Assessment of Renewable and Non Renewable Energy Use in Dairy Farms with Different Herd Sizes in Iran
محورهای موضوعی : Camelد. زحمتکش 1 , م. زینالی 2 , ح. میرزایی الموتی 3 , ا. محجوبی 4 , پ. سفیدپری 5
1 - دانشگاه زنجان گروه علوم دامی
2 - Department of Animal Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
4 - Department of Animal Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
5 - Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
کلید واژه: energy, dairy farms, energy productivity, herd size, non renewable energy,
چکیده مقاله :
The aim of this study was to compare energy consumption in dairy farms with different sizes. Sources of energy include non renewable sources such as fossil fuel, and electricity and renewable sources such as forage, concentrate, machinery, labor, and water. The required data were collected from 42 dairy farms in Tehran province, Iran and were analyzed to assess energy consumption based on different herd sizes. In this study, the average consumption of non-renewable energy in small, medium, and large dairy farms per kg fat and protein corrected milk were respectively 5.95 MJ kg-1, 3.39 MJ kg-1 and 1.71 MJ kg-1 (P<0.0002). The largest share of energy consumption in all dairy farms was related to feed; 81.49%, 84.37% and 88.62% for small, medium, and large dairy farms, respectively (P<0.0002). Also, energy ratio for small, medium, and large dairy farms were calculated as 0.11, 0.16 and 0.23, respectively (P<0.0001). Likewise, energy productivity in small, medium, and large dairy farms was 0.033 kg MJ-1, 0.047 kg MJ-1 and 0.068 kg MJ-1, respectively (P<0.0001). The less non-renewable energy use per kg fat and protein corrected milk in large dairy farms would lead to reduce pollution and protect the environment which in turn cause to a sustainable and more efficient production system.
هدف از این مطالعه، مقایسه مصرف انرژی در واحدهای پرورش گاو شیری با اندازههای متفاوت بود. منابع انرژی عبارتند از منابع تجدید‌ناپذیر مانند سوخت فسیلی و برق و منابع تجدید‌پذیر مانند علوفه، کنسانتره، ماشین آلات، نیروی انسانی و آب. داده‌های مورد نیاز از 43 واحد پرورش گاو شیری در استان تهران جمعآوری شد و برای ارزیابی مصرف انرژی بر اساس اندازه گلههای متفاوت مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. در این مطالعه، متوسط مصرف انرژی تجدید‌ناپذیر در واحدهای پرورش گاو شیری کوچک، متوسط و بزرگ برحسب کیلوگرم شیر چربی و پروتئین تصحیح شده به ترتیب 95/5، 39/3 و 71/1 مگاژول در کیلوگرم بود (0002/0P<). بزرگترین سهم انرژی مصرفی در تمام واحدهای پرورش گاو شیری مربوط به خوراک بود؛ 49/81، 37/84 و 62/88 درصد برای واحدهای پرورش گاو شیری کوچک، متوسط و بزرگ بود (0002/0P<). همچنین، نسبت انرژی برای واحدهای کوچک، متوسط و بزرگ به ترتیب به ترتیب 11/0، 61/0 و 23/0 محاسبه شد (0001/0P<). به همین ترتیب، بهرهوری انرژی در واحدهای کوچک، متوسط و بزرگ به ترتیب 033/0، 047/0 و 068/0 کیلوگرم به ازای مگاژول بود (0001/0P<). استفاده کمتر از انرژی تجدید‌ناپذیر به ازای هر کیلوگرم شیر چربی و پروتئین تصحیح شده در واحدهای بزرگ منجر به کاهش آلودگی و حفاظت از محیط زیست میشود که به نوبه خود سبب ایجاد یک سیستم تولید پایدار و کارآمد میگردد.
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