Association of PIT1 Gene with Milk Fat Percentage in Holstein Cattle
محورهای موضوعی : Camelز. ابراهیمی حسین‌زاده 1 , م.ر. محمدآبادی 2 , ع. اسمعیلی‌زاده 3 , الف خضری 4 , ع. نجمی نوری 5
1 - Department of Animal Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
4 - Department of Animal Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
5 - Department of Animal Science,Yasouj University,Yasouj,Iran
کلید واژه: PCR, polymorphism, milk fat, Holstein cattle, PIT1 gene,
چکیده مقاله :
The pituitary-specific transcription factor (PIT1) gene is responsible for pituitary development and hormone secreting gene expression in mammals. PIT-1 is studied as a candidate genetic marker for growth, carcass and also for milk yield traits. In dairy farm animals, the principal goal of the selection is the improvement of milk yield and composition. The genes of milk proteins and hormones are excellent candidate genes for linkage analysis with quantitative trait loci (QTL) because of their biological significance on the quantitative traits of interest. Thus, in this study association between polymorphism of the pituitary transcription factor 1 (PIT1) gene and milk fat percentage of Holstein cattle in Khorasan Razavi province of Iran were analyzed. A total of 100 dairy cows from a herd containing 1000 animals were included in the study. Genomic DNA was extracted from the whole blood. One pair primers were used for amplification of PIT1 gene and PCR products were electrophoresed on 1% agarose gel. Then, PCR products were digested with HinfI restriction enzyme. Results were analyzed using PopGene software and allele frequencies A and B were 0.25 and 0.75, respectively. Frequencies of AA, AB and BB genotypes, number of observed alleles, number of effective alleles, expected heterozygosity, observed heterozygosity, mean of heterozygosity, expected hemozygosity, observed hemozygosity, Nei’s index and Shanon’s index were 6, 40 and 54%, 2, 1.6, 0.37, 0.40, 0.37, 0.62, 0.59, 0.37 and 0.56, respectively. Results of k-square shown that population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. SAS software with GLM procedure was used for calculation of association between milk fat percentage and observed genotypes and results indicated that the effect of genotype on fat percentage was significant (P<0.01) and AB genotype had the highest effect on milk fat percentage. These results imply that the PIT1 genotypes affected milk fat percentage, suggesting that this polymorphism can be used as a molecular marker for this trait.
ژن فاکتور نسخه برداری ویژه هیپوفیز (PIT1) مسئول رشد و توسعه هیپوفیز و بیان ژن ترشح این هورمون در پستانداران است. ژن PIT1 به عنوان یک نشانگر ژنتیکی کاندیدا برای صفات رشد، لاشه و نیز تولید شیر معرفی شده است. در حیوانات شیری مزرعهای، هدف اصلی انتخاب بهبود و افزایش تولید شیر و ترکیبات شیر میباشد. ژنهای پروتئین شیر و هورمونها ژنهای کاندیدای عالی برای آنالیز پیوستگی با جایگاههای صفات کمی (QTL) میباشند، زیرا دارای اهمیت بیولوژیکی روی صفات کمی جالب و مفید هستند. لذا در این مطالعه، ارتباط و همبستگی بین چند شکلی ژن PIT1 و درصد چربی شیر در گاوهای هلشتاین استان خراسان رضوی ایران مورد آنالیز قرار گرفت. تعداد 100 گاو هلشتاین از یک گله 1000 رأسی در استان خراسان رضوی مطالعه شد. DNA ژنومی از خون کامل استخراج گردید. یک جفت پرایمر برای تکثیر ژن PIT1 استفاده شد و محصولات PCR روی ژل آگارز 1 درصد الکتروفورز شدند. سپس محصولات PCR با آنزیم برشی HinfI هضم شدند. نتایج به وسیله نرم افزار PopGene آنالیز شدند و فراوانی آللی A و B برای ژن PIT1 به ترتیب 25/0 و 75/0 به دست آمد. فراوانی ژنوتیپ‌های AA، AB و BB، تعداد آلل واقعی، تعداد آلل مؤثر، هتروزیگوسیتی مورد انتظار، هتروزیگوسیتی مشاهده شده، متوسط هتروزیگوسیتی، هموزیگوسیتی مورد انتظار، هموزیگوسیتی مشاهده شده، شاخص نئی و شاخص شانون به ترتیب 6، 40 و 54 درصد، 2، 60/1، 37/0، 40/0، 37/0، 62/0، 59/0، 37/0 و 56/0 محاسبه شد. نتیجه آزمون کای اسکور نشان داد که در جمعیت تعادل هاردی- واینبرگ برقرار است. برای محاسبه ارتباط بین درصد چربی شیر و ژنوتیپ‌های مشاهده شده از نرم افزارSAS و رویه آماری GLM استفاده شد و نتایج نشان داد که اثر ژنوتیپ بر درصد چربی معنی دار است (01/0>P) و ژنوتیپ AB بیشترین اثر را بر روی درصد چربی شیر داشت. نتایج نشان داد که ژنوتیپ‌های PIT1 روی درصد چربی شیر اثر دارند، لذا پیشنهاد میدهند که این چندشکلی میتواند به عنوان یک نشانگر ملکولی برای این صفت استفاده شود.
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