Effect of Different Levels of Fennel Extract and Vitamin D3 on Performance, Hatchability and Immunity in Post Molted Broiler Breeders

محورهای موضوعی : Camel

م. کاظمی فرد ¹ ( Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Fisheries Sari Agricultural Science and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran )
ح. کرمانشاهی ² ( The Excellence Center for Animal Science and Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran )
م. رضایی ³ ( Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Fisheries Sari Agricultural Science and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran )
ا. گلیان ⁴ ( The Excellence Center for Animal Science and Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran )

تاریخ دریافت : 1391/07/04 تاریخ پذیرش : 1391/10/11 تاریخ انتشار : 1392/09/10

کلید واژه: Broiler breeder, embryonic mortality, Fennel extract, hatchability, vitamin D3,

چکیده مقاله :

A 3 × 3 factorial experiment with three levels of fennel extract (FE) (0, 50, and 100 mg/kg of diet) and three levels of added vitamin D3 (Vit D3) (0, 3500 and 4200 IU/kg of diet), was carried out to evaluate reproductive performanceand immune response of post molted broiler breeders(76-84 weeks).Broiler breeders were weighed at 10 week after molting (74 weeks) then randomly distributed into 36 pens in order to have a similar mean pen body weight (BW). Each pen consisted of 10 hens and 1 rooster. The birds received experimental diets at 74 weeks of age. Performance data were recorded daily, whereas egg quality traits were determined every 4 weeks. To determine the settable hatch, fertile hatch, embryonic mortality, real hatch, chick quality, chick sexing, chick weight and relative chick weight, eggs from each pen were collected three times a week, marked and incubated in a commercial hatchery for 21 days. Two blood samples were taken from two hens in each pen to assay Newcastle and Influenza antibody titers every two weeks.Dietary fennel extract supplementation significantly increased egg production, chick quality and improved Newcastle antibody titer over time (P<0.022). Furthermore, the addition of FE to diet significantly decreased double yolk and pewee eggs (P<0.001). Yolk color was affected by the addition of vitamin D3 in the whole experimental period. Significant interactions between FE and vitamin D3 on embryonic mortality were observed. The results of this study showed that supplementation of diet with FE exhibits beneficial effects on egg production, double yolk eggs, peewee eggs, chick quality, and Newcastle antibody titer. Dietarysupplementation of vitamin D3improved yolk color with no adverse effect on productive performance.

چکیده انگلیسی:

به منظور بررسی تاثیر سطوح مختلف عصاره رازیانه و ویتامین  D3بر عملکرد، جوجه‌درآوری و خصوصیات کیفی جوجه با 360 مرغ مادر گوشتی راس 308 پس از تولک در 9 تیمار و 4 تکرار به مدت 8 هفته در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی به صورت آرایش فاکتوریل 3 × 3 شامل 3 سطح عصاره رازیانه (0،50 و100 میلی‌گرم/ درکیلوگرم جیره) و 3 سطح ویتامین D3 (0، 3500 و 4200 واحد بین‌الملل/ درکیلوگرم جیره) از هفته 76 تا 84 آزمایش انجام شد. پرنده‌ها ده هفته بعد از تولک (74 هفتگی) وزن و به‌طور تصادفی در 36 قفس آزمایشی به‌طوری که میانگین وزنی آنها نزدیک به هم بود توزین شدند. هر قفس شامل 10 مرغ و یک خروس بود. پرنده‌ها از هفته 74 جیره‌های آزمایشی را دریافت کردند. صفات عملکردی، روزانه، و صفات مربوط به کیفیت پوسته، هر 4 هفته یک بار ثبت و اندازه‌گیری شد. به منظور بررسی جوجه‌درآوری، تخم‌مرغ‌های قابل ارسال به جوجه‌کشی و جوجه‌درآوری تخم‌مرغ‌های بارور، جوجه‌درآوری واقعی، تلفات جنینی، کیفیت جوجه، جنسیت جوجه، وزن جوجه، و راندمان تبدیل تخم به جوجه، سه بار و هر بار به مدت یک هفته تخم‌مرغ‌ها جمع‌آوری و در ماشین جوجه‌کشی صنعتی به مدت 21 روز قرار گرفتند. به منظور اندازه‌گیری تیتر آنتی‌بادی آنفولانزا و نیوکاسل، 2 پرنده از هر واحد آزمایشی یک هفته درمیان خون‌گیری شدند. اضافه کردن عصاره رازیانه به‌طور معنی‌داری تولید تخم‌مرغ و کیفیت جوجه را افزایش داد. همچنین باعث بهبود تیتر آنتی‌بادی نیوکاسل در طول زمان شد (022/0P<). علاوه بر این، افزودن عصاره رازیانه به جیره به طور معنی‌داری از تخم‌مرغ‌های کبوتری کاست (001/0P<). رنگ زرده تحت تاثیر افزودن ویتامین D3 در طول دوره آزمایش قرار گرفت. اثر متقابل عصاره رازیانه و ویتامین D3 بر تلفات جنینی معنی‌دار بود. نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که اضافه کردن عصاره رازیانه به جیره باعث افزایش تولید، کیفیت جوجه، تیر آنتی‌بادی نیوکاسل و کاهش تخم‌مرغ‌های دو‌زرده، و تخم‌کبوتری شد. افزایش ویتامین D3 به جیره باعث بهبود رنگ زرده تخم‌مرغ بدون هیچ اثر منفی بر صفات عملکردی شد.

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