Evaluation of Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Litter Quality and Foot Lesions of Broilers Reared under High Stocking Densities
محورهای موضوعی : Camel
1 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
2 - Khuzestan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center, Ahvaz, Iran
کلید واژه: Performance, litter, broiler chicken, foot lesion, stocking density,
چکیده مقاله :
Two repeated experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of different stocking densities onbroiler performance, carcass characteristics, litter quality and foot lesionsusing 5224 one day-old Ross 308 broilers. In each experiment, a total of 2612 one day-old broilers were allocated in 16 floor pens at densities of 16, 18, 20 and 22 birds/m2 of floor space in an environmentally controlled broiler house. Data collected from the two experiments were pooled together for statistical analysis. The results indicated that body weight gain significantly decreased with increasing stocking density (P<0.05). Density beyond 16 birds/m2 significantly decreased the body weight gain at 1 to 21 day of age and density beyond 20 birds/m2 significantly decreased the body weight gains at 22 to 42 day of age and in whole experimental period (P<0.05). Body weight gain expressed as kg BW/m2 increased linearly with increased stocking density (P<0.05). Treatments had no significant effects on feed conversion ratio, mortality rate, production efficiency index (PEI), carcass dressing measurements (carcass weight and relative weights of liver, abdominal fat, bursa of fabricius, spleen and parameters of the broiler litter (moisture, pH and ammonia level) (P>0.05). Foot pad lesions significantly increased as stocking density increased (P<0.05), but hock burns was not affected by increasing stocking density. In conclusion, based on the obtained results of this study, 20 birds/m2 of floor space was an appropriate density for rearing broilers in an environmentally controlled broiler house.
به منظور بررسی اثرات تراکمهای مختلف بر عملکرد، خصوصیات لاشه، کیفیت بستر و وقوع جرحات پا دو آزمایش مکرر با استفاده از 5224 قطعه جوجه گوشتی یکروزه سویه راس 308 انجام گرفت. در هر آزمایش، تعداد 2612 قطعه جوجه گوشتی یکروزه در تراکمهای 16، 18، 20 و 22 قطعه در متر مربع بستر با چهار تکرار به 16 پن آزمایشی مستقر در یک سالن مرغداری با سیستم کنترل شده محیطی اختصاص داده شدند. اطلاعات حاصل از هر دو دوره آزمایش برای تجزیه و تحلیل آماری با یکدیگر ادغام شدند. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش تراکم در واحد سطح بستر، اضافه وزن بدن به طور معنیداری کاهش یافت (05/0>P). تراکمهای بالاتر از 16 پرنده در هر متر مربع بستر به طور معنیداری موجب کاهش اضافه وزن بدن در دوره 1 الی 21 روزگی و تراکم بالاتر از 20 پرنده در هر متر مربع بستر در مقایسه با سایر تیمارها به طور معنیداری موجب کاهش اضافه وزن بدن در دوره 22 الی 42 روزگی و کل دوره آزمایش گردید (05/0>P). وزن افزوده شده نهایی به شکل کیلوگرم وزن زنده در هر متر مربع بستر با افزایش تراکم به طور خطی افزایش یافت (05/0>P). تیمارهای آزمایشی فاقد اثرات معنیدار بر ضریب تبدیل غذایی، میزان تلفات، شاخص کارایی تولید، صفات مربوط به لاشه (وزن لاشه، اوزان نسبی کبد، چربی حفره بطنی، بورس فابریسیوس و طحال) و اندازهگیریهای مربوط به بستر (رطوبت، pH و سطح آمونیاک) بودند (05/0<P). افزایش تراکم در واحد سطح منجر به افزایش معنیدار در وقوع زخم کف پا شد (05/0<P)، در حالی که سوختگی مفصل خرگوشی تحت تأثیر افزایش تراکم قرار نگرفت (05/0<P). بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده از آزمایش، نتیجهگیری میشود که تراکم 20 قطعه در هر متر مربع بستر، یک تراکم مناسب برای پرورش جوجه گوشتی در سالن واجد سیستم کنترل شرایط محیطی میباشد.
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