Effect of Pre-harvest Foliar Application of Polyamines and Calcium Sulfate on Vegetative Characteristics and Mineral Nutrient Uptake in Rosa hybrida
محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان زینتی
Mehdi Hosseini Farahi
1
(Department of Horticultural Science, Yasooj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasooj, Iran)
Abdolhossein Aboutalebi Jahromi
2
(Department of Horticultural Science, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran | Young Researchers and Elite Club, Yasooj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasooj, Iran)
کلید واژه: Vase life, putrescine, Spermidine, spermine, Stem height,
چکیده مقاله :
In order to improve the quality of cut rose ‘Dolce Vita’, an investigation was performed with 20 treatments, 3 replications, and 2 plants in each replicate in a greenhouse with the open soilless culture system. The treatments included control (distilled water), putrescine (Put) at the rates of 1, 2 or 3 mM, spermidine (Spd) at the rates of 0.5, 1 or 1.5 mM, spermine (Spm) at the rates of 1, 2 or 4 mM, calcium sulfate (CS) at the rates of 2.5 or 5 mM, and the combined treatments of Put + CS and Spd + CS. The traits such as stem height, flower length and diameter, stem fresh weight, vase life, and leaf mineral uptake including N, P, K, Ca, Fe and Zn were measured. According to the results, the combined application of polyamines (PAs) with CS had a significant influence on increasing the parameters such as stem height, flower length and diameter, stem fresh weight, and vase life. The rose flowers treated with Put 2 mM + CS 2.5 mM, Spd 0.5 or 1 mM + CS 5 mM showed the highest vase life (16.2, 16 and 16 days, respectively) compared to other treatments. The combined application of PAs and CS enhanced the uptake of minerals when compared to their individual application. The plants sprayed with Spd and CS exhibited the highest Ca uptake. Generally, the results showed that PAs and CS increased quantitative and qualitative characteristics of rose flower ‘Dolce Vita’ in soilless culture system due to the increased uptake of minerals. It can be inferred that the foliar application of PAs and CS sulfate can be effective in improving the quantitative and qualitative traits of this cultivar.
به­منظور بهبود کیفیت گل رز شاخه بریده رقم ’دولس ویتا‘ آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با 20 تیمار، 3 تکرار و 2 بوته در هر تکرار در یک گلخانه با سیستم کشت بدون خاک طی سال­های 90-89 انجام گرفت. تیمارها شامل شاهد (آب مقطر)، پوتریسین 1، 2 و 3 میلی­مولار، اسپرمیدین 5/0، 1 و 5/1میلی­مولار، اسپرمین 1، 2 و 4 میلی­مولار، سولفات کلسیم 5/2 و 5 میلی­مولار و تیمارهای ترکیبی پوتریسین + سولفات کلسیم و اسپرمیدین + سولفات کلسیم بود. صفاتی شامل ارتفاع شاخه، طول و قطر غنچه گل، وزن تر شاخه، عمر گلجایی و میزان جذب عناصر معدنی ازت، فسفر، پتاسیم، کلسیم، آهن و روی برگ اندازه­گیری شد. براساس نتایج کاربرد ترکیبی پلی­آمین­ها به همراه سولفات کلسیم اثر معنی­داری بر افزایش صفاتی از قبیل ارتفاع شاخه، قطر و طول غنچه، وزن تر شاخه و عمر گلجایی داشت. بوته­های تیمار شده گل رز با پوتریسین 2میلی­مولار به همراه سولفات کلسیم 5/2میلی مولار، اسپرمین یک میلی­مولار و اسپرمین 5/0 میلی­مولار به همراه سولفات کلسیم 5 میلی­مولار بیشترین عمر گلجایی را به ترتیب با مقدار 2/16، 16 و 16 روز در مقایسه با سایر تیمارها نشان دادند. کاربرد ترکیبی پلی­آمین­ها و سولفات کلسیم سبب افزایش جذب عناصر نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم، کلسیم، آهن و روی در برگ گل رز در مقایسه با کاربرد این تیمارها به تنهایی گردید. بوته­های محلول­پاشی شده با اسپرمیدین و سولفات کلسیم بیشترین میزان کلسیم برگ را نشان دادند.
Abdel Aziz Nahed, G., Taha Lobna, S. and Ibrahim Soad, M.M. 2009. Some studies on the effect of putrescine, ascorbic acid and thiamine on growth, flowering and some chemical constituents of gladiolus plants at nubaria. Ozean Journal of Applied Sciences, 2 (2): 169–179.
