Effect of Forage Feeding Level on Body Weight, Body Condition Score, Milk Production, and Milk Urea Nitrogen of Holstein Cows on an Organic Diet

محورهای موضوعی : Camel

م. شریفی ¹ (Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran)
ع.ا. خادم ² (Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran)
ب.ج. هینس ³ (Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108, USA)
ر. پهلوان ⁴ (National Animal Breeding Center and Promotion of Animal Product, Karaj, Iran)
ج. موسوی ⁵ (Department of Animal Science, Valfajr Agricultural Research Center, Tehran, Iran)
م. صفدری ⁶ (Department of Animal Science, Valfajr Agricultural Research Center, Tehran, Iran)

تاریخ دریافت : 1393/01/19 تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/05/09 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/09/10

کلید واژه: milk composition, body condition, dairy Holstein, organic diets,

چکیده مقاله :

In the past decade, a global demand for products from organic agriculture has increased rapidly. Milk quality is of major interest to all parties. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare cow performance and product quality on conventional and organic diets. 72 Holstein dairy cows were allotted to one of four diets: a conventional diet (CON40), an organic diet with a low amount of forage (ORG40), an organic diet with a moderate amount of forage (ORG60) and an organic diet with a high amount of forage (ORG80). Multiparous cows (2nd, 3rd, and 4th parity) were randomly assigned to the treatments. Range forages were used as part of the diets, and cows were individually offered feed three times a day with refusals collected once a day. Daily dry matter intake (DMI) and milk yield (MY) were measured for 308 days. Somatic cell count (SCC), body weight (BW) and feed efficiency (FE) were determined at 28-day intervals. The DMI was different for cows that consumed the ORG80 (18.2 kg/d), ORG60 (19.1 kg/d), ORG40 (20.1 kg/d) and CON40 (20.5 kg/d) diets. BW was not affected by treatments, but differences in body condition score (BCS) (P<0.05) were observed. Although milk yield was higher in cows fed CON40, milk fat was higher (P<0.05) in cows fed organic diets. Lower FE, milk urea nitrogen (MUN) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were observed in cows fed organic diets (P<0.05).

چکیده انگلیسی:

در دهه‌های گذشته، تقاضای جهانی محصولات کشاورزی ارگانیک به سرعت افزایش یافته است. کیفیت شیر ​​مورد توجه همه بخش‌ها است. بنابراین، هدف از این مطالعه مقایسه عملکرد گاوها و کیفیت محصولات آنها در جیره های غذایی رایج و ارگانیک است. در این راستا، 72 گاو شیری هلشتاین به یکی از چهار جیره غذایی اختصاص یافت: جیره غذایی رایج (CON40)، جیره غذایی ارگانیک با علوفه کم (ORG40)، جیره غذایی ارگانیک با علوفه متوسط (ORG60) و جیره غذایی ارگانیک با علوفه زیاد (ORG80). گاوهای چند شکم‌زا (2 ، 3 و 4 شکم) به طور تصادفی در گروه‌های درمانی قرار گرفتند. علوفه به عنوان بخشی از جیره غذایی استفاده شد، و گاوها به طور جداگانه سه بار در روز مورد تغذیه قرار گرفتند و خوراک باقیمانده در انتهای روز جمع‌آوری شد. مقدار مصرف روزانه ماده خشک و عملکرد شیر در 308 روز بررسی و اندازه‌گیری شد. تعداد سلول‌های سوماتیک شیر‌، وزن بدن گاو و بازده خوراک در فواصل هر 28 روز تعیین شد. مقدار مصرف روزانه ماده خشک برای گاوهای مصرف جیره‌های غذاییORG80  (2/18 کیلوگرم در روز)، ORG60 (1/19 کیلوگرم در روز)، ORG80 (1/20 کیلوگرم در روز) و CON40 (5/20 کیلوگرم در روز) متفاوت بود. وزن بدن گاوها تحت تأثیر تیمارها قرار نگرفت، اما در نمره وضعیت بدنی گاوها اختلاف معنی‌داری (05/0>P) مشاهده شد. اگر چه عملکرد شیر در گاوهای تغذیه شده با CON40 بالاتر از سایرین بود، در جیره‌های غذایی ارگانیک چربی شیر بالاتر بود (05/0>P). پایین‌ترین کارآیی خوراک، نیتروژن اوره‌ای شیر و نیتروژن اوره‌ای خون در گاوهای تغذیه شده با جیره‌های غذایی ارگانیک مشاهده شد (05/0>P).

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