New Synbiotic-Mineral Complex in Lactating Cows’ Diets to Improve Their Productivity and Milk Composition

محورهای موضوعی : Camel

آ.اف. گورلوو ¹ ( Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia|Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd, Russia )
آ.آی. بلیااِو ² ( Federal Scientific Center for Agro-Ecology, Integrated Land Reclamation and Protective Forestation, Russian Academy of Science, Volgograd, Russia )
م.آی. اسلوژنکینا ³ ( Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia|Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd, Russia )
ن.آی. مسولووا ⁴ ( Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia|Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd, Russia )
ای.ی. زلوبینا ⁵ ( Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia|Volgograd State University, Volgograd, Russia )
آ.وی. راندلین ⁶ ( Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia )
ای.ی. بُندارکووا ⁷ ( Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia )
ب.آ. شرستیوک ⁸ ( Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia )

تاریخ دریافت : 1398/12/13 تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/12/13 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/12/11

کلید واژه: Yield, profitability, dairy cows, bioavailability, feeding, synbiotic-mineral,

چکیده مقاله :

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a new experimental complex in diets of lactating cows. The scientific and economic experiments were conducted in conditions of a large industrial complex for milk production from cows of Holstein breed (Russia). Four groups of Holstein cows (third calving), 20 animals each, were formed to conduct an analog method research. The cows in the control group were fed with a basal diet. The cows in other groups were fed with the experimental complex at various doses. All indices have been determined by wide-known methods, such as extracting, capillary electrophoresis, chromatography, quantitative titrimetry, atomic-emission spectrometry and others. To synthesize milk, the organisms of cows in experimental groups spent more digested nitrogen on the average by 14.85%; nitrogen excreted from the bodies of cows with urine was less on average by 4.13%. The increase in milk production averaged 3.8%. In comparison with the control group, the cows of experimental groups had higher content of dry matter in milk on average by 0.4%; fat by 0.17%; and protein by 0.1% (including α-lactalbumin by 31.8% and β-lactoglobulin by 36.6%). The milk protein in experimental groups contained more essential amino acids on average by 9.83%, and the milk fat contained more unsaturated fatty acids on average by 1.46%. The milk in experimental groups was noted for a high content of vitamins (on average by 16.3%, compared with the control group), in particular B2 by 10.8%, B9 by 28.6% and D3 by 39.8%. In addition, the weight fraction of trace elements in milk has been found to increase, i.e., calcium by 17.3%, iodine by 36.4%, potassium by 20.6%, magnesium by 18.5%, manganese by 66.7%, phosphorus by 20.3% and silicon by 54.2%. The increase in the milk productivity of cows and higher fat content in milk made it possible to increase the sale profit of 1 ton of milk on average by 12% and increase the level of profitability of production by 6.5%. The study performed has reliably proved that the proposed premix promoted nutrient availability and digestibility, improved digestibility of feeds and their effective consumption, improved blood hematology, increased milk production and improved the milk composition, which led to an increase in the profitability of production.

چکیده انگلیسی:

هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثر بخشی کمپلکس آزمایشی جدید در جیره‌های گاوهای شیرده بود. آزمایشات علمی و اقتصادی در شرایط یک مجموعه صنعتی بزرگ برای تولید شیر از گاوهای نژاد هلشتاین (روسیه) انجام شد. چهار گروه از گاوهای هلشتاین (شکم سوم)، در هر گروه 20 حیوان، برای انجام یک روش تحقیق مشابه تشکیل شدند. گاوها در گروه کنترل با جیره پایه تغذیه شدند. گاوها در گروه‌های دیگر با کمپلکس آزمایشگاهی در دزهای متنوع تغذیه شدند. تمام شاخص‌ها توسط روش‌های شناخته شده گسترده تعیین شده‌اند، از قبیل استخراج، الکتروفورز مویین، کروماتوگرافی، اتدازه‌گیری تیتر کمی، طیف‌سنجی جذب اتمی و دیگر روش‌ها. برای سنتز شیر، ارگانیسم‌های گاوها در گروه‌های آزمایشگاهی نیتروژن هضم شده بیشتری را به‌ طور میانگین با 14.85 درصد صرف کردند؛ نیتروژن استخراج شده از بدن گاوها با اوره به‌ طور میانگین کمتر بود با میانگین 4.13 درصد. افزایش در تولید شیر به ‌طور متوسط 3.8 درصد بود. در مقایسه با گروه کنترل، گاوهای گروه‌های آزمایشی محتوای بیشتری از ماده خشک در شیر با میانگین 0.4 درصد؛ چربی با 0.17 درصد؛ و پروتئین با 0.1 درصد (شامل آلفا-لاکتوآلبومین با 8.31 درصد و بتا-لاکتوگلوبولین با 36.6 درصد). پروتئین شیر در گروه‌های آزمایشی حاوی اسیدهای آمینه ضروری بیشتری به ‌طور میانگین با 9.83 درصد، و چربی شیر حاوی اسیدهای چرب غیر اشباع با 1.46 درصد بودند. شیر در گروه‌های آزمایشی برای یک محتوی بالای ویتامین‌ها (به طور متوسط 16.3 درصد، در مقایسه با گروه کنترل) مورد توجه قرار گرفتند، در عمل B2 با 10.8 درصد، B9 با 28.6 درصد و D3 با 8/39 درصد. علاوه بر این، کسر وزنی عناصر کمیاب در شیر افزایشی یافت شد، به معنی دیگر، کلسیم با 17.3 درصد، ید با 36.4 درصد، پتاسیم با 20.6 درصد، منیزیم با 18.5 درصد، منگنز با 66.7 درصد، فسفر با 20.3 درصد و سیلیس با 54.2 درصد. افزایش در تولید شیر گاوها و محتوی چربی بالاتر در شیر امکان سود فروش 1 تن شیر را به‌ طور متوسط 12 درصد و سطح سودآوری تولید را 6.5 درصد افزایش می‌دهد. مطالعه انجام شده با اطمینان اثبات کرده است که پرمیکس پیشنهاد شده دسترسی خوراک و قابلیت هضم را ارتقاء داده، قابلیت هضم خوراک‌ها و مصرف مؤثر آنها را بهبود داده، هماتولوژی خون را بهبود داده، تولید شیر را افزایش داده و ترکیب شیر را بهبود داده، که منجر به افزایش در سودآوری تولید می‌شود.

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