Evaluation of Thyroid Hormones, Blood Gases, Body Antioxidant Status, the Activity of Blood Enzymes and Bone Characteristics in Broiler Chickens with Cold Induced Ascites
محورهای موضوعی : Camel
ر. عبدالکریمی
1
(
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
)
م.ح. شهیر
2
(
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
)
م. دانشیار
3
(
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
)
کلید واژه: Performance, Broiler, ascites, leg problem,
چکیده مقاله :
A total of 150 day old female chickens (Ross 308) were randomly allocated to 2 groups with 5 replicate and 15 chicks in each replicate to determine the effects of cold induced ascites on performance, antioxidant status, blood enzyme activities and bone metabolism. The two experimental treatments were: 1) chicks that reared under normal temperature (NT) and 2) chicks that reared under cold temperature (CT). The experiment was terminated at 42 day of chicken age. Feed intake was reduced significantly by ascites during the starter period. Weight gain of NT birds was higher than CT birds during the starter, grower, finisher and the whole period (P<0.05). Feed conversion ratio was greater for CT birds during the grower, finisher and the whole period (P<0.05). Total mortality was greater in CT birds than NT ones during the whole period (P<0.05). Cold-induced ascites increased the right ventricular, total ventricular and ventricular septum weights and right ventricular (RV)/total ventricular (TV) ratio at day 42 (P<0.05). Blood pO2, O2 saturation, pH and T4 level were lower and blood pCO2, T3 and calcium level was higher in CT birds than NT birds (P<0.05). The birds of both treatments had the same tibia length but femur length was shorter in CT birds (P<0.05). The diameter of both tibia and femur was smaller in CT birds (P<0.05). CT birds had a higher incidence of leg problems than NT ones during the whole period of the experimental phase (P<0.05). In conclusion, cold induced ascites reduced the performance, increased mortality and caused leg problems in broiler chickens.
تأثیر آسیت آلقایی توسط سرما بر عملکرد، وضعیت آنتی اکسیدانی، فعالیت آنزیم‌های خونی و متابولیسم استخوان با استفاده از 150 قطعه جوجه گوشتی ماده یکروزه (سویه راس 308) در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 2 تیمار، 5 تکرار و 15 قطعه جوجه در هر تکرار بررسی شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی جوجه‌های پرورش یافته تحت دمای طبیعی (شاهد) و تحت سرما (برای إلقای آسیت) تا 42 سن روزگی بودند. مصرف خوراک به طور معنیداری توسط شرایط سرمایی (آسیت) در دوره آغازین کاهش یافت (05/0>P). افزایش وزن پرندگان پرورش یافته تحت شرایط دمایی طبیعی در دورههای آغازین، رشد، پایانی و کل دوره به طور معنیداری بیشتر از مقدار مربوط به پرندگان تحت سرما بود (05/0>P). ضریب تبدیل خوراک پرندگان تحت تیمار سرما در دورههای رشد، پایانی و کل دوره آزمایشی بیشتر از مقدار پرندگان تیمار شاهد بود (05/0>P). تلفات ناشی از آسیت پرندگان تحت سرما نیز در کل دوره آزمایشی بالاتر از مقدار مربوط به پرندگان تیمار شاهد بود (05/0>P). همچنین آسیت إلقایی توسط سرما باعث افزایش معنیدار وزن بطن چپ، کل بطن، دیواره بطن و نسبت بطن راست به کل بطن در 42 روزگی شد (05/0>P). فشار اکسیژن، درصد اشباع شدن اکسیژن با هموگلوبین، pH و میزان T4 خون پرندگان تحت تیمار سرما کمتر از مقادیر پرندگان شاهد بود در حالیکه فشار دی اکسید کربن، میزان T3 و کلسیم خون پرندگان تحت سرما بیشتر از مقادیر پرندگان تیمار شاهد بود (05/0>P). طول استخوان تیبیا در پرندگان هر دو تیمار مشابه بود اما طول فمور در پرندگان تحت تیمار سرما کوتاهتر بود (05/0>P). قطر استخوان‌های تیبیا و فمور در پرندگان تحت تیمار سرما کمتر از پرندگان تیمار شاهد بود (05/0>P). همچنین ناهنجاری‌های پای بیشتری در پرندگان تحت تیمار سرما در کل دوره آزمایشی مشاهده شد (05/0>P). به طور کلی، آسیت إلقایی به روش سرما باعث کاهش عملکرد، افزایش تلفات و وقوع ناهنجاری‌های پا در جوجه‌های گوشتی گردید.
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