Effect of Feeding of Various Types of Soybean Meal and Differently Processed Barley Grain on Performance of High Producing Lactating Holstein Dairy Cows
محورهای موضوعی : Camel
ا. خطیبی شهری
1
(Department of Animal Science, Imam Reza International University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran)
م. دانش مسگران
2
(گروه علوم دامی-دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد-مشهد-ایران)
د. زحمتکش
3
(Department of Animal Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran)
کلید واژه: barley grain, soybean meal, Holstein cows, steam flaked, xylose protected soybean meal,
چکیده مقاله :
Twenty-four lactating Holstein dairy cows were used in a completely randomized design to investigate the effect of soybean meal (SM) and xylose protected soybean meal (XSM) in combination with ground (GB) or steam flaked (FB) barley on dry matter intake, milk production, rumen fermentation and blood responses. The experimental period lasted for 30 days. The diets consisted of the provision of 19.85% corn silage, 12.02% alfalfa hay, 0.72% wheat straw and 67.41% concentrate that averaged 17% crude proteins (DM basis) were offered two times daily. Dry matter intake (DMI) (P=0.051) and milk yield (P<0.0001) decreased by XSM in diets with GB or FB (P<0.05). The animals fed diets containing XSM had lower fat corrected milk (FCM 3.5%) and energy corrected milk (ECM) than diets containing SM (P<0.05). The milk fat and solids not fat percentage in XSM were significantly higher than SM (P<0.05) but milk protein percentage was lower (P<0.05). A comparison of GB versus FB and SM versus XSM diets indicated that the milk protein yield was higher for diets containing FB (P<0.05) and containing SM (P<0.001). Blood metabolites were significantly different between treatments (P<0.05). The diets containing XSM had lower levels of non-esterified fatty acids and higher levels blood urine nitrogen than those containing SM (P<0.05). The Acetate, propionate, valerate and butyrate concentrations differed significantly between the diets (P<0.05). In according to the results of our experiment, soybean meal in combination with ground barely may alter the performance of Holstein dairy cows.
بیست و چهار گاو شیری هلشتاین در یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی برای بررسی اثر کنجاله سویا (SM) و کنجاله سویا محافظت شده با زایلوز (XSM) در ترکیب با جو آسیاب شده (GB) یا جو پرک شده (FB) روی ماده خشک مصرفی، تولید شیر، تخمیر شکمبه‌ای و پاسخ‌های خونی استفاده شدند. دوره آزمایش 30 روز به طول انجامید. جیره‌ها شامل تهیه 85/19 درصد سیلاژ ذرت، 02/12 درصد علوفه یونجه، 72/0 درصد کاه گندم و 41/67 درصد کنسانتره با متوسط 17 درصد پروتیئن خام (براساس DM) روزانه دوبار پیشنهاد شدند. ماده خشک مصرفی (DMI) (051/0P=) و مقدار شیر (0001/0>P) با XSM در جیره‌های با GB یا FB کاهش یافت (05/0>P). جیره‌های تغذیه شده حیوانات محتوی XSM چربی شیر تصحیح شده (FCM 3.5%) و انرژی تصحیح شده شیر (ECM) کمتری نسبت به جیره‌های محتوی SM (05/0>P) داشتند. چربی شیر و مواد جامد نه درصد چربی در XSM به طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از SM (05/0>P) بودند اما درصد پروتئین شیر پایین‌تر بود (05/0>P). مقایسه جیره‌های GB در مقابل FB و SM در مقابل XSM نشان داد که مقدار پروتئین شیر برای جیره‌های حاوی FB (05/0>P) و حاوی SM (001/0>P) بالاتر بود. متابولیت‌های خونی به طور معنی‌داری بین تیمارها متفاوت بود (05/0>P). جیره‌های حاوی XSM سطوح پایین‌تری از اسیدهای چرب غیر استریفه و سطوح بالاتری نیتروژن اوره‌ای خون نسبت به جیره‌های حاوی SM (05/0>P) داشتند. غلظت‌های استات، پروپیونات، والرات و بوتیرات به طور معنی‌داری بین جیره‌ها متفاوت بود (05/0>P). براساس نتایج آزمایش ما، کنجاله سویا در ترکیب با جو آسیاب شده ممکن است عملکرد گاوهای شیری هلشتاین را تغییر دهد.
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