Investigating the antibacterial and phytochemical effect of methanol and acetone extracts of the Cupressus sempervirens and Juniperus excelsa on some important foodborne diseases
محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان دارویی
Sima Yazdani
1
,
Monir Doudi
2
,
Zahra Rezayatmand
3
,
Ladan Rahimzadeh Torabi
4
1 - Department of Microbiology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran;
2 - Department of Microbiology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran;
3 - Department of Biology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran;
4 - Department of Microbiology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran;
کلید واژه: plant extract, Antimicrobial agents, Cupressus sempervirens, Juniprus excelsa, Foodborne diseases,
چکیده مقاله :
Background & Aim: The unfettered usage of antibiotics has engendered a mounting resistance of bacteria to these agents, thereby necessitating the discovery and development of novel compounds and medications to a greater extent than previously. The focal point of this research was to explore the chemical constituents of acetone and methanol-extracted samples of Cupressus sempervirens and Juniperus excelsa, as well as their potential inhibitory actions against a prevalent food-borne pathogen.Experimental: This experimental investigation was conducted on standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus (PTCC 1430), Bacillus cereus (PTCC 1431), Listeria monocytogenes (PTCC 1298), Escherichia coli (PTCC 1399), and Shigella dysentery (PTCC 1188). Following the preparation of methanol and acetone extracts derived from Juniperus excelsa and Cupressus sempervirens using Clevenger apparatus, the antimicrobial efficacy was assessed by both qualitative agar well diffusion method and quantitative macrodilution method. The active constituents present in the methanol and acetone extracts of the plants were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analytical method. Means were compared with Duncan's test at the 5% probability level.Results: The findings of this investigation pertaining to the antimicrobial potency of the extracts, ascertained via the qualitative agar well diffusion method, indicated its efficacy against Gram-positive strains including S. aureus and B. cereus. The methanol extracts of the J. Excelsa were found to produce smaller inhibition zones on the tested bacteria compared to other plant extracts. The highest sensitivity to the acetone extract of C. sempervirens and J. excelsa observed in S. aureus and B. cereus. The extracts obtained from the two plant did not demonstrate any discernible impact on the Gram-negative bacteria that are commonly associated with foodborne pathogens. The findings obtained through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) indicated the presence of efficacious components such as Benzene 1,2,4,5-tetramethyl, and Cyclopropane cyclopenta in J. excels extract. The acetone extract of J. excelsa showed more potent antimicrobial constituents than its methanolic counterpart. It is anticipated that in forthcoming times, the acetone extract derived from this botanical specimen may be employed to prevent bacterial-induced foodborne illnesses.Recommended applications/industries: Duo to the existence of a range of bioactive compounds in the acetone extracts obtained from C. sempervirens and J. excels, these extracts have the potential to be used against the development of foodborne infections and diseases caused by bacterial agents.
Background & Aim: The unfettered usage of antibiotics has engendered a mounting resistance of bacteria to these agents, thereby necessitating the discovery and development of novel compounds and medications to a greater extent than previously. The focal point of this research was to explore the chemical constituents of acetone and methanol-extracted samples of Cupressus sempervirens and Juniperus excelsa, as well as their potential inhibitory actions against a prevalent food-borne pathogen.Experimental: This experimental investigation was conducted on standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus (PTCC 1430), Bacillus cereus (PTCC 1431), Listeria monocytogenes (PTCC 1298), Escherichia coli (PTCC 1399), and Shigella dysentery (PTCC 1188). Following the preparation of methanol and acetone extracts derived from Juniperus excelsa and Cupressus sempervirens using Clevenger apparatus, the antimicrobial efficacy was assessed by both qualitative agar well diffusion method and quantitative macrodilution method. The active constituents present in the methanol and acetone extracts of the plants were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analytical method. Means were compared with Duncan's test at the 5% probability level.Results: The findings of this investigation pertaining to the antimicrobial potency of the extracts, ascertained via the qualitative agar well diffusion method, indicated its efficacy against Gram-positive strains including S. aureus and B. cereus. The methanol extracts of the J. Excelsa were found to produce smaller inhibition zones on the tested bacteria compared to other plant extracts. The highest sensitivity to the acetone extract of C. sempervirens and J. excelsa observed in S. aureus and B. cereus. The extracts obtained from the two plant did not demonstrate any discernible impact on the Gram-negative bacteria that are commonly associated with foodborne pathogens. The findings obtained through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) indicated the presence of efficacious components such as Benzene 1,2,4,5-tetramethyl, and Cyclopropane cyclopenta in J. excels extract. The acetone extract of J. excelsa showed more potent antimicrobial constituents than its methanolic counterpart. It is anticipated that in forthcoming times, the acetone extract derived from this botanical specimen may be employed to prevent bacterial-induced foodborne illnesses.Recommended applications/industries: Duo to the existence of a range of bioactive compounds in the acetone extracts obtained from C. sempervirens and J. excels, these extracts have the potential to be used against the development of foodborne infections and diseases caused by bacterial agents.
