تحلیل فضایی مولفه های تاب آوری کالبدی بافت مرکزی شهر رشت در برابر زلزله با استفاده از مدلFuzzy-AHP و GIS
محورهای موضوعی : کالبدی
مهدیه دلشاد
1
,
منوچهر طبیبیان
2
,
سید محسن حبیبی
3
1 - گروه آموزشی شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، قزوین، ایران
2 - استادگروه آموزشی شهرسازی، دانشکده هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
3 - استاد گروه آموزشی شهرسازی، دانشکده هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
کلید واژه: زلزله, رشت, تاب آوری, کالبد,
چکیده مقاله :
زلزله از مهم ترین عوامل تهدید طبیعی ایران محسوب می گردد. مساحت زیادی از ایران در محدوده با خطر بالا و خطر بسیار بالای زلزله قرار دارد. شهر رشت نیز در محدوده خطر بالا و خطر بسیار بالا قرار گرفته است. با توجه به احتمال بالای وقوع زلزله در رشت، تراکم بالای فعالیت و جمعیت، تراکم بالای ابنیه فرسوده، زیرساخت ها و سایر شاخص های مهم مدنظر تحقیق؛ محدوده مرکزی شهر رشت در برابر زلزله احتمالی آسیب پذیر می باشد. هدف اصلی این تحقیق، بررسی تاب آوری کالبدی در برابر زلزله در بافت مرکزی شهر رشت می باشد. پرسش اصلی این است که وضعیت تاب آوری کالبدی بافت مرکزی شهر رشت در برابر زلزله چگونه می باشد؟ همچنین مهمترین نکات وابسته به پاسخ این پرسش بررسی می گردد. در این پژوهش با انتخاب چهار دسته شاخص تاب آوری کالبدی در برابر زلزله و استفاده از مدل ترکیبی منطق Fuzzy و AHP میزان اهمیت شاخص ها، معیارها و زیرمعیارها مشخص می گردد. در نهایت اطلاعات جمع آوری شده به صورت لایه های اطلاعاتی وزن گرفته در نرم افزار GIS نسخه 10.3 تبدیل به یک نقشه تحلیلی از وضعیت تاب آوری(ERM) محدوده مورد مطالعه می گردد. نتایج نشان می دهد با توجه به چهار دسته شاخص عمده تاب آوری کالبدی بافت مرکزی شهر رشت، وضعیت بازار رشت در مرز هشدار و وضعیت بحرانی در برابر زلزله احتمالی قرار دارد. همچنین 27 درصد از بافت مورد مطالعه در وضعیت کاملا آسیب پذیر و نسبتا آسیب پذیر قرار گرفته است.
Aghanbati, A. 2004. Geology of Iran. Tehran: Geological Survey of Iran. First Edition. Samar
Publications. 217-220. [In Persian]
Alizadeh, M., et al., 2018. A Hybrid Analytic Network Process and Artificial Neural Network (ANPANN)
Model for Urban Earthquake Vulnerability Assessment. Remote Sens., 10, 975.
doi:10.3390/rs10060975, available at: www.mdpi.com/journal/remotesensing.
Alizadeh, M., et al., 2018. Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) model for seismic vulnerability
assessment (SVA) of urban residential buildings. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information,
7, 444.
Aminzade, B., Adeli, Z., 2014. Assessing the vulnerability of urban texture in the event of an
earthquake crisis (Case study: Qazvin city areas). Journal of Hoviyat-E-Shahr, 8(20): 5-16. [In
Persian]
Azizi, M.M. Homafar, M., 2012. Seismic Pathology of Urban Roads (Case Study: Karmandan
Neighborhood, Karaj). Honar-Ha-Ye-Ziba, 17(3): 5-15. [In Persian]
Bahrayni, S.H., 1996. Land use planning in earthquake-stricken areas (sample of Lushan, Manjil,
Rudbar cities). Tehran: Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation. [In Persian]
Behzad Afshar, K., Akbari, P., 2019. Explaining and analyzing land use planning criteria in reducing
earthquake risk to increase urban resilience (Case study: Sanandaj). Quarterly of New Attitudes in
Human Geography (Spring) 2019, 11(2): 341-357. [In Persian]
Benbaei, M., 2012. Active faults of Gilan province. Tourism blog, Available at:
http://banbaey.blogfa.com/post/185, View date: 2020-7-19. [In Persian]
D’Ascanio, F. et al., 2016. Design and urban shape for a resilience city. Procedia - Social and
Behavioral Sciences, 223: 764 – 769.
Dokht Badi, P., Rahimi, M., 2018. Investigating and measuring the resilience of urban communication
network with crisis management approach (Case study of Tehran Region 2). Quarterly of New
Attitudes in Human Geography (Spring) 2018, 10(2): 41-65. [In Persian]
Doorn, N., 2017. Resilience indicators: Opportunities for including distributive justice concerns in
disaster management. Journal of Risk Research, 20(6): 711–731, available at:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2015.1100662.
Ebrahimzade, E., et al., 2019.The Analysis of Physical Resilience against Earthquake (Case study:
Piranshahr city). Journal of Natural Environmental Hazards, 8(20): 131-146. [In Persian]
Habibi, Q., Javanmardi, k., 2014. The analysis of urban texture instability and zoning of earthquake
vulnerability using GIS & AHP, Case study: Part of the central texture of Sanandaj. Journal of
Armanshahr, 11: 293-305. [In Persian]
Hazer Mashar, A., et al. 2016. Reconstruction of Holocene sedimentary environment of Aynak
wetland with sedimentological and geophysical evidences (west of Rasht city, Gilan province).
