Comparative Advantage of Production and Measuring the Competitiveness of Major Crops of Urmia County by the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM)
محورهای موضوعی : Farm Management
دنیا بایزیدنژاد
1
(دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران)
محمد خداوردیزاده
2
(استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران)
صدیقه هاشمی بناب
3
(استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران)
کلید واژه: Urmia, Comparative Advantage Indicators, Protection Index, Major Crops, Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM),
چکیده مقاله :
The purpose of this study was to investigate the comparative advantage of production and measuring the competitiveness of major crops of Urmia County by the policy analysis matrix (PAM) in 2016-2017. The results of the comparative advantage indicators indicated that Urmia has a comparative advantage in the production of irrigated wheat, rain-fed wheat, rain-fed barley, sunflower, tomato, chickpeas, and red beans, but it has no comparative advantage in the production of irrigated barley and sugar beet among the major crops of the region. The three indicators of comparative advantage applied in this study include net social profit (NSP), domestic resource cost (DRC), and social cost-benefit index (SCB). According to the NSP index, tomato production has a higher comparative advantage over other crops, and red beans, peas, sunflowers, buckwheat, buckwheat, and barley are in the next ranks, respectively. According to the cost competitiveness index, all surveyed crops had cost competitiveness. The results of reviewing the protection indicators, including net protection coefficient input (NPCI), revealed that indirect subsidies were paid to tradable inputs for all studied crops. The nominal protection coefficient output (NPCO) index for irrigated wheat, rain-fed wheat, sunflower, rain-fed pea, and red bean indicates an indirect tax on the production of these crops by the government.
هدف این مطالعه بررسی مزیت نسبی تولید، آثار سیاست­های حمایتی دولت و توان رقابتی محصولات عمده زراعی شهرستان ارومیه با استفاده از ماتریس تحلیل سیاستی در سال زراعی 96-1395 می‎‏باشد. نتایج شاخص­های مزیت نسبی نشان دهنده این بود که از بین محصولات عمده زراعی شهرستان با توجه به سه شاخص مزیت نسبی اعم از: شاخص سود خالص اجتماعی (NSP)، شاخص هزینه منابع داخلی (DRC)، شاخص هزینه به منفعت اجتماعی(SCB)، شهرستان ارومیه در تولید گندم آبی، گندم دیم، جو دیم، آفتابگردان، گوجه فرنگی، نخود و لوبیا قرمز دارای مزیت نسبی و در تولید جو آبی و چغندر قند فاقد مزیت نسبی بوده است. براساس شاخص NSP)) تولید گوجه فرنگی دارای مزیت­نسبی بالاتری در مقایسه با سایر محصولات می‏باشد و لوبیا قرمز، نخود دیم، آفتابگردان، گندم آبی، گندم دیم و جو دیم به ترتیب در اولویت­های بعدی قرار دارند. با توجه به شاخص توان رقابت هزینه­ای تمامی محصولات مورد بررسی توان رقابت هزینه­ای را دارا می باشند. همچنین نتایج بررسی شاخص­های حمایتی اعم از ضریب حمایت اسمی از نهاده (NPCI)، گویای این بودکه یارانه غیرمستقیمی به نهاده­های قابل تجارت تمامی محصولات مورد مطالعه پرداخت می­شود. مقدار شاخص (NPCO) برای محصولات گندم آبی، گندم دیم، آفتابگردان، نخود دیم و لوبیا قرمز بیانگر اعمال مالیات غیر مستقیم بر تولید این محصولات از طرف دولت می­باشد.
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