه کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران)
روح اله رضایی ³ (دانشیار گروه ترویج کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1397/02/23 تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/04/30 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/12/11

کلید واژه: biomass, Crop residue, renewable energy resources, small-holder farmers,

چکیده مقاله :

The main purpose of this survey was to assess biomass production and use as a source of energy by smallholders in Tafresh County located in Markazi Province, Iran. A descriptive survey method was used for data collection. The statistical population consisted of 2,470 smallholders. A sample size of 300 was selected by using the stratified random sampling technique. A questionnaire was used to collect the data. A panel of experts confirmed the validity of the questionnaire. A pilot study was conducted to establish the reliability of the instrument. The Cronbach alpha's coefficient was higher than 0.75 for the main scales of the questionnaire. The results showed that the residues of plants and animals are recognized as a potential source of renewable energy, but there exists no specific policy or technical instruction for their optimal use, particularly in organizations such as Agriculture Jihad. Therefore, many farmers burn a considerable amount of firewood without being aware of its potential use. Findings revealed that “diversification of productive activities” had the greatest influence on the use of biomass energy, and the variables “annual cost of gas at home” and “animal farming experience” were ranked the 2nd and 3rd most important factors influencing the dependent variable, respectively.

چکیده انگلیسی:

هدف اصلی پژوهش بررسی تولید و استفاده از زیست­توده به عنوان منبع انرژی توسط کشاورزان خرده مالک شهرستان تفرش واقع در استان مرکزی ایران است. به لحاظ شیوه گردآوری داده­ها، این پژوهش از نوع تحقیقات توصیفی- پیمایشی بود. جامعه آماری این تحقیق را تمامی کشاورزان خرده مالک شهرستان تفرش تشکیل می­دهند (2470N=) که براساس نمونه­گیری طبقه­ای تصادفی، تعداد 300 نفر از آنان انتخاب شدند. برای گردآوری داده‌ها از پرسشنامه استفاده گردید. روایی پرسشنامه با نظر گروهی از کارشناسان و متخصصان مورد تایید قرار گرفت. برای تعیین پایایی ابزار تحقیق پیش‌آزمون انجام گرفت که مقدار آلفای کرونباخ محاسبه شده برای مقیاس­های اصلی پرسشنامه بیشتر از 75/0 بود. نتایج نشان داد بقایای گیاهان و حیوانات به عنوان منبع بالقوه انرژی تجدید پذیر شناخته می­شوند، اما هیچ سیاست و دستورالعمل خاصی برای استفاده بهینه از آن‌ها، به ویژه در سازمان­هایی مانند جهاد کشاورز وجود ندارد. به همین دلیل بسیاری از کشاورزان مقدار قابل توجهی هیزم را می­سوزانند بدون اینکه از کاربرد بالقوه آن آگاه باشند. یافته­ها نشان داد که "تنوع فعالیت­های تولیدی" بیشترین تأثیر را در استفاده از انرژی زیست­توده داشته و متغیر "هزینه سالانه گاز منزل" و "سابقه کار دامداری" به ترتیب مهمترین عوامل به ترتیب تأثیرگذار بر متغیر وابسته بودند.

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