Comparison of the Fatty Acid Composition of the Longissimus Dorsi Muscle of Kids, Lambs and Calves Produced under Iranian Transhumant Production System
محورهای موضوعی : Camel
ع. کیانی
1
,
م.ه. قارونی
2
,
ر. شریعتی
3
1 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
2 - Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
3 - Research and Development Section, Garrin Dam Simorg, Khorramabd, Iran
کلید واژه: ruminants, omega-3, red meat, transhumant pastoralists,
چکیده مقاله :
Transhumant production system (TPS) is a type of extensive livestock production practiced by transhumant pastoralists in which indigenous livestock breeds are mainly fed a pasture-based diet. The hypothesis tested in this work was whether differences existed between fat samples from the different species in respect to ratios of n-6/n-3, and polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids. To test our hypothesis, fatty acids (FAs) composition of the longissimus dorsi muscle of kids (n=10), fat-tailed lambs (n=10), and calves (n=10) produced in a pasture-based system were determined. All animals were indigenous intact male and randomly selected from nomads in the Zagros mountains (Noorabad, Lorestan province). The live body weight of kids, lambs and calves were 21 ± 6, 27 ± 4, and 158 ± 35 kg respectively. Meat samples were analyzed either without (lean meat) or mixed with 30% of sirloin subcutaneous fat (fat meat). Results showed that saturated FAs (as percentage) in kids meat was lower than those in lambs and calves (41.4 vs. 46.2 and 47.4% P=0.02). Kid meat had higher α-linolenic (C18:3 n-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5 n-3), docosapentaenoic acid (C22:5 n-3), but lower undesirable FAs (C16:0+C14:0) and n-6/n-3 ratio in comparison with lambs and calves. In conclusion, goat meat produced under TPS conditions, compared with lambs and calves, showed more promising healthy source of FAs for human nutrition.
سیستم عشایری نوعی از پرورش دام است که توسط عشایر ایران انجام می‌شود که در آن دام‌های بومی با استفاده از مراتع تغذیه می‌شوند. فرضیه آزمایش شده در پژوهش این بود که آیا بین اسیدهای چرب گوشت سه گونه دامی بویژه از لحاظ نسبت اسیدهای امگا-3 به امگا-6 و نسبت اسیدهای چرب چند غیر اشباع به اشباع تفاوتی وجود دارد. بدین منظور، اسیدهای چرب عضله راسته بزغاله (10 رآس)، بره دنبه دار (10 رأس)، و گوساله (10 رأس) های بومی منطقه که در مراتع طبیعی زاگرس (نورآباد، استان لرستان) تغذیه کردند، تعیین شد. وزن زنده بزغاله‌ها، بره‌ها و گوساله‌ها به ترتیب 6 ± 21، 4 ± 27 و 35 ± 158 کیلوگرم بود. پروفیل اسیدهای چرب نمونه‌های گوشت به دو صورت بدون چربی (لخم) و یا مخلوط با 30 درصد چربی زیرجلدی (چرب) تعیین شد. نتایج نشان داد، که گوشت بزغاله دارای اسیدهای چرب اشباع کمتری نسبت به گوشت بره و گوشت گوساله بود (1/41 در مقابل 2/46 و 4/47 درصد، 02/0=P). گوشت بزغاله دارای مقدار بیشتری اسید آلفا-لینولنیک (C18:3 n-3)، اسید ایکوزانوئیک (C20:5 n-3)، اسید دوکوزانوئیک (C22:5 n-3)، مقدار کمتری اسیدهای چرب ناسالم (اسید پالمیتیک+اسید میریستیک) و نسبت پایینتری از اسیدهای امگا-3 به امگا-6 در مقایسه با گوشت بره و گوشت گوساله بود. در نتیجه، گوشت بزغاله تولید شده در شرایط عشایری در مقایسه با گوشت بره و گوشت گوساله برای تغذیه انسانی حاوی پروفیل اسیدهای چرب سالمتری بود.
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