Faculty Members’ Development in Agricultural Higher Education: Does the University Size Matter?
محورهای موضوعی : Education and trainingمرتضی اکبری 1 , افسانه باقری 2 , عایت عباسی 3
1 - دانشکده کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران
2 - دانشکده کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران
3 - گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، ایران
کلید واژه: Faculty Members, Agricultural Higher Education, Professional Development, Faculty Development,
چکیده مقاله :
Higher education has recently faced new challenges and responsibilities such as higher expectations to contribute to national and regional developments, considerable cuts in public funds, and the highly competitive educational markets. Previous research has suggested a positive association between the development of human capital and capacity to deal with these challenges in higher education institutions. Yet, there are few empirical studies on the factors that constitute faculty members’ development. The main purpose of this study was to investigate faculty members’ development components in Agricultural Higher Education in Iran. Specifically, it aimed to explore the differences among faculties of agriculture on the components of their faculty members’ development and analyzed academics’ perceptions toward the current and desirable status of their development. Furthermore, this research examined the faculty members’ perceptions of the most influential component of their development. The population was 1837 faculty members and 280 of them were selected using the stratified random sampling method. The results showed that the faculty members perceived their individual development as higher than and equal to average. There was also a significant difference between universities on the components of their faculty members’ development based on their size except for their individual development. The analysis also suggested wide gaps between the status quo and desirable situations of each component of development as perceived by the faculty members. Furthermore, the faculty members perceived their professional development as the most influential component of their development. Recommendations are made to improve faculty members’ development in agricultural higher education particularly in Iran.
آموزش عالی اخیراً با چالش‌ها و مسئولیت‌های جدیدی همچون انتظارات بالاتر برای کمک به تحولات ملی و منطقه‌ای، کاهش قابل توجهی در بودجه عمومی و بازارهای آموزشی بسیار رقابتی روبرو شده است. تحقیقات قبلی حاکی از ارتباط مثبت بین توسعه سرمایه‌های انسانی در مؤسسات آموزش عالی و ظرفیت آنها برای مقابله با این چالش هاست. با این وجود ، مطالعات تجربی کمی در مورد عوامل مؤثر در توسعه اعضای هیأت علمی وجود دارد. هدف اصلی از این مطالعه بررسی مؤلفه های توسعه اعضای هیات علمی در آموزش عالی کشاورزی در ایران است. به طور خاص، این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تفاوت میان دانشکده‌های کشاورزی در مؤلفه های توسعه اعضای هیأت علمی و نگرش دانشگاهیان نسبت به وضعیت فعلی و مطلوب توسعه آنها انجام شده است. علاوه بر این، نگرش اعضای هیات علمی نسبت به مؤثرترین مؤلفه توسعه آنها مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. جامعه مورد پژوهش 1837 نفر از اعضای هیات علمی بودند که 280 نفر از آنها با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری تصادفی طبقه ای انتخاب شدند. نتایج نشان داد که اعضای هیئت علمی رشد فردی را بالاتر و برابر با میانگین درک می‌کنند. همچنین بین دانشگاهها در مؤلفه‌های توسعه اعضای هیئت علمی براساس اندازه آنها به جز توسعه فردی آنها تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود دارد. نتایج همچنین شکاف‌های گسترده ای را بین وضعیت موجود و وضعیت مطلوب هر یک از مؤلفه های توسعه اعضای هیئت علمی نشان داد. علاوه بر این، اعضای هیئت علمی توسعه حرفه ای خود را به عنوان مؤثرترین مؤلفه توسعه مشخص کردند. در نهایت پیشنهادهایی برای بهبود توسعه اعضای هیات علمی در آموزش عالی کشاورزی به ویژه در ایران ارایه شده است.
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