Quaternary Journal of Iran, 2(3): 243-255. [In Persian]
Iesavi, v., et al., 2012. Comparison of AHP and AHP-Fuzzy decision making methods in the initial
location of underground dams in Taleghan region. Scientific Quarterly Journal GEOSCINCES,
22(85): 27-34. [In Persian]
Karami, M., Amiriyan, S., 2018. Earthquake-Based Urban Vulnerability Zoning Using the Fuzzy-AHP
Model Case Study of Tabriz City. Physical Development Planning, 5(10): 110-124. [In Persian]
Kazemi Niya, A.R., Meymandi Parizi, S., 2017. Zoning the vulnerability of buildings in Kerman to
earthquakes using GIS. Geospatial Engineering Journal, 8(3): 31-47. [In Persian]
Koren, D. Rus, K. 2019. The Potential of Open Space for Enhancing Urban Seismic Resilience: A
literature Review. Sustainability, 11(21), 5942; https://doi.org/10.3390/su11215942.
Lotfi, S., Nikpour, A., Akbari, F., 2020. Assessment and evaluation of the physical dimensions of
urban resilience against earthquakes (Case study: District 7 of Tehran). Quarterly of New Attitudes
in Human Geography (Autumn) 2020, 12(4): 19-37. [In Persian]
Mehrpour, H., Riyazi Rad, Z.S., 2015. Investigation of active faults in Guilan province and seismic
potential of faults in the region. the first national conference on civil engineering and geology,
Islamic Azad University, Aligudarz branch, Available at: https://www.civilica.com/Paper-
NCCEG01-NCCEG01_010.html, View date: 2020-3-17. [In Persian]
Mitchell, T, Hariss, K, 2012. Resilience: A Riske Manegment Apoach. ODI Backgound Note,
Overseas Development Institute: London.
Mohamadpour Lima, N., Bandar Abad, A., Majedi, H., 2020. Physical and social resilience of
residential areas of historical texture (Case study of District 12 of Tehran). Quarterly of New
Attitudes in Human Geography (Spring) 2020, 12(2): 97-116. [In Persian]
Moslem, S., et al., 2019. Analysing Stakeholder Consensus for a Sustainable Transport Development
Decision by the Fuzzy AHP and Interval AHP. Sustainability 2019, 11, 3271.
Nagenborg, M., 2019. Urban resilience and distributive justice, Sustainable and Resilient
Infrastructure. DOI: 10.1080/23789689.2019.1607658, To link to this article:
https://doi.org/10.1080/23789689.2019.1607658.
Ningrum, R., et al., 2020. Analysis of Physical Vulnerability Assessment Due to 2015 Swarm
Earthquake Based on Amplification Zone in Jailolo District. 5th International Conference on Food,
Agriculture and Natural Resources (FANRes 2019), Advances in Engineering Research, 194: 306-
310. Available at: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.
Saaty, T.L., 2008. Relative measurement and its generalization in decision making why pairwise
comparisons are central in mathematics for the measurement of intangible factors the analytic
hierarchy/network process. RACSAM 2008, 102: 251–318.
Sadeghi, M., et al., 2018. Risk analysis of possible earthquakes in Rasht. Proceedings of the 17th
Iranian Geophysical Conference, Tehran, May 2018: 708-711,Available at:
http://www.nigsconference.ir/article_2344.pdf, View date: 12-6-2020. [In Persian]
Shabani, M., Zand Moghadam, M.R., Kamyabi, S., 2019. Evaluating the level of efficiency of Tehran
urban road network in case of unexpected accidents (Case study of region 9). Quarterly of New
Attitudes in Human Geography (Spring) 2019, 11(2): 181-202. [In Persian]
Shahabi, H., et al., 2012. Earthquake hazard zoning by multi-criteria spatial analysis method.
Geography and Development Iranian Journal, 21, 65-80. [In Persian]
Shamai, A., Mirzazadeh, H., 2019. Spatial analysis of Tabriz regions resilience against the earthquake,
Journal of Natural Environmental Hazards, 8(20): 245-266. [In Persian]
Sharif Niya, F., 2013. Land use planning to improve earthquake resilience, a case study of District 10
of Tehran Municipality. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Tehran, College of Fine Arts, Department of
Urban Planning. [In Persian]
Shrestha, S.R., Sliuzas, R., Kuffer, M., 2018. Open spaces and risk perception in post-earthquake
Kathmandu city. Appl. Geogr., 93: 81–91, available at:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2018.02.016.
Tabibian, M., Mozaffari, N., 2018. Assessment of Residential Vulnerability to Earthquake and
Vulnerability Reduction Strategies (Case Study: District 6 of Tehran Municipality). Motaleat-EShahri,
7(27), 93-112. [In Persian]
Tang, A., Wen, A., 2009. An intelligent simulation system for earthquake disaster assessment.
Comput. Geosci. 35: 871–879.
Yariyan, P., et al., 2020. Earthquake Vulnerability Mapping Using Different Hybrid Models. Juornal
of Symmetry 2020, 12, 405, available at: www.mdpi.com/journal/symmetry.
Zare Estehriji, S., Hosseini, F., 2017. The Prevalence of Urban Areas Vulnerability to Seismic Risk (A
Case Study of Region One, Tehran). International Journal of Architect. Eng. Urban Plan, 27(2):
153-160
