تأثیر نانو و میکرو‌ذرات پوشانی شده عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی بر عملکرد رشد، فراسنجه‌های خونی و فعالیت سیستم ایمنی در جوجه‌های گوشتی در معرض شرایط تنش گرمایی

Subject Areas : Camel

ث. یارمحمدی بربرستانی ¹ , ف. صمدی ² , س. حسنی ³ , ق. اسدی ⁴

1 - Department of Animal and Poultry Physiology, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 - Department of Animal and Poultry Physiology, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3 - Department of Animal and Poultry Physiology, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
4 - Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

Received: 2017-01-15 Accepted : 2017-04-30 Published : 2017-12-01

Keywords: تنش گرمایی, جوجه‌های گوشتی, نانو و میکروذرات کپسوله شده, عصاره نعناع فلفلی,

Abstract :

هدف این مطالعه بررسی تأثیر نانو و میکروذرات پوشانی شده عصاره نعناع فلفلی بر عملکرد رشد، فراسنجه­های خونی و فعالیت سیستم ایمنی در جوجه­های گوشتی در معرض شرایط تنش گرمایی بود. در مجموع تعداد 320 قطعه جوجه گوشتی یک روزه (راس، 308) به چهار تیمار آزمایشی اختصاص داده شدند. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل کنترل، عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی (200 پی‌پی‌ام به ازای هر کیلوگرم وزن بدن)، نانو‌ذرات کپسوله شده عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی (200 پی پی‌ام به ازای هر کیلوگرم وزن بدن) و میکروذرات کپسوله شده عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی (200 پی‌پی‌ام به ازای هر کیلوگرم وزن بدن) بودند. هر تیمار مشتمل بر 4 تکرار محتوی 20 جوجه بود. نتایج نشان داد که تیمارهای عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی، نانو و میکرو‌ذرات کپسوله شده عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی به طور معنی­داری سبب بهبود ضریب تبدیل غذایی شدند. در پرندگانی که عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی و نیز عصاره الکلی به فرم نانو و میکرو‌ذرات کپسوله شده دریافت کرده بودند مقادیر پروتئین تام، آلبومین و گلبولین خونشان به طور معنی­داری بالاتر بود. استفاده از عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی و نیز عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی به فرم نانو و میکرو‌ذرات کپسوله شده منجر به کاهش کلسترول کل، VLDL-کلسترول، LDL-کلسترول، LDL:HDL  و تری­گلیسرید و افزایش HDL-کلسترول شد. در پرندگان تیمار شده با نعناع فلفلی به خصوص در فرم ریز‌ذرات کپسوله شده وزن نسبی بورس فابرسیوس بالاتر بود. پرندگان تیمار شده با عصاره نعناع فلفلی و نانو و میکرو‌ذرات کپسوله شده عصاره نعناع فلفلی به طوری معنی­داری نسبت هتروفیل به لمفوسیت پایین‌تری داشتند. تیتر آنتی­بادی بر علیه گلبول قرمز سرم گوسفندی به طور معنی­داری در پرندگان تیمار شده با عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی و نانو و میکروذرات کپسوله شده عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی بالاتر بود. پرندگانی که نانو و میکرو ذرات کپسوله شده عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی دریافت کرده بودند نسبت به بقیه پرندگان به طور معنی­داری تیتر IgG بالاتری در اولین و دومین پاسخ ایمنی نشان دادند. به طور کلی این مطالعه نشان داد که نانو و میکروذرات کپسوله شده عصاره الکلی نعناع فلفلی توانایی بهبود سیستم ایمنی و راندمان رشد جوجه­های گوشتی را در شرایط تنش گرمایی دارد.

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