The Effects of in ovo Administration of Glutamine on Hatchability, Subsequent Performance, Digestive Enzyme Activities, Immune Response and some of Blood Parameter in Broiler Chickens
محورهای موضوعی : Camel
م. سلمان‌زاده
1
(Departments of Animal Science, Shabestar branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran)
ی. ابراهیم‌نژاد
2
(گروه علوم دامی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شبستر)
ح. اقدم شهریار
3
(Departments of Animal Science, Shabestar branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran)
ج. قیاسی قلعه‌کندی
4
(Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Shabestar branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran)
کلید واژه: immune response, poultry, glutamine, <i>in ovo</i>, gastrointestinal enzyme, perfor-mance,
چکیده مقاله :
An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of in ovo feeding (IOF) of glutamine (Gln) on hatching traits, growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, immune response and some of blood parameters in broiler chickens. For this study, 2100 eggs were obtained from 43-wk-old hens. L-glutamine (10, 20, 30, 40 or 50 mg dissolved in 0.5 mL of deionized water) was injected into the albumen on the 14th day of incubation. Hatchability, growth performance, digestive enzyme activities (amylase and lipase), immune response and blood parameters (glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), total protein, alkaline phosphatase (ALP)) were determined during this experiment. Weight of newly-hatched chicks was significantly greater in groups with Gln injection than in control and sham groups. But IOF caused lower hatchability (13.1% than in the control group (not-injection eggs) (p < em><0.05). Chickens from IOF of Gln showed better weight gain and feed conversion ratio (0-42 day of age) when compared to chicks hatched from the control and sham group. The IOF of the Gln significantly increased glucose concentration, number of the lymphocytes and heterophil and the weight of spleen and bursa of fabricius in newly hatched chicks. In addition, immunoglobulins G and M were also markedly increased in chickens treated in ovo with 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg of Gln at 26 days of age. It was concluded that the IOF of the Gln in all doses improved the immune response of broilers and the growth performance of broilers.
این آزمایش برای بررسی اثرات تزریق داخل تخم مرغی گلوتامین بر صفات جوجه درآوری، عملکرد رشد، فعالیت‌های آنزیمی دستگاه گوارش، پاسخ سیستم ایمنی و برخی فراسنجه‌های خونی جوجه‌های گوشتی انجام شد. برای این مطالعه، 2100 عدد تخم مرغ از گله 43 هفتگی تهیه شد. ال-گلوتامین (10، 20، 30، 40 و 50 میلی‌گرم محلول در 0.5 میلی‌لیتر آب دیونیزه) در روز چهاردهم انکوباسیون در داخل آلبومین تزریق شد. جوجه درآوری، عملکرد رشد، فعالیت‌های آنزیمی دستگاه گوارش (آمیلاز و لیپاز)، پاسخ سیستم ایمنی و فراسنجه‌های خونی (گلوکز، کلسترول، تری‌گلیسیرید، HDL، LDL، پروتیین کل و آلکالین فسفاتاز) در طول آزمایش مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. وزن جوجه‌های تازه تفریخ شده در گروه تزریق­ شده با گلوتامین نسبت به گروه‌های شاهد به طور معنی‌داری افزایش یافت. اما تزریق داخل تخم ­مرغی باعث کاهش جوجه درآوری (13.1 درصد نسبت به گروه تخم مرغ‌های بدون تزریق) شد (0.05>P). جوجه‌های حاصل از تزریق داخل تخم ­مرغی گلوتامین افزایش وزن بدن و ضریب تبدیل غذایی بهتری را نسبت به گروه‌های شاهد نشان دادند (در سن 42-0 روزگی). تزریق داخل تخم ­مرغی گلوتامین غلظت گلوکز، درصد لنفوسیت و هتروفیل و وزن طحال و بورس فابریسیوس در جوجه‌های تازه تفریخ شده را به طور معنی‌داری افزایش داد. به علاوه، ایمنوگلوبولین‌های G و Mدر جوجه‌های تیمار شده با 20، 30، 40 و 50 میلی‌گرم گلوتامین در سن 26 روزگی جوجه‌های گوشتی به طور معنی‌داری افزایش داشت. در نتیجه، تزریق داخل تخم ­مرغی سطوح مختلف گلوتامین پاسخ سیستم ایمنی و عملکرد رشد جوجه‌های گوشتی را بهبود داد.
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