Chemical Composition, Fatty Acids Profile and Biological Evaluation of Tannins of Selected Date Seeds Grown in Iran
محورهای موضوعی : Camelآ. رضایی‌نیا 1 , ع.ع. ناصریان 2 , ا. مختارپور 3
1 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 - Research Center of Special Domestic Animals, Research Institute at University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
کلید واژه: gas production, Fatty Acids, date seed, phenolics,
چکیده مقاله :
This study was conducted to evaluate the chemical composition and fatty acids profile of six predominant date seed cultivars grown in Iran including Barhi, Estamaran, Mazafati, Khasi, Kharak and Zahedi and the biological effects of their tannins based on in vitro gas production. Organic matter digestibility (OMD), metabolizable energy (ME) and concentration of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) were estimated after 24 h of incubation without or with inclusion of polyethylene glycol (PEG). Results showed that date seeds of all cultivars contained high amount of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), ether extract (EE) and total phenolics (TP), which ranged from 689 to 782, 82 to 118 and 41 to 110 g/kg DM, respectively. However, they had low levels of crude protein (CP) (50 to 69 g/kg DM) and ash (10 to 26 g/kg DM). Gas chromatography revealed that the major unsaturated fatty acid was oleic acid (40.13 to 46.35 g/100 g fatty acids), while the main saturated fatty acid was lauric acid (20.96 to 26.25 g/100 g fatty acids). Except for Estamaran, all cultivars had low OMD (
این مطالعه به منظور بررسی ترکیب شیمیایی و پروفایل اسیدهای چرب هستههای شش واریته غالب خرما پرورش یافته در ایران شامل برهی، استعمران، مضافتی، خاصی، خرک و زاهدی و اثرات زیستی تانن آنها به صورت تولید گاز در شرایط برون تنی انجام گرفت. قابلیت هضم ماده آلی (OMD)، انرژی قابل متابولیسم (ME) و غلظت اسیدهای چرب کوتاه زنجیر (SCFA) پس از 24 ساعت کشت با و بدون استفاده از پلی اتیلن گلیکول (PEG) تخمین زده شدند. نتایج نشان داد که تمام واریتههای هسته خرما حاوی مقادیر بالای فیبر نامحلول در شوینده خنثی (NDF)، عصاره اتری و کل ترکیبات فنولی بودند که دامنه تغییر آنها به ترتیب برابر با 689 تا 782، 82 تا 118 و 41 تا 110 گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک بود. ولی، دارای سطوح پایین پروتئین خام (50 تا 69 گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک) و خاکستر (10 تا 26 گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک) بودند. کروماتوگرافی گازی نشان داد که اسید چرب غیر اشباع اصلی اسید اولئیک (13/40 تا 35/46 گرم در 100 گرم اسید چرب) بود، درحالی که اسید چرب اشباع اصلی اسید لوریک (96/20 تا 25/26 گرم در 100 گرم اسید چرب) بود. بجز استعمران، همه واریتهها دارای OMD (کمتر از 334 گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک) و ME (کمتر از 1/4 مگاژول در کیلوگرم ماده خشک) پایین بودند. استفاده از PEG حجم گاز تولیدی، OMD، ME و SCFA را افزایش داد (05/0P<) که نشان دهنده اثر ممانعت کنندگی تاننهای هسته خرما بر تخمیر میکروبی است. کل تانن با ارزش تغذیهای (OMD و ME) هستههای خرما همبستگی منفی داشت. میتوان نتیجهگیری کرد که با وجود قابلیت هضم و انرژی قابل متابولیسم پایین، هسته خرما بدلیل وجود مقادیر زیاد کربوهیدرات ساختمانی و عصاره اتری ممکن است به عنوان منبع دیگری از خوراک تلقی گردد.
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