In vitro Utilizable Crude Protein at the Duodenum of Dairy Cows of Various Ecotypes of Kochia scoparia Fertilized with Nitrogen
محورهای موضوعی : Camel
ج. فلاحتی زو
1
,
م. دانش مسگران
2
,
ع.ر. وکیلی
3
,
م. کافی
4
,
م.د. استرن
5
1 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 - گروه علوم دامی-دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد-مشهد-ایران
3 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
4 - Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
5 - Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Science, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, USA
کلید واژه: fermentability, metabolizable protein, forage cut, <i>Kochia scoparia</i>,
چکیده مقاله :
The aim of this study was to determine possible differences between first cut and second cut forage of Birjand ecotype of Kochia scoparia for chemical composition and fermentability, and to evaluate the changes may be induced by N fertilization in chemical composition, fermentability, and utilizable crude protein (uCP) supply at the duodenum of dairy cows of Sabzevar ecotype of Kochia. Birjand ecotype was sampled in mid bloom and Sabzevar ecotype was sampled in first bloom stage of maturity. Different in vitro gas production methods were used to determine gas production kinetics and uCP and effective uCP (EuCP) supply of the forage samples. Results of the first experiment showed that there is no significant difference between first cut and second cut forage of Kochia scoparia for gas production kinetics (P>0.05), but significantly lower content (g/kg DM basis) of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (451.1) and hemicellulose (233.7) and higher content of CP (100.1) and ash (133.4) were observed in the first cut than those of the second cut plants (P<0.01). The results of second experiment indicated that the application of moderate levels of the N fertilizer (115 kg N/hectare) on Sabzevar stands of Kochia scoparia induced considerable changes in chemical composition, fermentability, and protein degradability of forge, so that, dry matter (DM), NDF, and hemicellulose declined and CP and ash content of forage increased (P<0.05). Moreover, the gas production kinetics decreased and supplied amounts of uCP and EuCP increased in association with increase in CP and true protein content (P<0.05).
هدف از انجام این مطالعه تعیین تفاوت‌های احتمالی در ترکیب شیمیایی و تخمیرپذیری علوفه حاصل از بوم جور بیرجند گیاه کوشیا اسکوپاریا (Kochia scoparia) در چین‌های اول و دوم بود. همچنین این مطالعه با هدف تعیین اثرات کود نیتروژنه بر ترکیب شیمیایی، تخمیرپذیری و قابلیت تأمین پروتئین خام قابل استفاده (در محل دوازدهه گاوهای شیری) بوم جور سبزوار گیاه کوشیا اسکوپاریا انجام شد. نمونه‌های بوم جور بیرجند در اواسط گل دهی و نمونه‌های بوم جور سبزوار بلافاصله در شروع گلدهی برداشت شدند. برای ارزیابی نمونه‌های علوفه از لحاظ فراسنجه‌های تخمیرپذیری و تعیین میزان مطلق و مؤثر تأمین پروتئین خام در محل دوازدهه گاوهای شیری از دستورالعمل‌های متفاوت روش برون‌تنی تولیدگاز استفاده شد. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که کوشیای بیرجند برداشت شده در چین‌های اول و دوم از لحاظ فراسنجه‌های تولیدگاز تفاوت معنی‌داری با هم ندارند (05/0<P)، اما در مقایسه با چین دوم، به طور معنی‌داری مقدار (g/kg DM) الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی (1/451) و همی سلوز (7/233) علوفه چین اول پایین‌تر و مقدار پروتئین (1/100) و خاکستر (4/134) آن بالاتر بود (01/0P<). نتایج آزمایش دوم نشان داد که کاربرد مقادیر متوسطی از کود شیمیایی نیتروژنه (115 کیلو‌گرم نیتروژن در هکتار) قادر است تا تغییرات قابل ملاحظه‌ای را در ترکیب شیمیایی، تخمیرپذیری و تجزیه‌پذیری شکمبه‌ای پروتئین علوفه کوشیای بوم جور سبزوار ایجاد کند، به طوریکه در نتیجه کوددهی، محتوای ماده خشک و الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی علوفه کاهش و محتوای خاکستر و پروتئین خام آن افزایش یافت (05/0P<). افزون بر این در نتیجه کوددهی، فراسنجه‌های تخمیرپذیری علوفه کاهش یافتند و تأمین مقادیر مطلق و مؤثر پروتئین خام قابل استفاده در محل دوازدهه افزایش یافت که این افزایش با افزایش در محتوای پروتئین خام و پروتئین حقیقی علوفه کوددهی شده در ارتباط بود (05/0P<).
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