Influence of Dietary Energy and Protein Intake on Yield and Composition of Milk in Crossbred Dairy Cows
محورهای موضوعی : CamelM.E. Hossain 1 , T. Chanda 2 , G.K. Debnath 3 , M.M. Hassan 4 , M.A. Haque 5
1 - Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Science University, Khulshi, Chittagong, Bangladesh
2 - Department of Dairy and Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University,Patuakhali, Bangladesh
3 - Department of Dairy and Poultry Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Science University, Khulshi, Chittagong, Bangladesh
4 - Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Science University, Khulshi, Chittagong, Bangladesh
5 - Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Science University, Khulshi, Chittagong, Bangladesh
کلید واژه: crossbred dairy cow, milk composition, milk yield, metabolizable energy,
چکیده مقاله :
The study was carried out on 120 crossbred Holstein × Shahiwal dairy cows for a period of 150 days to quantify the influence of dietary energy and protein intake on yield and composition of milk. Total 12 dairy farms having similar housing systems and holding at least 20 dairy cows in between mid to late lactation were selected for study purposes. The farms were located in the peri-urban and urban areas of Chittagong, Bangladesh. Milk samples were collected from individual cow. Milk from cows having same body condition scoring (BCS) were mixed together to make a composite sample. Chemical analyses of the samples were carried out in triplicate for fat, protein, lactose, total solids (TS), solids not fat (SNF) and ash. Dietary metabolizable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) intake were measured by analyzing the amount of total mixed ration ingested by the individual cow. Results indicated that, ME intake (MJ/d) significantly (P<0.01) influenced milk yield, milk fat and TS content of milk in crossbred Holstein Friesian dairy cows. Similar to ME, CP intake (g/d) also influenced (P<0.01) milk yield, fat, protein, lactose, TS and ash content of milk. Correlation coefficient matrix indicated that, milk yield was positively correlated with ME and CP intake. However, there was a negative association between ME or CP intake and milk protein, lactose, TS and SNF of milk even though the strength of association was variable. It could therefore be inferred that, adequate dietary ME and CP intake is important to optimize milk yield and milk composition in crossbred Holstein × Shahiwal dairy cows reared under intensive farming systems in tropical regions.
برای تعیین تأثیر انرژی و پروتئین جیره غذایی بر تولید و ترکیب شیر، مطالعه‌ای بر روی 120 گاو شیری دورگه هلشتاین × ساهیوال طی یک دوره 150 روزه انجام شد. مجموع 12 مزرعه گاو شیری سیستم‌های نگهداری مشابهی داشتند و حداقل 20 رأس گاو شیری در بین اواسط تا اواخر دوره شیردهی برای اهداف مطالعه انتخاب شدند. مزارع در مناطق نیمه شهری و شهری چیتاگونگ، بنگلادش واقع شده بودند. نمونه شیر گاوها انفرادی جمع‌آوری شد. نمونه‌های شیر گاوهایی که امتیاز بدنی (BCS) یکسانی داشتند، با هم مخلوط شدند. آنالیز شیمیایی نمونه‌ها در سه تکرار برای چربی، پروتئین، لاکتوز، مواد جامد (TS)، مواد جامد غیر چربی (SNF) و خاکستر انجام شد. انرژی قابل سوخت و ساز جیره (ME) و پروتئین خام (CP) با آنالیز مقدار از کل جیره مخلوط مصرف شده توسط هر گاو به طور انفرادی اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که، انرژی قابل سوخت و ساز مصرفی (MJ/d) به طور معنی‌داری (01/0P<) تولید شیر، چربی شیر و محتوای مواد جامد شیر در گاوهای شیری هلشتاین دورگه فریزین را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد. مشابه انرژی قابل سوخت و ساز، پروتئین خام مصرفی (g/d) نیز تولید شیر، چربی، پروتئین، لاکتوز، مواد جامد و خاکستر شیر را تحت تأثیر قرار داد (01/0P<). ضریب ماتریس همبستگی نشان داد که عملکرد شیر ارتباط مثبت با انرژی قابل سوخت و ساز و پروتئین خام مصرفی دارد. با این حال، یک ارتباط منفی بین انرژی قابل سوخت و ساز و یا مصرف پروتئین خام مصرفی و پروتئین شیر، لاکتوز، مواد جامد و مواد جامد غیر چربی شیر (حتی اگر شدت ارتباط متغیر باشد) وجود دارد. بنابراین می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که، انرژی قابل سوخت و ساز و پروتئین خام مصرفی و مصرف جیره غذایی مناسب برای بهینه سازی تولید شیر و ترکیب شیر در گاوهای شیری هلشتاین دورگه × شاهیوال تحت سیستم‌های پرورش متراکم در مناطق گرمسیری مهم است.
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