AbdEl-Wahed, M.S.A. and Gamal El Din, K.M. 2004. Stimulation effect of spermidine and stigmasterol on growth, flowering, biochemical constituents and essential oil of chamomile plants (Chamomilla recutita L. Rausch). Bulgarian Journal of Plant Physiology, 30 (3-4): 48-60.
Abdolmaleki, M., Khosh-Khui, M., Eshghi, S. and Ramezanian, A. 2015. Improvement in vase life of cut rose cv. ‘Dolce Vita’ by preharvest foliar application of calcium chloride and salicylic acid. Intenational Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 21 (1): 55-66.
Anjum, M.A., Naveed, F., Shakeel, F. and Amin, S. 2001. Effect of some chemicals on keeping quality and vase life of tuberose (Pollianthes tuberose L.) cut flowers. Journal of Research Science, 12: 1-7.
Bagni, N. and Tassoni, A. 2006. The role of polyamines in relation to flower senescence. Floriculture, Ornamental and Plant Biotechnology, (pp. 88-9.) Global Science.
Borrell, A., Carbonel, L., Farras, R., Puig Parellads, P. and Tiburcio, A.F. 1997. Polyamines inhibit lipid peroxidation in senescing oat leaves. Physiologia Plantarum, 99: 385-390.
Capdeville, G.D., Maffia, L.A., Fernando, L. and Batista, U.G. 2005. Pre-harvest calcium sulfate applications affect vase life and severity of gray mold in cut roses. Scientia Horticulturae, 103: 329-338.
Dantuluri, V.S.R., Misra, R.L. and Singh, V.P. 2008. Effect of polyamines on postharvest life of gladiolus spikes. Journal of Ornamental Horticultural, 1 (1): 66-68.
El-Sayed, M. 2009. Physiological and biological studies on chrysanthemum plant. MSc. Agricultural, Science, Cario. University. Egypt.
Gerasopoulos, D. and Chebli, B. 1999. Effects of pre and postharvest calcium applications on the vase life of cut gerberas. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 74: 78-81.
Halevy, A.H., Torre, S., Borochov, A., Porat, R., Philosoph-Hadas, S., Meir, S. and Fridman, H. 2001. Calcium in regulation of postharvest life of flowers. Acta Horticulturae,543: 345-351.
Hanafy-Ahmed, A.H., Gad, M.A., Hassan, H.M. and Amin, M.A. 2002. Improving growth and chemical composition of Myrtus communis grown under soil salinity conditions by polyamines foliar application. In: Proceedings of 1th Conference for Agricultural and Environmental Science, 25-28 March., Minia, Egypt. pp. 25-28.
Handa, A.K. and Mattoo, A.K. 2010. Differential and functional interactions emphasize the multiple roles of polyamines in plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 48: 540–546.
Hepler, P.K. 2005. Calcium: A central regulator of plant growth and development. The Plant Cell, 17: 2142-2155.
Hosseinifarahi, M., Dastyaran, M. and Yousefi, F. 2017. Effect of polyameins (PAs) and humic acid (HA) on growth, yield and concentration of mineral elements in shoot and root of strawberry. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 18 (2): 209-220.
Hosseini Farahi, M., Eshghi, S., Kavoosi, B., Amirifahliani, R. and Dastyaran, M. 2013. Effects of spermidine and calcium sulfate on quantitative and qualitative traits and vase life of rose (Rosa hybrida ‘Dolce Vita’) grown in hydroponic system. Journal of Science and Technology of Greenhouse Culture, 4 (14): 15-26. (In Persian).
Hosseini Farahi, M., Kholdbarin, B. and Eshghi, S. 2014. Effect of NO3-: NH+4: Urea ratio in nutrient solution on mineral nutrient concentration and vase life of rose (Rosa hybrida L.) cut flower in soilless culture. Journal of Science and Technology of Greenhouse Culture, 5 (19): 133-146. (In Persian).
Hummel, I., Coueé, I., El Amrani, A., Martin-Tanguy, J. and Hennion, F. 2002. Involvement of polyamines in root development at low temperature in the subantarctic cruciferous species Pringlea antiscorbutica. Journal of Experimental Botany, 53: 1463-1473.
Jowkar, M.M., Kafi, M., Khalighi, A. and Hasanzadeh, N. 2012. Postharvest physiological and microbial impact of hydroxy quinoline citrate as ‘Cherry Brandy’ rose vase solution biocide. Annals of Biological Research, 3 (5): 2238-2247.
