In situ Evaluation of Ruminal Degradability and Intestinal Digestibility of Sunflower Meal Compared to Soybean Meal
محورهای موضوعی : Camel
1 - Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
کلید واژه: sunflower meal, soybean meal, rumen degradability, intestinal digestibility, protein nutritive value,
چکیده مقاله :
The aim of this study was to compare the nutritional value of sunflower meal (SFM) and soybean meal (SBM) protein by determining both its ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility. Three non lactating Jersey cows fitted with a rumen and T-type duodenal cannulas were used to estimate rumen degradability and intestinal digestibility of SFM and SBM dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP). Samples of SFM were collected from seven sunflower processing plants (SFM1 to SFM7). Six different samples of SBM were collected from three main suppliers (SBM1 to SBM6). Both protein feeds were incubated in the rumen of the cows for 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24 and 48 h in 6 replications. The rapidly degradable fraction of DM averaged 24.8% for SFM which was lower (P<0.01) than that observed for SBM (29.2%). The effective DM degradability of SFM (56.2 %/h), at mean rumen outflow rate of 0.06/h, was lower (P<0.01) compared with SBM samples (67.3 %/h). The washable fraction a of CP was higher (P<0.01) for SFM samples (26.3%) in comparison to all batches of SBM (16.5%). The effective degradability of SFM CP (67.7 %/h) at rumen passage rate of 0.06/h was higher (P<0.01) than in SBM (63.0 %/h). The DM intestinal digestibility of SFM samples (42.6%) measured by the mobile bag technique was lower (P<0.01) compared to SBM samples (71.9%). The intestinal digestibility of SFM CP (89.9%) was also lower (P<0.01) than in SBM (94.6%). Results of this study indicate that SBM samples were more resistant to ruminal degradation than SFM. The data suggest that changing the toasting parameters can decrease degradability of SFM to improve protein quality.
هدف از این مطالعه مقایسه ارزش غذایی کنجاله آفتابگردان (SFM) و پروتئین کنجاله سویا (SBM) توسط تعیین هم تجزیه‌پذیری شکمبه‌ای و هم قابل هضم روده‌ی بود. سه گاو غیر شیرده جرسی مجهز به کانولای شکمبه‌ای و نوع T اثنی‌عشری (دئودنال) برای برآورد تجزیه‌پذیری شکمبه‌ای و قابلیت هضم روده‌ای ماده خشک (DM) SFM و SBM و پروتئین خام (CP) استفاده شدند. نمونه‌هایی از SFM از هفت گیاه فرآوری شده آفتابگردان (SFM1 تا SFM7) جمع‌آوری شدند. هر دو خوراک پروتئینی برای ساعت‌های 0، 2، 4، 8، 16، 24 و 48 در شش تکرار در شکمبه گاوها انکوبه شدند. سرعت تجزیه‌پذیری DM به طور متوسط 8/24 درصد برای SFM بود که کمتر از مقدار مشاهده شده برای SBM (2/29 درصد) بود (01/0>P). تجزیه‌پذیری موثر DM برای SFM (2/56 درصد/ساعت)، در میانگین نرخ خروج شکمبه‌ای 06/0/ساعت، پایین‌تر بود (01/0>P) در مقایسه با نمونه‌های SBM (3/67 درصد/ساعت). کسر قابل شستشوی a پروتئین (CP) برای نمونه‌های SFM (3/25 درصد) بشتر بود (01/0>P) در مقایسه با تمامی دسته‌های SBM (5/16 درصد). تجزیه‌پذیری مؤثر پروتئین SFM (7/67 درصد/ساعت) در نرخ عبور شکمبه‌ای 06/0/ساعت بیشتر بود (01/0>P) نسبت به SBM (63 درصد/ساعت). قابلیت هضم روده‌ای DM نمونه‌های SFM (6/42 درصد) اندازه‌گیری شده توسط تکنیک کیسه متحرک (01/0>P) نسبت به نمونه‌های SBM (9/71 درصد) پایین‌تر بود. قابلیت هضم روده‌ای پروتئین SFM (9/89 درصد) همچنین پایین‌تر بود (01/0>P) نسبت به SBM (6/94 درصد). نتایج این مطالعه نشان می‌دهد که نمونه‌های SBM مقاوم‌تر به تجزیه‌پذیری شکمبه‌ای نسبت به SFM بودند. داده‌ها پیشنهاد می‌دهند که تغییر پارامترهای حرارت‌دهی (toasting) می‌تواند تجزیه‌پذیری SFM را برای بهبود کیفیت پروتئین کاهش دهد.
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