برآورد برون‌تنی پروتئین خام قابل استفاده در محل دوازدهه گاوهای شیری حاصل از بوم جورهای مختلف گیاه کوشیا اسکوپاریا در شرایط کودهی با کود نیتروژنه
Subject Areas : Camel
ج. فلاحتی زو
1
(
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
)
م. دانش مسگران
2
(
گروه علوم دامی-دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد-مشهد-ایران
)
ع.ر. وکیلی
3
(
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
)
م. کافی
4
(
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
)
م.د. استرن
5
(
Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Science, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, USA
)
Keywords: پروتئین قابل متابولیسم, تخمیرپذیری, چین علوفه, کوشیا اسکوپاریا,
Abstract :
هدف از انجام این مطالعه تعیین تفاوت‌های احتمالی در ترکیب شیمیایی و تخمیرپذیری علوفه حاصل از بوم جور بیرجند گیاه کوشیا اسکوپاریا (Kochia scoparia) در چین‌های اول و دوم بود. همچنین این مطالعه با هدف تعیین اثرات کود نیتروژنه بر ترکیب شیمیایی، تخمیرپذیری و قابلیت تأمین پروتئین خام قابل استفاده (در محل دوازدهه گاوهای شیری) بوم جور سبزوار گیاه کوشیا اسکوپاریا انجام شد. نمونه‌های بوم جور بیرجند در اواسط گل دهی و نمونه‌های بوم جور سبزوار بلافاصله در شروع گلدهی برداشت شدند. برای ارزیابی نمونه‌های علوفه از لحاظ فراسنجه‌های تخمیرپذیری و تعیین میزان مطلق و مؤثر تأمین پروتئین خام در محل دوازدهه گاوهای شیری از دستورالعمل‌های متفاوت روش برون‌تنی تولیدگاز استفاده شد. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که کوشیای بیرجند برداشت شده در چین‌های اول و دوم از لحاظ فراسنجه‌های تولیدگاز تفاوت معنی‌داری با هم ندارند (05/0<P)، اما در مقایسه با چین دوم، به طور معنی‌داری مقدار (g/kg DM) الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی (1/451) و همی سلوز (7/233) علوفه چین اول پایین‌تر و مقدار پروتئین (1/100) و خاکستر (4/134) آن بالاتر بود (01/0P<). نتایج آزمایش دوم نشان داد که کاربرد مقادیر متوسطی از کود شیمیایی نیتروژنه (115 کیلو‌گرم نیتروژن در هکتار) قادر است تا تغییرات قابل ملاحظه‌ای را در ترکیب شیمیایی، تخمیرپذیری و تجزیه‌پذیری شکمبه‌ای پروتئین علوفه کوشیای بوم جور سبزوار ایجاد کند، به طوریکه در نتیجه کوددهی، محتوای ماده خشک و الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی علوفه کاهش و محتوای خاکستر و پروتئین خام آن افزایش یافت (05/0P<). افزون بر این در نتیجه کوددهی، فراسنجه‌های تخمیرپذیری علوفه کاهش یافتند و تأمین مقادیر مطلق و مؤثر پروتئین خام قابل استفاده در محل دوازدهه افزایش یافت که این افزایش با افزایش در محتوای پروتئین خام و پروتئین حقیقی علوفه کوددهی شده در ارتباط بود (05/0P<).
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