تحلیل عوامل مؤثر بر توسعه کارآفرینی کشاورزی در مناطق روستایی (مطالعه موردی: دهستان دامنکوه شهرستان اسفراین)
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ایحسین فراهانی 1 , مهری جهانسوزی 2
1 - دانشیار، گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران
2 - دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران
کلید واژه: توسعه اقتصادی, توسعه روستایی, کارآفرینی, دهستان دامنکوه,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه کارآفرینی کشاورزی از مهم‌ترین راه‌کارهای توسعه‌ی روستایی محسوب می‌شود. اگر چه کارآفرینی تنها راه‌کار اشتغال زایی و افزایش درآمدهای مردم روستایی نیست، اما قطعاً بهترین و بهره ورترین نوع آن است. به همین منظور این پژوهش با هدف تحلیل عوامل موثر بر کارآفرینی در بخش کشاورزی نواحی روستایی انجام شده است. پژوهش حاضر به لحاظ هدف از نوع کاربردی و براساس ماهیت از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی می‌باشد. اطلاعات و داده‌های مورد نیاز با استفاده از روش کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی گردآوری شده و برای تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات از تحلیل عاملی به شیوه اکتشافی استفاده گردید. دهستان مورد مطالعه مشتمل بر 15روستا می‌باشد که به علت کم بودن تعداد روستاها، تمامی روستاها مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته‌اند. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر برابر با 987 بهره بردار کشاورزی بوده است که تعداد 276 بهره بردار، با استفاده از فرمول کوکران به عنوان حجم نمونه انتخاب گردید. پایایی گویه‌ها با استفاده از آلفای کرونباخ به میزان 712/0 محاسبه گردید. نتایج به دست آمده از آزمون تحلیل عاملی نشان می‌دهد که از بین عامل‌های هفت گانه شناخته شده، اثر گذارترین عامل از لحاظ کارآفرینی کشاورزی در محدوده‌ی مورد مطالعه مربوط به عامل اقتصادی با مقدار ویژه 731/5 می‌باشد که به تنهایی 831/12 درصد از کل واریانس را تبیین نموده است. کمترین اثر گذاری مربوط به عامل دسترسی به زیرساخت‌های فیزکی با مقدار ویژه 445/1 است که 412/5 درصد از واریانس کل را تبیین می‌کند.
Nowadays, Agricultural Entrepreneurship is one of the most important strategies ways of rural development. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors affecting entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector of rural areas. Considering the purpose, this research is an applied one, and in nature, it is a descriptive-analytic type. Data and information were gathered by means of library and field method and for data analysis; factor analysis was used in an exploratory manner. The rural area, which was under the study, consists of 15 villages, and due to the low number of villages, all villages have been studied. The statistical population of the study has been 987 benefactor farmers, Which 276 benefactors were selected by using Cochran formula as the sample size. The validity of the items was confirmed by the experts and its reliability was calculated using Cronbach,s alpha at a rate of 0.712. The results of the factor analysis test show that among the known seven factors the most effective factor in terms of agricultural entrepreneurship in the study area is the economic factor with a special value of 5/731, which accounts for 12.831% of the total variance by itself. The least impact is related to the factor of access to physical infrastructure with the special value of 1,445 that is accounted for 5.412% of the total variance.
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