Abebe, E., Gugsa, G. and Ahmed, M. 2010. Review on Major Food-Borne Zoonotic Bacterial Pathogens. Journal of Tropical Medicine, 29:4674235. doi: 10.1155/2020/4674235.
Akbar, A. and Kumar-Anal, K.A. 2011. Food safety concerns and food-borne pathogens, Salmonella, Escherichia coli and Campylobacter. FUUAST Journal of Biology, 1(1):5–17.
Alengebawy, A., Abdelkhalek, S.T., Qureshi, S.R. and Wang, M.Q. 2021. Heavy Metals and Pesticides Toxicity in Agricultural Soil and Plants: Ecological Risks and Human Health Implications. Toxics, 9(3):42. doi: 10.3390/toxics9030042.
Al-Snafi, A.E. 2016. Medical importance of Cupressus sempervirens-A review. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR), 6(6):66-76.
Asili, J., Emami, S., Rahimizadeh, M., Fazly-Bazzaz, B. and Hassanzadeh, M. 2008. Chemical and antimicrobial studies of Juniperus excelsa subsp. excelsa and Juniperus excelsa subsp. polycarpos essential oils. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 1(3):292-302.
Azzaz, N., Hamed, S. and Kenawy, T. 2019. Chemical studies on cypress leaves (Cupressus sempervirens) and their activity as antimicrobial agents. Al-Azhar Journal of Agricultural Research, 44(2):100-109.
Baldi, P., Pedron, L., Hietala, A.M. and La Porta, N. 2011. Cold tolerance in cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.): a physiological and molecular study. Tree Genetics & Genomes,7(1):79-90.
Bintsis, T. 2017. Foodborne pathogens. AIMS Microbiology, 3(3):529-563.
Bittner Fialová, S., Rendeková, K., Mučaji, P, Nagy, M. and Slobodníková, L. 2021. Antibacterial Activity of Medicinal Plants and Their Constituents in the Context of Skin and Wound Infections, Considering European Legislation and Folk Medicine-A Review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(19):10746.
Boukhris, M., Regane, G., Yangull, T., Sayadi S. and Bouaziz, M. 2012. Chemical Composition and Biological Potential of Essential Oil from Tunisian Cupressus sempervirens L. Journal of Arid and Studies, 22(1):329-332.
CDC. 2013. Surveillance for Foodborne Disease Outbreaks-United States, 2009-2010. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 62:91-93. 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.04.001.
D’Auria, A., Vingiani, S., Marzaioli, F., Teobaldelli, M. and Di Pasquale, G. 2020. Recent History, Use and Forgetfulness of the Cypress Forest of Fontegreca (Southern Italy). Diversity, 12(12):461.
Darvishi, M., Esmaeili, S., Dehghan-nayeri, N., Mashati, P. and Gharehbaghian, A. 2016. The effect of extract from aerial parts of Juniperus excelsa plant on proliferation and apoptosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines, Nalm-6 and Reh. Scientific Journal of Iran Blood Transfus Organ, 13(4):304-313.
Das, A., Raychaudhuri, U. and Chakraborty, R. 2012. Antimicrobial effect of edible plant extract on the growth of some foodborne bacteria including pathogens. Nutrafoods, 11:99-104
Dhama, K., Rajagunalan, S., Chakrabort,y S., Verma, A.K., Kumar, A., Tiwari, R. and Kapoor, S. 2013. Food-borne pathogens of animal origin-diagnosis, prevention, control and their zoonotic significance: a review. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 16(20):1076-1085.
El Hamrouni-Aschi, K., Khouja, M.L., Boussaid, M., Akrimi, N. and Toumi, L. 2013. Essential-oil composition of the Tunisian endemic cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L. var. numidica TRAB). Chemistry and Biodiversity, 10(6):989-1003.
