Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Immune Responses of Broiler Chickens Subjected to Sequential or Wet Feeding Programs Subsequent to Early Meal Feeding Regime
محورهای موضوعی : Camelم. طغیانی 1 , ع.ع. قیصری 2 , س.ع. تبعیدیان 3 , غ.ر. قلمکاری 4 , م. زمانی زاد 5 , م. محمدرضایی 6
1 - Department of Animal Science, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran /Young
Researchers and EliteClub,KhorasganBranch,Is
lamicAzadUniversity,Isfahan,Iran
2 - Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Isfahan, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
4 - Department of Animal Science, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
5 - Department of Animal Science, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
6 - Young Researchers and Elite Club, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
کلید واژه: Performance, Broiler, meal feeding, sequential feeding, wet feeding,
چکیده مقاله :
The current study was conducted to evaluate effects of sequential or wet feeding programs subsequent to and early meal feeding regime on performance, carcass characteristics and humoral immunity in broiler chicks. 192 Ross 308 chicks (seven-day old) were allocated to four treatments at four replicates (12 chicks per plot) based on a Completely Randomized Design. Treatments were included: control group (C) where birds had free access to feed throughout the experiment, meal fed groups (MF) where birds were meal fed from 7 to 14 d and subsequently meal fed by the control diet (MFC), meal fed a wet diet (MFW) or subjected to a sequential feeding program (MFS) until day 42. The results showed a statistical reduction of feed intake and increased feed conversion ratio during the meal feeding period (P<0.05). Consequently, meal fed chicks had a depressed body weight at 14 d, which was later, compensated (P<0.05). Following meal feeding, birds in the meal fed a wet diet (MFW) group exhibited the highest body weight, but the sequential fed group had significantly (P<0.05) lower feed intake, body weight andfeed conversion ratio(FCR) compared to the other groups. The highest relative weight of small intestine and the lowest abdominal fat pad percentage were observed in the MFS group (P<0.05). Birds' antibody responses to Newcastle, Influenza viruses and sheep red blood cell were not influenced by feeding regimes. It is concluded that feeding a wet diet following meal feeding programs can be effectively used in broiler chicken production.
تحقیق حاضر به منظور ارزیابی تأثیر تغذیه ترتیبی یا مرطوب بعد از اعمال تغذیه وعده‌ای در سنین اولیه بر عملکرد، خصوصیات لاشه و پاسخ‌های ایمنی همورال جوجه‌های گوشتی انجام شد. از تعداد 192 قطعه جوجه گوشتی سویه راس 308 در سن 7 روزگی در 4 تیمار و 4 تکرار و 12 قطعه جوجه در هر تکرار در قالب یک طرح کاملا تصادفی استفاده شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل: گروه کنترل (C) که جوجه‌ها به صورت آزادانه در طول دوره آزمایش به آب و غذا دسترسی داشتند، گروه تغذیه وعده‌ای سپس جیره کنترل (MFC)، گروه تغذیه وعده‌ای سپس جیره مرطوب (MFW) و گروه تغذیه وعده‌ای و سپس تغذیه ترتیبی (MFS). در تغذیه وعده‌ای که از سن 7 تا 14 روزگی اعمال گردید جوجه‌ها 3 مرتبه در 24 ساعت به مدت 2 ساعت به غذا دسترسی داشتند. در تمامی تیمارها آزمایش در سن 7 روزگی شروع و تا 42 روزگی خاتمه یافت. نتایج نشان داد که در دوره اعمال تغذیه وعده‌ای به طور معنی‌داری مصرف خوراک کاهش و ضریب تبدیل غذایی افزایش یافت که منجر به کاهش وزن در سن 14 روزگی گردید ولی در سن 42 روزگی جبران شد (05/0P<). بالاترین وزن بدن در جوجه‌ها در تیمار MFW مشاهده شد و کمترین وزن بدن، مصرف خوراک و ضریب تیدیل غذایی در تیمار MFS مشاهده شد (05/0P<). بیشترین درصد وزن روده کوچک و کمترین درصد حفره شکمی در در تیمار MFS مشاهده شد (05/0P<). تیتر آنتی‌بادی تولیدی علیه ویروس نیوکاسل و آنفولانزا و گلبول قرمز گوسفندی تحت تأثیر تیمارهای آزمایش قرار نگرفت. نتایج حاصل از این آزمایش نشان داد تغذیه مرطوب پس از اعمال تغذیه وعده‌ای می‌تواند به طور مؤثری عملکرد جوجه‌های گوشتی را تحت تأثیر قرار دهد.
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