Journal of Water and Soil Resources Conservation: 2 (4)

Open Access Article

1 - Estimation of Inflow to Urmia Lake Using Time Series and Basin's Future Simulation Modeling in Two Long and Short Term Scenarios
اردلان شریف نسب Mojtaba Shourian

The Urmia Lake is the largest and the most important internal lake in Iran and is one of the most valuable international hemispherical resources in the world. But the Lake has been gradually getting dried nowadays. If the Lake gets completely dried, irreparable environm More

The Urmia Lake is the largest and the most important internal lake in Iran and is one of the most valuable international hemispherical resources in the world. But the Lake has been gradually getting dried nowadays. If the Lake gets completely dried, irreparable environmental, economical and social damages would be appeared in the region. So, finding a practical solution for surviving the Urmia Lake is crucial. In the present research, it has been tried to predict the inflows of the rivers leading to the Urmia Lake, once based on the long term period’s recorded data and another time based on the recent dry period’s recorded data, by using autoregressive moving average (ARMA) time series models in order to exert the effects of the recent drought in the forecasted data. The ARMA models are developed in the MATLAB soft ware. After calibration of the created models, the predicted discharges of the basin’s rivers were entered into the simulation model of MODSIM in order to estimate the water consumptions in the basin's future condition and finally the entering flows to the Urmia Lake in each of two forecasting scenarios. Results show that in each of two forecasting scenarios of long and short periods, the environmental water right of the lake wouldn’t be supplied totally. Also, if the agricultural water consumptions would get reduced about 14% and 56% in long and short periods respectively, the lake’s water right would be supplied completely. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Prediction of Climate Change Impact on Monthly River Discharge’s Trend using IHACRES hydrological model (Case Study: Galikesh Watershed)
خلیل قربانی الهه سهرابیان میثم سالاری‌جزی محمد عبدالحسینی

AClimate change causes change in temperature and rainfall and consequently affects river discharge. Changes in rainfall can be simulated by global circulation models under different climatic scenarios but investigations of changes in river discharge require rainfall-run More

AClimate change causes change in temperature and rainfall and consequently affects river discharge. Changes in rainfall can be simulated by global circulation models under different climatic scenarios but investigations of changes in river discharge require rainfall-runoff models. The Galikesh basin as one of most flood prone basins in Gloestan Province is considered for determination of changes in river discharge under climate change effect. Temperature and rainfall is produced for future climatic period (2011-2030) based on global circulation model HADCM3, using LARS-WG data generator model. The produced data under different climatic scenario are used as inputs of calibrated IHACRES model to simulate river discharge for future climatic periods. The climate change analysis shows under different scenarios in the study area air temperature increase in different months, which a rise in warm months is more than other months of the year, but the annual precipitation decreases. The Mann-Kendall test is used to detect monotonic trend of seasonal and semiannual river discharge series. The results indicate no trend for spring and first semiannual and negative trend for other seasons and second semiannual series in 5 percent significance level. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Investigation of performance Indexes and the rule of mitigation reservoir on flood control (case study: Jafarabad watershed in Golestan province)
KAMI KABOOSI REZA JELINI

In order to investigation of detention reservoirs on flood in Jafar Abad basin, Golestan province, Iran, the precipitation- run off process as well as reservoir routing were simulated by HEC-HMS Software. The model was run under four different scenarios (without reservo More

In order to investigation of detention reservoirs on flood in Jafar Abad basin, Golestan province, Iran, the precipitation- run off process as well as reservoir routing were simulated by HEC-HMS Software. The model was run under four different scenarios (without reservoir and with reservoir: empty, half-full, and full) and for different return periods of 2 up to 100 years. The statistical analysis of the results was done based on one-way analysis of variance. To study the effect of reservoirs, two indices including the Flood Attenuation Rate (FAR) and Storage Ratio (SR) were used. The results indicated that construction of detention reservoirs leads to postponing the incidence of the peak discharge and decreased peak discharge along with the volume of the flood leaving the reservoir, but these decreasions were not significant. The influence of the reservoir diminished with the prolongation of the return period. The maximum level of flood volume reduction for the empty, half-full, and full reservoirs was 61.1, 33.2, and 0.8%, respectively and for the peak discharge was 63.9, 32.8, and 6.6%, respectively. The maximum value of FAR for the reservoirs under empty, half-full, and full conditions were 26, 19, and 7%, respectively. Similarly, the maximum SR for the empty and half-full reservoirs was 14 and 5, respectively that showing the efficiency of reservoirs in flood control. The results demonstrated that the efficiency of reservoirs in flood control is not merely dependent on the reservoir volume and the amount of flood. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Landslide susceptibility mapping in order to control the agricultural lands degradation (Case Study: Taleghan watershed)
Amir Eshaghi Hasan Ahmadi بهارک معتمدوزیری Aliakbar Nazari Samani