Elisha, I.L, Botha, F.S, McGaw, L.J. and Eloff J.N. 2017. The antibacterial activity of extracts of nine plant species with good activity against Escherichia coli against five other bacteria and cytotoxicity of extracts. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 17(1):133. doi: 10.1186/s12906-017-1645-z.
Farjon, A. 2013. Cupressus sempervirens. The IUCN red list of threatened species 2013, e.T 32518A2821211. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS. T32518A282 1211.en. [3 November 2015].
Frezza, C., De Vita, D., Sciubba, F., Toniolo, C., Tomassini, L., Nicoletti, M., Franceschin, M., Guiso, M., Bianco, A., Serafini, M. and Foddai, S. 2022. There is not only Cupressus sempervirens L.: A review on the phytochemistry and bioactivities of the other Cupressus L. species. Applied Sciences, 12(14):7353.
Fujita, T., Sezik, E., Tabata, M., Yesilada, E., Honda, G., Takeda, Y., Tanaka, T. and Takaishi, Y. 1995. Traditional medicine in Turkey VII. Folk medicine in middle and west Black Sea regions. Economic Botany, 49(4):406-422.
Gaunt, L.F., Higgins, S.C. and Hughes, J.F. 2005. Interaction of air ions and bactericidal vapors to controlmicro-organisms. Journal of applied microbiology, 99(6):1324-1329.
Hashempour-Baltork, F., Hosseini, H., Shojaee-Aliabadi, S., Torbati, M., Alizadeh, A.M. and Alizadeh, M. 2019. Drug resistance and the prevention strategies in food borne bacteria: An update review. Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 9(3):335-347.
Hassanzadeh Khayyat, M., Emami, S.A., Asili, J., Rahimizadeh, M. and Fazly-Bazzaz, B.S. 2006. Chemical and Antimicrobial studies of Cupressus sempervirens L. and C. horizentalis Mill essential oils. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2(2):103-108.
Hosni, K., Hassen, I., M’Rabet, Y. and Casabianca, H. 2019. Biochemical response of Cupressus sempervirens to cement dust: Yields and chemical composition of its essential oil. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 12(7):1308-1314.
Ibrahim, T., Şenol, F.S. and Orhan, I.E. 2012. Evaluation of possible in vitro neurobiological effects of two varieties of Cupressus sempervirens (Mediterranean cypress) through their antioxidant and enzyme inhibition actions. Turkish Journal of Biochemistry-turk Biyokimya Dergisi, 37(2012):5-13.
Javaheri, G., Doudi, M., Rahimzadeh Torabi, L. and Pazandeh, M.H. 2022. Nicotiana plumbaginifolia Leaf Extracts as an Efficient Antibacterial and a Biocontrol Agent Versus Tomato Pathogenic Bacteria. Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product, 11(Special):87-93.
Kadariya, J., Smith, C.T.and Thapaliya, D. 2014. Staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcal food-borne disease: an ongoing challenge in public health. BioMed Research International, 2014:827965. doi: 10.1155/2014/827965.
Kang, C.G., Hah, D.S., Kim, C.H., Kim, Y.H., Kim, E. and Kim, J.S. 2011. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the methanol extracts from 8 traditional medicinal plants. Toxicological Research, 27(1):31-6. doi: 10.5487/TR.2011.27.1.031.
Koohsari, H., Ghaemi, E.A., Sadegh Sheshpoli, M., Jahedi, M. and Zahiri, M. 2015. The investigation of antibacterial activity of selected native plants from North of Iran. Journal of Medicine and Life, 8(Spec Iss 2):38-42.
Lebelo, K., Malebo, N., Mochane, M.J. and Masinde, M. 2021. Chemical Contamination Pathways and the Food Safety Implications along the Various Stages of Food Production: A Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(11):5795.
Milos, M., Radonic, A. and Mastelic, J. 2002. Seasonal variation in essential oil compositions of Cupressus sempervirens L. Journal Essential Oil Research, 14(3):222-223.
Mozaffarian, V. A. 1996. Dictionary of Iranian plant names: Latin, English, Persian: Farhang Mo'aser.
Muhammad, I., Mossa, J. and El‐ Feraly, F. 1992. Antibacterial diterpenes from the leaves and seeds of Juniperus excelsa M. Bieb. Phytotherapy Research, 6(5):261-48.
