Effects of Sweet Marjoram (Origanum majorana) Powder on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation, Meat Quality and Humoral Immune Response in Fattening Lambs
محورهای موضوعی : Camel
M. Vahabzadeh
1
(
Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
)
م. چمنی
2
(
گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران
)
O. Dayani
3
(
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
)
A.A. Sadeghi
4
(
Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
)
M.R. Mohammadabadi
5
(
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
)
کلید واژه: performance, meat quality, rumen, sweet marjoram,
چکیده مقاله :
The use of natural compounds such as herbs and herbal preparations because of their effects on animal health and product quality, is becoming a new goal in livestock production. Therefore, an experiment was carried to evaluate the effects of sweet marjoram on growth performance, rumen fermentation, meat quality and humoral immune response in Kermani lambs. A total of 24 Kermani lambs (27.5±0.450 kg) were distributed randomly into 24 individual cages in 3 experimental groups. The experimental diets consisted of the control and two experimental diet contained 2 and 4 % Origanum majorana leaf (OML) powder. The lambs were weighed and slaughtered after a feeding period of 80 days and meat quality were determined. OML powder had no effects on dry matter intake, but the apparent protein digestibility was higher linearly (P<0.05) for the diets containing OML powder. Live weight gain, final and carcass weight increased (P<0.05) with adding of OML in diet linearly. NH3-N concentration and protozoa population were less (P<0.05) with 2 and 4% OML than control. Fat and total protein linear decreased and increased (P<0.05) respectively in meat by adding of OML powder in diet, and longissimus dorsi of lamb fed OML powder had lower (P<0.05) malonaldehyde and cooking loss than the control diet linearly. The results suggest that OML is useful for improvement ruminal fermentation and is a suitable natural antioxidant in the meat production industry.
Abd El-Mola A.M., El-Bordeny N.E., Azzaz H.H. and Al Zahar H. (2019). Effect of some aromatic plants by products on the in vitro rumen fermentation and buffalo’s milk production in early lactation. Egyptian J. Nutr. Feeds. 22, 23-31.
Al-Mamun M., Hanai Y., Tanaka C., Tamura Y. and Sano H. (2008). Responses of whole body protein synthesis and degradation to plantain herb in sheep exposed to heat. Arch. Anim. Nutr. 62, 219-229.
Ando S., Nishida T., Ishida M., Hosoda K. and Bayaru E. (2003). Effect of peppermint feeding on the digestibility, ruminal fermentation and protozoa. Livest. Prod. Sci. 82, 245-248.
AOAC. (2000). Official Methods of Analysis. 17th Ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
Aureli P., Costantini A. and Zolea S. (1992). Antimicrobial activity of some essential oils against Listeria monocytogenes. J. Food Prot. 55, 344-348.
Bampidis V., Christodoulou V., Florou-Paneri P., Christaki E., Spais A.B. and Chatzopoulou P.S. (2005). Effect of dietary oregalano leaves supplementation on performance and carcass characteristics of growing lambs. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 121, 285-295.
Bertram H.C., Andersen H.J., Karlsson A.H., Horn P., Hedegaard J., Norgaard L. and Engelsen S.B. (2003). Prediction of technological quality (cooking loss and Napole Yield) of pork based on fresh meat characteristics. Meat Sci. 65, 707-712.
Botsoglou N.A., Florou-Paner P., Christaki E., Fletouris D.J. and Spais A.B. (2002). Effect of dietary oregano essential oil on performance of chickens and on iron-induced lipid oxidation of breast, thigh and abdominal fat tissues. British Poult. Sci. 43, 223-230.
Bravo D., Pirgozliev V. and Rose S.P. (2014). A mixture of carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, and capsicum oleoresin improves energy utilization and growth performance of broiler chickens fed maize-based diet. J. Anim. Sci. 92, 1531-1536.
Broderick G.A. and Kang J.H. (1980). Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and total amino acids in ruminal fluid and in vitro media. J. Dairy Sci. 63, 64-75.
Busquet M., Calsamiglia S., Ferret A., Carro M.D. and Kamel C. (2005). Effect of garlic oil and four of its compounds on rumen microbial fermentation. J. Dairy Sci. 88, 4393-4404.
Cardozo P.W., Calsamiglia S., Ferret A. and Kamel C. (2005). Screening for the effects of natural plant extracts at different pH on in vitro rumen microbial fermentation of a high-concentrate diet for beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 83, 2572-2579.
Castellini C., Mugnai C. and Dal Bosco A. (2002). Effect of organic production system on broiler carcass and meat quality. Meat Sci. 60, 219-225.
Castillejos L., Calsamiglia S. and Ferret A. (2006). Effect of essential oils active compounds on rumen microbial fermentation and nutrient flow in in vitro systems. J. Dairy Sci. 89, 2649-2658.