Kalatehjari, S., Khalighi, A., Moradi, F. and Fatahi Moghadam, M.R. 2008. The effects of calcium chloride and calcium nitrate on the maintain quality and vase life of cut rose flowers cv. ‘Red Gant’. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 9 (3): 163-176. (In Persian).
Kusano, T., Berberich, T.T., Tateda, C. and Takahashi, Y. 2008. Polyamines: Essential factors for growth and survival. Planta, 228: 367–381.
Leea, M.M., Leea, S.H. and Parkb, K.Y. 1997. Effects of spermine on ethylene biosynthesis in cut carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) flowers during senescence. Journal of Plant Physiology, 151 (1): 68–73.
Mahros, K.M., El-Saady, M.B., Mahgoub, M.H., Afaf, M.H. and Abd El-Sayed, M.I. 2011. Effect of putrescine and uniconazole treatments on flower characters and photosynthetic pigments of Chrysanthemum indicum L. plant. Journal of American Science, 7 (3): 399-408.
Martin-Tanguy, J. 2001. Metabolism and function of polyamines in plants. Recent Development (new approaches). Plant Growth Regulation, 34 (14): 135-148.
Mortensen, L.M., Ottensen, C.O. and Gislerod, H.R. 2001. Effect of air humidity and K/Ca on growth, morphology, flowering and keeping quality of pot roses. Scientia Horticulturae, 90: 131-141.
Pearson-Mims, C. and Lohr, V. 1990. Fluoride injury to cut ‘Samantha’ roses may be reduced by pulsing with calcium nitrate. Journal of Horticultural Science, 25: 1270-1271.
Salama Karima, H.A. 1999. Amelioration of salinity effect in wheat plant by polyamines. Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture Ain Shams University, Egypt.
Shawky Neveen, B.T. 2003. Physiological studies on the effect of salinity, ascorbic acid and putrescine on sweet pepper plant. Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture Cairo University, Egypt.
Sivaprakasam, G., Singh., V.P. and Arora, A. 2009. Physiological and molecular analysis of effect of spermine on senescing petals of gladiolus. Indian Journal of Plant Physiology, 14 (4): 384-391.
Sood, S. and Nagar, P.K. 2003. The effect of polyamines on leaf senescence in two diverse rose species. Plant Growth Regulation, 39: 155–160.
Tassoni, A., Accettulli, P. and Bagni, N. 2006. Exogenous spermidine delays senescence of Dianthus caryophyllus flowers. Plant Biosystems, 140: 107-114.
Thomas, T. and Thomas, T.J. 2001. Polyamines in cell growth and cell death: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic applications. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 58 (2): 244-258.
Torre, S., Borochov, A. and Halevy, A.H. 1999. Calcium regulation of senescence in rose petals. Physiologia Plantarum, 107: 214-219.
Torre, S., Fjeld, T. and Gislerod, H.R. 2001. Effect of air humidity and K/Ca ratio in nutrient supply on growth and postharvest characteristics of cut roses. Scientia Horticulturae, 90: 291-304.
Valero, D., Martines-Romero, D. and Serrano, M. 2002. The role of polyamines on the improvement of the shelf life of fruit. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 13 (6-7): 228-234.
Wallace, H.M. 2009. The polyamines: Past, present and future. Essays in Biochemistry, 46: 1-9.
Walters, D.R. 2000. Polyamines in plants-microbe interactions. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 57: 137-146.
White, P.J. and Broadly, M.R. 2003. Calcium in plants. Annals of Botany, 92: 487-511.
Wu, Q.S., Zou, Y.N., Zhan, T.T. and Liu, C.Y. 2010 a. Exogenous polyamines affect mycorrhizal development of Glomus mosseae-colonized citrus (Citrus tangerine) seedlings. Science Asia, 36: 254–258.
Xiao Ling, X., Zhongshen, W. and Zifa, D. 2007. Effects of polyamines and penicillin on preservation of cut roses. Journal ofNanjingForestryUniversity, 31 (6): 53-56.
Xue, W.A.N.G. 2008. Effects of polyamines on nutrient element absorption in the leaves of Nymphoides peltatum under Zn stress. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 30: 016.
Youssef, E.A.E. 2007. Increasing drought tolerance of gladiolus plants through application of some growth regulators. M.Sc. Thesis. Faculty of Agricultural Zaggazig University, Egypt.
Youssef, A.A., Mahgoub, M.H. and Talaat, I.M. 2004. Physiological and biochemical aspects of Matthiola incana L. plants under the effect of putrescine and kinetin treatments. Journal of Applied Science, 19 (9B): 492-510.
