Effect of Tomato Waste Meal on Lay Performance, Egg Quality, Lipid Profile and Carotene Content of Eggs in Laying Hens
محورهای موضوعی : CamelM. Habanabashaka 1 , M. Sengabo 2 , I.O. Oladunjoye 3
1 - Department of Animal Production, National University of Rwanda, University Avenue, Butare, Rwanda
2 - Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, National University of Rwanda, University Avenue, Butare, Rwanda
3 - Department of Animal Production, National University of Rwanda, University Avenue, Butare, Rwanda
کلید واژه: egg weight, fen-day production, haugh unit, yolk cholesterol, yolk lycopene,
چکیده مقاله :
An eight week study was conducted to investigate the effect of inclusion of tomato waste meal in layer diets on laying performance, egg quality and lipid profile as a means to reduce feed cost and pollution. Four laying diets containing tomato waste meal (TWM) at four levels of 0, 3, 6 or 9% were assigned randomly to 4 groups of 40 birds divided among four replicates of 10 birds in each dietary treatment in a completely randomized experimental design. Collected on egg production, egg quality, yolk lipid profile and its carotenoid content which were analyzed byanalysis of variance using the general linear model procedure of SAS. Statistical results showed no differences in hen-day production at either 0, 3 or 6% inclusion level (68.30%, 67.80% and 68.10% respectively) but at the 9% (63.45% hen-day production) of inclusion level a significant (P<0.05) decrease was observed. Feed conversion ratio was significantly higher at the 9% inclusion level. Egg weight, Haugh unit and yolk index were not affected by dietary treatments. Yolk colour increased significantly with increasing levels of TWM in the diets. Yolk lipids (including cholesterol) were at the lowest amounts at 6% and 9% inclusion level. Yolk carotenoid content (including lycopene) of the birds that were fed diets containing TWM was significantly increased with increasing dietary content of TWM. It was concluded that up to 6% TWM can be included in layer diets without any adverse effect on egg quality and compromising egg production rate. This inclusion level also showed to be beneficial via enhancing yolk colour score and lycopene concentration and reducing egg yolk cholesterol content.
این مطالعه در طی 8 هفته و برای بررسی اثرات استفاده از پودر ضایعات گوجه فرنگی در جیره مرغان تخمگذار روی عملکرد تخمگذاری، کیفیت تخم مرغ و پروفایل لیپید تخم مرغ و همچنین برای کاهش هزینه خوراک و تولید انجام شد. چهار جیره تخمگذاری حاوی پودر ضایعات گوجه فرنگی در چهار سطح 0، 3، 6 و 9 درصد به طور تصادفی به چهار گروه 40 قطعه‌ای از مرغان در یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی اختصاص یافتند. هر تیمار شامل چهار تکرار و هر تکرار شامل 10 قطعه مرغ بود. داده‌های جمع‌آوری شده توسط رویه GLM بسته نرم‌افزاری SASآنالیز شدند. نتایج تفاوت معنی‌داری برای سطوح 0، 3 و 6 درصد از پودر ضایعات در مورد تولید تخم‌مرغ، پروفایل لیپید زرده و محتوای کاروتن آن نشان نداد (به ترتیب 30/68، 80/67 و 10/68 درصد) اما در سطح 9 درصد استفاده از پودر ضایعات کاهش معنی‌دار در این تولید (45/63 درصد تولید روز مرغ) مشاهده شد. ضریب تبدیل خوراک در سطح 9 درصد به طور معنی‌داری بالاتر بود. وزن تخم‌مرغ، واحد‌هاو و شاخص زرده توسط تیمار‌های جیره‌ای تأثیر نپذیرفتند. رنگ زرده به طور معنی‌داری با افزایش سطح ضایعات در جیره‌ها افزایش یافت. محتوای لیپیدزرده (از جمله کلسترول) در کمترین مقدار در سطوح 6 و 9 درصد بود. محتوای کاروتنوئید زرده (از جمله لیکوپن) در مرغان تغذیه شده با پودر ضایعات به طور معنی‌داری با افزایش محتوای ضایعات افزایش یافت. نتیجه این‌که، استفاده از پودر ضایعات گوجه فرنگی تا سطح 6 درصد می‌تواند بدون اثر سوء روی کیفیت تخم مرغ و میزان تولید تخم مرغ در جیره مرغان تخمگذار استفاده شود. این سطح از پودر ضایعات همچنین نشان داد که از طریق افزایش شاخص رنگ زرده و غلظلت لیکوپن و همچنین کاهش محتوای کلسترول زرده تخم‌مرغ می‌تواند مفید نیز باشد.
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