Chaves A.V., Stanford K., Gibson L.L., McAllister T.A. and Benchaar C. (2008). Effects of carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde on intake, rumen fermentation, growth performance, and carcass characteristics of growing lambs. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 145, 396-408.
Christensen L.B. (2003). Drip loss sampling in porcine M. Longissimus dorsi. Meat Sci. 63, 469-477.
Dudko P., Junkuszew A., Bojar W., Milerski M., Szczepaniak K., Le Scouarnec J., Schmidová J., Tomczuk K. and Grzybek M. (2018). Effect of dietary supplementation with preparation comprising the blend of essential oil from Origanum vulgare (lamiaceae) and Citrus spp. (citraceae) on coccidia invasion and lamb growth. Italian J. Anim. Sci. 17, 57-65.
El-Ashmawy I.M., El-Nahas A.F. and Salama O.M. (2005). Protective effect of volatile oil, alcoholic and aqueous extracts of Origanum majorana on lead acetate toxicity in mice. Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 97, 238-243.
Garcia-Galicia I.A., Arras-Acosta J.A., Huerta-Jimenez M., Rentería-Monterrubio A.L., Loya-Olguin J.L., Carrillo-Lopez L.M., Tirado-Gallegos J.M. and Alarcon-Rojo A.D. (2020). Natural oregano essential oil may replace antibiotics in lamb diets: Effects on meat quality. Antibiotics. 9, 248-266.
Geraci G.I., Garciarene A.C., Gagliostro G.A., Beauchemin K.A. and Colombato D. (2012). Plant extract containing cinnamaldehyde, eugenol and capsicum oleoresin added to feedlot cattle diet: Ruminal environment, short term intake pattern and animal performance. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 176, 123-133.
Ghasemifard M., Rahchamani R., Ghanbari F. and Mostafalo Y. (2017). Effects of Matricaria chamomille and Cichorium intybus powder on performance, rumen microbial population and some blood parameters of Dallagh sheep. Iranian J. Vet. Med. 11, 267-277.
Goel G., Puniya A.K., Aguliar C.N. and Singh K. (2005). Interaction of gut microflora with tannins in feeds. Sci. Nat. 92, 497-503.
Grossi A. and Lacetera N. (2004). Administration of Thuya occidentalis in homeopathic dilution in goats vaccinated against bluetongue virus: a preliminary study. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 13, 593-596.
Hafez A.A. (2012). physico-chemical and sensory properties of cakes supplemented with different concentration of marjoram. Australian J. Basic Appl. Sci. 6, 463-470.
Hajalizadeh Z., Dayani O., Khezri A. and Tahmasbi R. (2020). Digestibility, ruminal characteristics, and meat quality of fattening lambs fed different levels of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) seed powder. J. Livest. Sci. Technol. 8, 37-46.
Hajalizadeh Z., Dayani O., Khezri A., Tahmasbi R. and Mohammadabadi M.R. (2019). The effect of adding fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) seed powder to the diet of fattening lambs on performance, carcass characteristics and liver enzymes. Small Rumin. Res. 175, 72-77.
Hart K.J., Yanez-Ruiz D.R., Duval S.M., McEwan N.R and Newbold C.J. (2008). Plant extracts to manipulate rumen fermentation. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 147, 8-35.
Hashemipour H., Kermanshahi H., Golian A. and Veldkamp T. (2013). Effect of thymol and carvacrol feed supplementation on performance, antioxidant enzyme activities, fatty acid composition, digestive enzyme activities, and immune response in broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 92, 2059-2069.
Hosoda K., Kuramoto K., Eruden B., Nishida T. and Shioya S. (2006). The effects of three herbs as feed supplements on blood metabolites, hormones, antioxidant activity, IgG concentration, and ruminal fermentation in holstein steers. Asian-Australasian J. Anim. Sci. 19, 35-41.
Hristov A.N., Lee C., Cassidy T.T., Heyler K., Tekippe J.A., Varga G.A., Corl B. and Brandt R.C. (2013). Effect of Origanum vulgare L. leaves on rumen fermentation, production, and milk fatty acid composition in lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 96, 1189-1202.
İpçak H.H. and Alçiçek A. (2018). Addition of capsicum oleoresin, carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde and their mixtures to the broiler diet II: Effects on meat quality. J Anim. Sci. Technol. 60, 9-19.
Jang A., Liu X.D., Shin M.H., Lee B.D., Lee S.K., Lee J.H. and Jo C. (2008). Antioxidative potential of raw breast meat from broiler chicks fed a dietary medicinal herb extract mix. Poult. Sci. 87, 2382-2389.
Jensen C., Birk E., Jokumsen A., Skibsted L.H. and Bertelsen G. (1998). Effect of dietary levels of fat, α-tocopherol and astaxanthin on colour and lipid oxidation during storage of frozen rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and during chill storage of smoked trout. Z. Lebensm. Unters. Forsch. 207, 189-196.
