Evaluation of Chemical Characteristics and Effects of Different Manganese Sources on Kinetics of Manganese Absorption and Performance of Broiler Chickens
محورهای موضوعی : Camelف. خاکپور ایرانی 1 , ح. جانمحمدی 2 , ر. کیانفر 3 , م. صحرائی 4
1 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
4 - Department of Animal Science, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ardabil, Iran
کلید واژه: absorption, Broiler, bioavailability, chemical characteristics, everted gut sac,
چکیده مقاله :
Three experiments wereconducted to evaluate chemical characteristics, intestinal absorption and bioavailability of manganese(Mn)from organic, inorganic and nano sources of Mn. In experiment 1, inorganic sources of Mn including Mn-sulphate and Mn-oxide, organic sources of Mn as Mn-glycinate and Mn-bioplex and FRA® easy dry Mn as a nano source of Mn were subjected to elemental analysis and solubility in deionized water, 0.4% hydrochloric acid, 2% citric acid and neutral ammonium citrate. In the experiment 2, intestinal absorption of Mn from these sources was investigated by in vitro everted gut sacs technique in broiler chicks. In the experiment 3, the bioavailability of Mn-sulphate, Mn-Glycinate and FRA® easy dry Mn was determined in chicks fed a corn-soybean meal-basal diet that was supplemented with 0, 40, 100, and 160 mg of Mn from these sources per kg of diet based on body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) for 21 days from d 7 to 28. The results showed Mn-sulfate dissolved completely in all solvents. The solubility of all Mn sources was the lowest and the highest in deionized water and neutral ammonium citrate, respectively. The uptake percentages of Mn as nano Mn and Mn-oxide were significantly the highest and the lowest by duodenal and jejunal sacs, respectively. Mn as either Mn-Glycinate or nano Mn was absorbed more efficiently than Mn from other sources by ileal sacs. Amoung organic and inorganic sources, Mn-Glycinate and Mn-sulfate had the higher Mn absorption, respectively. BWG, FI and FCR did not affect by either Mn level or source. We concluded that ileum was the main site of Mn absorption for broilers and among different Mn sources, Mn-Glycinate and nano Mn had the highest Mn absorption. Furthermore, growth was not appropriate criteria to assess bioavailability of different Mn sources.
سه آزمایش برای ارزیابی خصوصیات شیمیایی، جذب رودهای و زیستفراهمی منابع مختلف آلی، غیر آلی و نانو‌منگنز انجام شد. در آزمایش 1، منابع غیر آلی منگنز شامل سولفات منگنز و اکسید منگنز، منابع آلی شامل منگنز-گلایسینات و بایوپلکس منگنز و FRA® easy dry Mn به عنوان منبع نانو منگنز تحت آنالیز مواد معدنی و حلالیت در آب مقطر دوبار تقطیر شده، هیدروکلریدریک اسید 4/0 درصد، اسید سیتریک 2 درصد و آمونیوم سیترات خنثی قرار گرفت. در آزمایش 2، جذب رودهای منگنز از این منابع با تکنیک آزمایشگاهی (in vitro) قطعات وارونه شده روده مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در آزمایش 3، زیستفراهمی سولفات منگنز، منگنز-گلایسینات و FRA® easy dry Mn در جوجههای تغذیه شده با جیرههایی بر پایه ذرت-کنجاله سویا که با سطوح 0، 40، 100 و 160 میلیگرم منگنز در کیلوگرم جیره از این منابع مکملسازی شده بودند، بر اساس افزایش وزن بدن، مصرف خوراک و ضریب تبدیل خوراک به مدت 21 روز (از روز 7 تا 28) تعیین شد. نتایج نشان داد سولفات منگنز به طور کامل در تمامی حلالها حل شد. حلالیت تمام منابع منگنز در آب مقطر دوبار تقطیر شده و آمونیوم سیترات خنثی به ترتیب کمترین و بیشترین مقدار بود. درصد جذب منگنز از منابع نانو منگنز و اکسید منگنز در قطعات دئودنوم و ژوژنوم به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین مقدار بود. منگنز-گلایسینات و نانو منگنز نسبت به سایر منابع منگنز جذب کارآمدتری در قطعات ایلئومی داشتند. در بین منابع آلی و غیر آلی منگنز، منگنز-گلایسینات و سولفات منگنز به ترتیب بیشترین میزان جذب را داشتند. افزایش وزن بدن، مصرف خوراک و ضریب تبدیل خوراک تحت تأثیر سطح یا منبع منگنز قرار نگرفت. ما نتیجه گرفتیم که محل اصلی جذب منگنز در جوجههای گوشتی ایلئوم بود و در میان منابع مختلف منگنز، منگنز-گلایسینات و نانو منگنز دارای بیشترین میزان جذب بودند. علاوه بر این، رشد معیار مناسبی برای ارزیابی زیستفراهمی منابع مختلف منگنز نبود.
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