Effects of Encapsulated Nano- and Microparticles of Peppermint (Mentha piperita) Alcoholic Extract on the Growth Performance, Blood Parameters and Immune Function of Broilers under Heat Stress Condition
محورهای موضوعی : Camelث. یارمحمدی بربرستانی 1 , ف. صمدی 2 , س. حسنی 3 , ق. اسدی 4
1 - Department of Animal and Poultry Physiology, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 - Department of Animal and Poultry Physiology, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3 - Department of Animal and Poultry Physiology, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
4 - Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
کلید واژه: heat stress, broilers, encapsulated nano- and microparticles, peppermint extract,
چکیده مقاله :
This study was aimed to investigate the effects of encapsulated nano- and microparticles of peppermint (Mentha piperita) extract on the growth performance, blood parameters and immune system of broilers under heat stress conditions. In total, 320 one-day-old broilers (Ross, 308) were assigned into 4 experimental treatments: the control, peppermint alcoholic extract (PE, 200 ppm/kg body weight (BW)), encapsulated nanoparticles of peppermint alcoholic extract (ENPE, 200 ppm/kg BW), and encapsulated microparticles of peppermint alcoholic extract (EMPE, 200 ppm/kg BW). Each treatment consisted of 4 replicates with 20 chicks. Results showed PE, ENPE and EMPE treatments significantly improved feed conversion ratio (FCR). The birds administered by PE, ENPE and EMPE had significantly higher blood serum, total protein, albumin and globulin. Administration of PE, ENPE and EMPE resulted in lower total cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), LDL:HDL ratio and triglyceride, and higher levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). The birds treated by peppermint had higher bursa relative weight, in particular, in those that received ENPE and EMPE than control. Treated birds with PE, ENPE and EMPE showed significantly lower H:L ratio. The serum antibody titers against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were significantly higher in birds administrated by PE, ENPE and EMPE. Birds receiving ENPE and EMPE treatments had significantly higher titers of IgG for primary and secondary responses than that of those receiving the other treatments. In general, this study indicated that encapsulated nano- and microparticles of peppermint alcoholic extract have potential to improve the immunity and growth performance of broilers under heat stress conditions.
هدف این مطالعه بررسی تأثیر نانو و میکروذرات پوشانی شده عصاره نعناع فلفلی بر عملکرد رشد، فراسنجههای خونی و فعالیت سیستم ایمنی در جوجههای گوشتی در معرض شرایط تنش گرمایی بود. در مجموع تعداد 320 قطعه جوجه گوشتی یک روزه (راس، 308) به چهار تیمار آزمایشی اختصاص داده شدند. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل کنترل، عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی (200 پی‌پی‌ام به ازای هر کیلوگرم وزن بدن)، نانو‌ذرات کپسوله شده عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی (200 پی پی‌ام به ازای هر کیلوگرم وزن بدن) و میکروذرات کپسوله شده عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی (200 پی‌پی‌ام به ازای هر کیلوگرم وزن بدن) بودند. هر تیمار مشتمل بر 4 تکرار محتوی 20 جوجه بود. نتایج نشان داد که تیمارهای عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی، نانو و میکروذرات کپسوله شده عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی به طور معنیداری سبب بهبود ضریب تبدیل غذایی شدند. در پرندگانی که عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی و نیز عصاره الکلی به فرم نانو و میکروذرات کپسوله شده دریافت کرده بودند مقادیر پروتئین تام، آلبومین و گلبولین خونشان به طور معنیداری بالاتر بود. استفاده از عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی و نیز عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی به فرم نانو و میکروذرات کپسوله شده منجر به کاهش کلسترول کل، VLDL-کلسترول، LDL-کلسترول، LDL:HDL و تریگلیسرید و افزایش HDL-کلسترول شد. در پرندگان تیمار شده با نعناع فلفلی به خصوص در فرم ریز‌ذرات کپسوله شده وزن نسبی بورس فابرسیوس بالاتر بود. پرندگان تیمار شده با عصاره نعناع فلفلی و نانو و میکروذرات کپسوله شده عصاره نعناع فلفلی به طوری معنیداری نسبت هتروفیل به لمفوسیت پایین‌تری داشتند. تیتر آنتیبادی بر علیه گلبول قرمز سرم گوسفندی به طور معنیداری در پرندگان تیمار شده با عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی و نانو و میکروذرات کپسوله شده عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی بالاتر بود. پرندگانی که نانو و میکرو ذرات کپسوله شده عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی دریافت کرده بودند نسبت به بقیه پرندگان به طور معنیداری تیتر IgG بالاتری در اولین و دومین پاسخ ایمنی نشان دادند. به طور کلی این مطالعه نشان داد که نانو و میکروذرات کپسوله شده عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی توانایی بهبود سیستم ایمنی و راندمان رشد جوجههای گوشتی را در شرایط تنش گرمایی دارد.
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