Jiang Z., Wan Y., Li P., Xue Y., Cui W., Chen Q., Chen J., Wang F. and Mao D. (2019). Effect of curcumin supplement in summer diet on blood metabolites, antioxidant status, immune response, and testicular gene expression in hu sheep. Anim. 9, 720-731.
Kelly W.J. (2004). Herbal Medicine Handbook. Lippincott Williams Wilkins A Wolters, Kluwer Co., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Khalesizadeh A., Vakili A., Danesh-Mesgaran M. and Valizadeh R. (2011). The effects of garlic oil (Allium sativa), tumeric powder (Curcuma longa) and monensin on total apparent digestibility of nutrients in Baloochi lambs. Wolrd Acad. Sci. Engin. Technol. 59, 915-917.
Khalilnezhad E. (2013). Effect of Oreganum essential oil on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility and blood metabolites in ghezel sheeps. MS Thesis. Urmia Univ., Urmia, Iran.
Kirmizibayrak T., Onk K., Ekiz B., Yalcintan H., Yilmaz A., Yazici K. and Altinel A. (2011). Effect of age and sex on meat quality of Turkish native geese raised under a free-range system. J. Fac. Vet. Med. Univ. Kafkas. 17, 817-823.
Kolling G.J., Panazzolo D.M., Gabbi A.M., Stumpf M.T., Passos M.B.D., Cruz E.A.D. and Fischer V. (2016). Oregano extract added into the diet of dairy heifers changes feeding behavior and concentrate intake. Sci. World J. 2016, 1-6.
Kongmun P., Wanapat M., Pakdee P. and Navanukraw C. (2010). Effect of coconut oil and garlic powder on in vitro fermentation using gas production technique. Livest. Sci. 127, 38-44.
Kozelov L., Tliev F., Profirov J., Nikolov I.V.S., Ganev G., Modeva T. and Krasteva M. (2001). The effect of supplementing sheep with Ropadiar on digestibility and fermentation in the rumen. Zhivotnov. Dni. Nuki. 3, 152-154.
Liu D.Y., He S.J., Liu S.Q., Tang Y.G., Jin E.H., Chen H.L., Li S.H. and Zhong L.T. (2014). Daidzein enhances immune function in late lactation cows under heat stress. Anim. Sci. J. 85, 85-89.
Luna A., Labaque M.C., Zygadlo J.A. and Marin R.H. (2010). Effects of thymol and carvacrol feed supplementation on lipid oxidation in broiler meat. Poult. Sci. 89, 366-370.
Makkar H.P.S., Francis G. and Becker K. (2007). Bioactivity of phytochemicals in some lesser-known plants and their effects and potential applications in livestock and aquaculture production systems. Anim. 1, 1371-1391.
McEwan N.R., Graham R.C., Wallace R.J., Losa R., Williams P. and Newbold C.J. (2002). Effect of essential oils on ammonia production by rumen microbes. Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 42, 62-73.
Mertens D.R. (2009). Impact of NDF content and digestibility on dairy cow performance. WCDS Adv. Dairy Technol. 21, 191-201.
Moradpour Z., Khodaeimotlagh M., Kazemi M. and Khaltabadifarahani A.H. (2018). The effect of thyme powder on immune parameters in male lambs Farahani. J. Anim. Environ. Res. 10, 53-58.
Muller R.F., Berger B. and Yegen O. (1995). Chemical composition and fungi toxic properties to phytopathogenic fungi of essential oils of selected aromatic plants growing wild in Turkey. J. Agric. Food Chem. 43, 2262-2266.
Namkung H., Li M., Gong J., Yu H., Cottrill M. and de Lange C.F.M. (2004). Impact of feeding blends of organic acids and herbal extracts on growth performance, gut microbiota and digestive function in newly weaned pigs. Canadian J. Anim. Sci. 84, 697-704.
Nieto G., Bañón S. and Garrido M.D. (2011). Effect of supplementing ewes diet with thyme (Thymus zygis ssp. gracilis) leaves on the lipid oxidation of cooked lamb meat. Food Chem. 125, 1147-1152.
Nieto G., Bañón S. and Garrido M.D. (2012). Incorporation of thyme leaves in the diet of pregnant and lactating ewes: effect on the fatty acid profile of lamb. Small Rumin. Res. 105, 140-147.
NRC. (2007). Nutrient Requirements of Sheep. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.
Ogimoto K. and Imai S. (1981). Atlas of Rumen Microbiology. Japan Scientific Societies Press, Tokyo, Japan.
Opara E.I. and Chohan M. (2014). Culinary herbs and spices: Their boactive properties, the contribution of polyphenols and the challenges in deducing their true health benefits. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 15, 19183-19202.