Nejia, H., Séverine, C., Jalloul, B., Mehrez, R. and Stéphane, C.J. 2013. Extraction of essential oil from Cupressus sempervirens: comparison of global yields, chemical composition and antioxidant activity obtained by hydrodistillation and supercritical extraction. Natural Product Research, 27(19):1795-9.
Orhan, I.E. and Tumen, I. 2015. Potential of Cupressus sempervirens (Mediterranean Cypress) in health. The Mediterranean Diet, 639-647. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-407849-9.00057-9.
Ouattara, B., Simard, R.E., Holley, R.A., Piette, G.J. and Bégin, A. 1997. Antibacterial activity of selected fatty acids and essential oils against six meat spoilage organisms. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 37(2-3):155-62.
Pan, S.Y., Litscher, G., Gao, S.H., Zhou, S.F., Yu, Z.L., Chen, H.Q., Zhang, S.F., Tang, M.K., Sun, J.N. and Ko, K.M. 2014. Historical perspective of traditional indigenous medical practices: the current renaissance and conservation of herbal resources. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2014:525340. doi: 10.1155/2014/525340.
Parasuraman, S. 2011. Toxicological screening. Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics, 2(2):74-79.
Petrovska, B.B. 2012. Historical review of medicinal plants' usage. Pharmacognosy Reviews, 6(11):1-5.
Rather, I.A., Koh, W.Y., Paek, W.K. and Lim, J. 2017. The sources of chemical contaminants in food and their health implications. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 8:830. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00830.
Rawat, P., Khan, M.F., Kumar, M., Tamarkar, A.K., Srivastava, A.K., Arya, K.R. and Maurya, R. 2010. Constituents from fruits of Cupressus sempervirens. Fitoterapia, 81(3):162-166.
Rios, J.L., Recio, M.C. and Villar, A. 1987. Antimicrobial activity of selected plants employed in the Spanish Mediterranean area. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 21(2):139-152.
Selim, S.A., Adam, M.E., Hassan, S.M. and Albalawi, A.R. 2014. Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of the essential oil and methanol extract of the Mediterranean cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.). BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 14:179.
Tabatabaei Ahmadrezaei, M., Pazandeh, M.H., Rahimzadeh Torabi, L. and Doudi, M. 2021. Trachyspermum copticum essential oil: an effective herbal and natural antimicrobial agent against human skin pathogenic bacteria. International Journal of Bio-Inorganic Hybrid Nanomaterials, 10(4):193-205.
Taghreed, A., Ibrahima, B., Atef A., El-Helac, Hala M., El-Hefnawyb, Areej M. and Al-Taweela, Shagufta P. 2017. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oils of some coniferous plants cultivated in Egypt. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 16(1):328-337.
Todd, E.C.D. 2014. Foodborne diseases: Overview of biological hazards and foodborne diseases. Encyclopedia of Food Safety, 221-42. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-378612-8.00071-8.
Vaou, N., Stavropoulou, E., Voidarou, C., Tsigalou, C. and Bezirtzoglou, E. 2021. Towards Advances in Medicinal Plant Antimicrobial Activity: A Review Study on Challenges and Future Perspectives. Microorganisms, 9(10):2041.
Weli, A.M., Al-Hinai, S.R.K., Hossain, M.M. and Al-Sabahi, J.N. 2014. Composition of essential oil of Omani Juniperus excelsa fruit and antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogenic bacteria. Journal of Taibah University for Science, 8(3):225-230.
Yeşilada, E., Honda, G., Sezik, E., Tabata, M.F.T, Tanaka, T. Takeda, Y. and Takaishi, Y. 1995. Traditional medicine in Turkey. V. Folk medicine in the inner Taurus Mountains. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 46(3):133-52.
Zahed, M., Ishtiaq, A. and Sheikh, M. 2013. Investigation of physic-chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil extract from lignin-containig Cupressuss empervirent. Essential Oil Research, 8(2): 1625-1633.
Zhang, j., Rahman, A., Jain, S., Jacob, M., Khan, S., Tekwani, B. and Ilias M. 2012. Antimicrobial and antiparasitic abietanoditerpenoids from Cupressus sempervirens. Research and Reports in medicinal Chemistry, 2:1-6.
Zhao, X., Lin, C., Wang, J. and Oh, D. 2014. Advances in rapid detection methods for foodborne pathogens. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 24(3):297-312.
