Performance Characteristics and Nutritional Comparison of Broiler Chickens Fed with Barley and Triticale Based Diets
محورهای موضوعی : Camel
ع. محرری
1
(
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
)
ا. اسدی
2
(
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
)
ر. رضایی
3
(
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
)
کلید واژه: digestibility, Enzyme, barley, Broiler, growth performance, hulless barley, triticale,
چکیده مقاله :
This study was performed with growing chicken (14 to 56 d of age) to evaluate the effects of feeding them a barley or triticale-based diet. The treatments were corn diet (1) as a control, hulless barley diet with (5) or without (2) enzyme, triticale diet with (6) or without (3) enzyme and hulled barley diet with (7) or without (4) a commercial β-glucanase enzyme. In a digestibility trial, 21 male broiler chicks were used at 45 days old. Each of the seven treatments was replicated three times. No significant difference (P>0.05) was observed between (2) to (7) treatments with corn diet for weight gain and feed intake during growing period, but hulled barley with no treatment (4) had less weight gain and higher feed conversion (lower efficiency) than other cereals. Ether extract digestibility increased significantly in all the enzyme treated diets compared to corn diet (P<0.05). Metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen(AMEn) was less in hulled barley with no treatment, compared to corn and triticale treated with enzyme (P<0.05). Reduction of serum cholesterol was observed in birds on hulless barley diet (P<0.05), but serum creatinin did no show any significant difference between treatments (P>0.05). Higher serum immunoglobulin (IgG) was detected in broiler fed the hulled barley diet with no treatment, than the enzyme-treated barley and corn diets (P<0.05). Mean percentage of liver showed the highest percentage in hulled barley diet with no treatment (P<0.05) and fresh carcass was the lowest in chickens on triticale with no treatment (P<0.05). It was concluded that the enzyme supplementation is beneficial in terms of weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion during 14-42 days old in chickens, but these positive effects of enzyme will be fade in aged chicken due to the higher capacity of alimentary tract for digestion of feed materials.
این پژوهش بر روی جوجههای گوشتی (14 تا 56 روزه) به منظور بررسی تأثیر جیرههای بر پایه جو و تریتیکاله انجام پذیرفت. جیرههای تحت آزمون شامل: جیره حاوی ذرت به عنوان شاهد (1)، جیره حاوی جو بدون پوشینه با (5) و یا بدون افزودن آنزیم (2)، جیره حاوی تریتیکاله با (6) و یا بدون افزودن آنزیم (3) و جیره حاوی جو معمولی با (7) و یا بدون افزودن آنزیم (4) بودند. آنزیم مورد استفاده حاوی بتاگلوکاناز بود. در آزمایش تعیین قابلیت هضم از 21 قطعه جوجه در سن 45 روزگی استفاده شد. برای 7 جیره تحت آزمون 3 تکرار در نظر گرفته شد. برای صفات افزایش وزن روزانه و خوراک مصرفی در طی دوره رشد هیچ تفاوت معنی داری بین جیرههای 2 تا 7 و جیره شاهد مشاهده نشد (05/0P>). جو معمولی (4) کمترین افزایش وزن و بیشترین ضریب تبدیل (بازده کم) را نسبت به بقیه جیرهها نشان داد. قابلیت هضم عصاره اتری در تمام جیرههای حاوی آنزیم بیشتر از جیره شاهد بدست آمد (05/0P<). همچنین انرژی قابل متابولیسم ظاهری (AMEn) در جیره (4) نسبت به جیرههای (1) و (6) کمتر بود (05/0P<). اما کلسترول سرم خون جوجههای مصرف کننده جیره (4) کمتر از بقیه بدست آمد (05/0P<) ولی در غلظت کراتینین سرم خون تفاوتی بین تیمارها مشاهده نشد (05/0P>). با این وجود، غلظت ایمینوگلوبولین سرم خون جوجههای تیمار (4) نسبت به جیرههای (7) و (1) در بیشترین اندازه بود (05/0P<). وزن لاشه تازه نیز در جوجه های مصرف کننده جیره (3) کمترین مقدار و در صد کبد در جوجههای مصرف کننده جیره (4) در بیشترین مقدار مشاهده گردید (05/0P<). از نتایج این پژوهش میتوان اینگونه نتیجه گرفت که مکمل نمودن آنزیم در جیرهها میتواند در سن 14 الی 42 روزگی تأثیر مثبت بر افزایش وزن، خوراک مصرفی و ضریب تبدیل داشته باشد، اما این مزیت با افزایش سن جوجهها به تدریج کاهش مییابد که علت آن افزایش قابلیت هضم و ظرفیت دستگاه گوارش با افزایش سن جوجهها است.
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