Patra A.K. and Yu Z. (2012). Effects of essential oils on methane production and fermentation by, and abundance and diversity of, rumen microbial populations. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 78, 4271-4280.
Patra A.K., Kamra D.N. and Agarwal N. (2006). Effect of spices on rumen fermentation, methanogenesis and protozoa counts in in vitro gas production test. Int. Congr. Ser. 1293, 176-179.
Payvastegan S., Farhoomand P., Talatapeh A. and Sahraei M. (2013). The effects of different levels of summer savory (Satureja hortensis) dry powder and essential oil on performance, ruminal fermentation and blood metabolites of west Azerbaijan native kids. Anim. Sci. J. 105, 53-66.
Raina A.P. and Negi K.C. (2012). Essential oil composition of Origanum majorana and Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum growing in India. Chem. Nat. Comp. 47, 1015-1017.
Redoy M.R.A., Shuvo A.A.S., Cheng L. and Al-Mamun M. (2020). Effect of herbal supplementation on growth, immunity, rumen histology, serum antioxidants and meat quality of sheep. Animal. 14(11), 2433-2441.
Rivaroli D.C., Guerrero A., Velandia Valero M., Zawadzki F., Eiras C.E., Del Mar Campo M., Sañudo C., Jorge A.M. and Nunes do Prado I. (2016). Effect of essential oils on meat and fat qualities of crossbred young bulls finished in feedlots. Meat Sci. 121, 278-284.
Ruiz Garcia I.J., Orozco Hernandez J.R., Hernandez Ibara J.N., Oritz Munoz E.P., Gortes Garcia G. and Olmedo Sanchez J.A. (2011). Effect of a herbal growth enhancer feed additive on lamb performance. J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 10(3), 332-333.
Saeedi S., Dayani O., Khezri A. and Tahmasbi R. (2016). The effect of using fennel powder in starter diets on performance, immunity system and biometric parameters of Holstein calves. Iranian J. Anim. Sci. 46, 371-378.
SAS Institute. (2005). SAS®/STAT Software, Release 9.1. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC. USA.
Shuvo A.A.S., Redoy M.R.A. and Al-Mamun M. (2017). Effect of herbal supplementation to TMR diet on lipid profile of blood and meat in sheep. Pp. 2106-2111 in Proc. 8th Int. Sci. Agric. Symp. Jahorina, Bosnia-Herzegovina.
Simitzis P.E., Deligeorgis S.G., Bizelis J.A., Dardamani A., Theodosiou I. and Fegeros K. (2008). Effect of dietary oregano oil supplementation on lamb meat characteristics. Meat Sci. 79, 217-223.
Talebzadeh R., Alipour D., Saharkhiz M.J., Azarfar A. and Malecky M. (2012). Effect of essential oils of Zataria multiflora on in vitro rumen fermentation, protozoal population, growth and enzyme activity of anaerobic fungus isolated from Mehraban sheep. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 172, 115-124.
Tarladgis B.G., Watts B.M., Younatan M.T. and Dudan L.J. (1960). A distillation method for the quantitative determination of malonaldehyde in rancid foods. J. American Oil Chem. Soc. 37, 44-48.
Tekippe J.A., Hristov A.N., Heyler K.S., Cassidy T.W., Zheljazkov V.D., Ferreira J.F.S., Karnati S.K. and Varga G.A. (2011). Rumen fermentation and production effects of Origanum vulgare L. in lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 94, 5065-5079.
Van Keulen J.V. and Young B.A. (1977). Evaluation of acid insoluble ash as a natural marker in ruminant digestibility studies. J. Anim. Sci. 44, 282-287.
Van Soest P.J., Robertson J.B. and Lewis B.A. (1991). Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74, 3583-3597.
Wallace R.J., McEwan N.R., McIntosh F.M., Teferedegne B. and Newbold C.J. (2002). Natural products as manipulators of rumen fermentation. Asian-Australasian J. Anim. Sci. 15, 1458-1468.
Williams A.G. and Coleman G.S. (1992). The Rumen Protozoa. Springer-Verlag, London, United Kingdom.
Yang W.Z., Ametaj B.N., He M.L., Benchaar C. and Beauchemin K.A. (2010). Cinnamaldehyde in feedlot cattle diet: Intake, growth performance, carcass characteristics, and blood metabolites. J. Anim. Sci. 88, 1082-1092.
Zamiri J., Azizabadi E., Momeni Z., Rezvani M., Atashi H. and Akhlaghi A. (2015). Effect of thymol and carvacrol on nutrient digestibility in rams fed high or low concentrate diets. Iranian J. Vet. Res. 16, 335-340.
Zare Mehrjerdi F., Niknazar S. and Shahrokhi Racini A. (2018). The effect of carvacrol on blood pressure and blood cell number in lead-exposed rats. Iranian J. Med. Aromatic Plants. 34, 457-465.
