Efficiency of Peppermint (Mentha piperita) Powder on Performance, Body Temperature and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens in Heat Stress Condition
محورهای موضوعی : Camelس. عرب عامری 1 , ف. صمدی 2 , ب. دستار 3 , س. زره داران 4
1 - Department of Animal Science, University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources of Gorgan, Gorgan, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources of Gorgan, Gorgan, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources of Gorgan, Gorgan, Iran
4 - Department of Animal Science, University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources of Gorgan, Gorgan, Iran
کلید واژه: Performance, Broiler, Peppermint, carcass traits, heat stress,
چکیده مقاله :
This experiment was carried out to evaluate different levels of peppermint (Mentha piperita) plant powder usage on feed conversion ratio (FCR), body weight (BW), feed intake (FI), body temperature, carcass parts (breast and thigh) and internal organs (liver, heart, gizzard) weights in broiler chicken. A total of 192 broiler chicken were randomly divided into 4 experimental treatments with 4 replicates (12 birds per replicate) arranged in a completely randomized design. Experimental diets consisted of: (1) basal diet (control); (2) basal diet + 1% peppermint powder; (3) basal diet + 2% peppermint powder and (4) basal diet + 300 mg of vitamin E per kilogram. Heat stress performed by setting room temperature on 34 ˚C for 8 hours/day from 35 to 42 days of age. Results showed peppermint powder supplement in all levels significantly affected the FCR at 21 days of age and BW at 42 days of age (P<0.05). Birds treated by basal diet plus vitamin E and control diet showed the highest and lowest FCR values, respectively, at 21days of age. Body weight and feed consumption were significantly reduced in birds in the heat stress group. Peppermint powder supplementation at the level of 1% reduced body temperature compared with the control group during heat stress period (P<0.05). Significant differences were observed between dietary treatments for the relative weights of carcass, breast and thigh at 35 days of age and breast, gizzard and liver relative weights at 42 days of age (P<0.05). Birds fed basal diet plus vitamin E had higher carcass weight than the control groups on 35 days. In general, the results of this study revealed that peppermint powder as a natural antioxidant has beneficial effects on chicken growth performance, body temperature regulation and carcass and internal organ weights.
این آزمایش به منظور بررسی سطوح مختلف پودر نعناع فلفلی بر ضریب تبدیل غذایی، وزن بدن، مصرف خوراک و درجه حرارت بدن و وزن قسمتهای مختلف لاشه ( سینه و ران) و وزن اندامهای داخلی (کبد، قلب، سنگدان) در جوجههای گوشتی انجام گرفت. تعداد 192 قطعه جوجه به طور تصادفی به 4 تیمار غذایی با 4 تکرار (12 جوجه در هر پن) در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی اختصاص داده شد. جیرههای آزمایشی شامل: (1) جیره پایه (شاهد)؛ (2) جیره پایه + 1 درصد پودر نعناع فلفلی؛ (3) جیره پایه + 2 درصد پودر نعناع فلفلی؛ و (4) جیره پایه + 300 میلی گرم ویتامین E به ازای هر کیلوگرم جیره بودند. جهت اعمال تنش گرمایی، دمای سالن از روز 35 تا 42 پرورش، روزانه به مدت 8 ساعت در دمای 34 درجه سانتیگراد تنظیم گردید. نتایج نشان داد مکمل کردن جیره با نعناع فلفلی در تمام سطوح سبب معنیداری ضریب تبدیل غذایی در سن 21 روزگی و وزن بدن در 42 روزگی میشود (05/0>P). جوجههای تیمار شده با جیره پایه مکمل شده با ویتامین E و جیره پایه به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین ضریب تبدیل را در مقایسه با جوجههای تیمار شده با 1 و 2 درصد پودر نعناع فلفلی در 21 روزگی نشان دادند. تنش گرمایی سبب کاهش وزن و خوراک مصرفی در جوجههای گوشتی میگردد. و در طی تنش گرمایی، نعناع فلفلی سبب کاهش دمای بدن و جیره پایه سبب افزایش دمای بدن شد (05/0>P). در نتیجه جوجههای دریافت کننده 1 درصد پودر نعناع فلفلی کمترین دمای بدن را نشان دادند. تفاوت معنیداری بین تیمارهای آزمایشی در سن 35 روزگی در وزن لاشه، سینه و ران مشاهده شد همچنین تفاوت معنیداری در وزن سینه، سنگدان و کبد در 42 روزگی در گروههای آزمایشی رویت گردید (05/0>P). مشاهده شد که جوجههای تغذیه شده با جیره پایه مکمل شده با ویتامین E بیشترین وزن لاشه را در 35 روزگی از گروه شاهد داشتند. هم چنین رویت شد پرندگان تغذیه شده با 1 درصد پودر نعناع فلفلی بیشترین وزن سنگدان را در 35 روزگی داشتند. به طور کلی، این مطالعه نشان داد که پودر نعناع فلفلی به عنوان آنتیاکسیدان طبیعی دارای اثرات مفیدی بر عملکرد رشد جوجه، درجه حرارت بدن، لاشه و وزن اندام داخلی داشت اما به تحقیقات بیشتری نیاز است.
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