Landslide is the one of the most important factors on agricultural lands degradation of Taleghan watershed. Landslide is one type of mass movements causing lands degradation, accelerating soil erosion and delivering sediment to Taleghan dam, annually. Landslide suscepti More

Landslide is the one of the most important factors on agricultural lands degradation of Taleghan watershed. Landslide is one type of mass movements causing lands degradation, accelerating soil erosion and delivering sediment to Taleghan dam, annually. Landslide susceptibility mapping is the first step for landslide hazard assessment and mitigation. The main aim of this study has been the landslide susceptibility mapping in order to identify areas prone to this phenomena and controlling lands degradation in Taleghan watershed. For this purpose, thematic maps of effective factors on landslide, including elevation, slope angle, aspect, plan curvature, mean annual precipitation, mean annual temperature, lithology, land-use, vegetation density, distance from faults, distance from streams and distance from roads, are prepared by using geographical information system (GIS), topographic maps, Satellite images and field survey. These factors have analyzed using multiple regression method to construct the landslide susceptibility maps. The results showed that about 26 percent of watershed lands have been situated in high and very high susceptible area; that most part of this area have been located in lithology gy2 (consist of marl with high gypsum and salt), dry farming land-use and 0-500 meter distance from the faults. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Investigating the effects of soil and sewage sludge on some vegetative traits of Garadagh plant (Nitraria schoberi)
رحیم رضایی حمیدرضا کریم زاده شهباز مهرابی

More than two thirds of Iran is located in arid and semiarid regions encountered with the challenges of water shortages. This emphasizes the need to reduce water consumption and to use other water sources. For this the present study deals with effect of sewage and waste More

More than two thirds of Iran is located in arid and semiarid regions encountered with the challenges of water shortages. This emphasizes the need to reduce water consumption and to use other water sources. For this the present study deals with effect of sewage and wastewater on some vegetative traits of Nitraria schuberi as a species adapted to arid and semiarid areas. Its design was a split plot design with six replications in desert Research Station, plain Segzy Isfahan. This study had irrigation with wastewater treatment at five levels ( 0 , 25 , 50 , 75 and 100 % ) , sludge at two levels ( presence or absence of sludge ) and two soil types ( soil and soil Segzy plain ) and analyzes morphological characteristics of the plant using a software SPSS software was used. Results showed that the highest rate of increase in height and canopy, basal diameter and canopy in prairie soil treatment sludge 100 percent and non- sludge effluent level for height, basal area and canopy diameter was 100, 50 and75% respectively. Also, results showed that the lowest height, basal diameter and canopy cover for Segzy soil under control treatment for height, basal diameter and canopy cover was 0, 25 and 25% respectively. Also, as for soils under sewage treatment for height, basal diameter and canopy cover were 0, 25 and 50% respectively and for wastewater application treatment it was 75,0 and 0% respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Determination of Leaching Efficiency Coefficient for Desalinization of Saline and Sodic soil in Veis Area, Khoozestan Province
Zahra Behbahani Zadeh Rezaeyan Ebrahim Pazira Ebrahim Panahpour Narges Zohrabi

Increasing of population in the world caused overusing natural resources and land destruction. Salinization and sodification are two effects of land destruction especially in dry and semi-dry areas. Leaching of soil soluble salts in soil profile could be one of the most More

Increasing of population in the world caused overusing natural resources and land destruction. Salinization and sodification are two effects of land destruction especially in dry and semi-dry areas. Leaching of soil soluble salts in soil profile could be one of the most appropriate method to emend and reclaim saline and sodic soils. Determination of requisite water to reclaim this kind of soils and optimal management of water and soil resources are seems to be necessary. In this study, Examination of three different leaching methods including Continues pounding leaching, Intermittent pounding leaching and Spreyer leaching have been performed on saline and sodic soils in Veis area, Khoozestan. This examination performed on natural and intact soil culms with 1 meter height which are located in Polyethylene area with 15 cm diameter. The examined soil layers were 0-25, 25-50, 50-75 and 75-100 cm and the depth of leaching water were 25, 50, 75 and 100 cm. According to obtained results, and experimental method were found for estimation of each leaching method. Exponential model in Continues pounding method was defined as the best model based on better correlation coefficient and lower standard error. However, Intermittent pounding method showed lower utilized water for soil desalinization and better leaching efficiency coefficient corresponding with soil texture of the area. According to shortage of water and advantages of this method compare to two other methods, Continues pounding method will be appropriate for Veis Area. Manuscript profile

XML

List of Articles