List of Articles

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  1 - The Least Cost Design of Water Distribution Networks Using Water Quality Constraints
  M. Tabesh M. Zabihi M. Dini
  Water quality is a very important issue related to people health, but it is not usually considered in water distribution networks (WDNs) design. In this paper, new constraints such as free residual chlorine and the quality performance index are incorporated into the lea More

  Water quality is a very important issue related to people health, but it is not usually considered in water distribution networks (WDNs) design. In this paper, new constraints such as free residual chlorine and the quality performance index are incorporated into the least cost design of water distribution networks. EPANET2 was applied for the hydraulic and quality analysis of water distribution networks. GA was also used to solve the optimization problem. The method was evaluated using a well-known test network. Results showed that inclusion of quality constraints leads to a higher cost. In addition, sensitivity analysis of velocity constraints showed that hydraulic and quality constraints are required for the least cost design of WDNs. On the other hand, the optimum design should satisfy the design criteria at both the start and end of the design period. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Water Velocity Measurements in Open Channels Using Volumetric Current Meter (VCM)
  Seyyed Ali Akbar Moosavi Mohammad Abdolahipour-Haghighi Gholamreza Mohammadi
  An innovative Volumetric Current Meter (VCM) was designed in order to allow quick velocity measurements in open channels. At first, the coefficient of velocity (Cv) of the device was determined through calibration under different water velocities in the laboratory. The More

  An innovative Volumetric Current Meter (VCM) was designed in order to allow quick velocity measurements in open channels. At first, the coefficient of velocity (Cv) of the device was determined through calibration under different water velocities in the laboratory. The measurement performance was verified by measurements performed in similar flows in irrigation channels using an ordinary current meter. The obtained results showed that the new device can be used to measure the discharge with an acceptable precision (RMSE and MAD equal to 5.353% and 0.027, respectively compared to a digital flow meter). It was shown that velocity computation by using this device will result in a lower precision in higher water velocities. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Calibration of Area-Reduction Empirical Method for Dam Reservoir
  Seyed Habib Musavi-Jahromi Maryam Eghdam Hossein Sedghi
  The mathematical model of Area-Reduction empirical method is written through MATLAB software. Three periods of the hydrologic survey are required to run, calibrate and validatethe model. The Dez Dam, which is one of the most significant dams of the Middle East with thre More

  The mathematical model of Area-Reduction empirical method is written through MATLAB software. Three periods of the hydrologic survey are required to run, calibrate and validatethe model. The Dez Dam, which is one of the most significant dams of the Middle East with three periods of hydrographic surveys in 1972, 2002 and 2011, has been chosen for the investigation. The annual average of the input sediment load to this reservoir was calculated by summation of the suspended load and bed load that were estimated through the sediment rating curve and experimental Karaushev curve, respectively. Upon running the model in order to predict the sediment distribution in 2002, the optimization was done by combining MATLAB and Genetic Algorithm models. The research was validated by comparing the results of the calibrated model in 2002 and 2011 with the measured data in the corresponding years. Additionally, Sediment distribution in the reservoir was predicted for 2032 and 2052 using the optimized model. Input data of the calibrated model can be changeable, so the calibrated method can be generalized for other reservoirs as well. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Estimation of Discharge over the Submerged Compound Sharp-Crested Weir using Artificial Neural Networks and Genetic Programming
  A. Abbaspour S. Hashemikia
  Truncated sharp crested weirs are used to measure flow rate and control upstream water surface in irrigation canals and laboratory flumes. The main advantages of such weirs are ease of construction and capability of measuring a wide range of flows with sufficient accura More

  Truncated sharp crested weirs are used to measure flow rate and control upstream water surface in irrigation canals and laboratory flumes. The main advantages of such weirs are ease of construction and capability of measuring a wide range of flows with sufficient accuracy. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) and genetic programming (GP) have recently been used for estimation of hydraulic data. In this study, theywere used as alternative tools to estimate flow discharge over the submerged truncated weirs. The hydraulic parameter of water flow rate,Qwas determined as functions of thecrestwidth b, upstream head h, weir height P1,tail waterdepth , and flumewidth B. Estimations of the ANN and GP models were in good agreement with the measured data. The ANN model results were compared with those of the GP1,GP2, GP3and GP4 models and showedthat the proposed ANN models are much more accurate than the GP models.In addition, GP2 model has a better performance than GP1,GP3, GP4models. Manuscript profile
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  5 - Evaluation of Artificial Intelligent Methods to Release Sediments from Reservoirs by Pressurized Flushing
  Milad Abdolahpour Ali Hosseinzadeh Dalir Hadi Sanikhani
  Sedimentation in reservoirs is an important issue that should be considered for the reservoirs operation and useful life. In this study, application of the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in prediction of the sediment re More

  Sedimentation in reservoirs is an important issue that should be considered for the reservoirs operation and useful life. In this study, application of the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in prediction of the sediment release from the bottom outlet using semi-cylinder for different variables was evaluated. Dimensionless parameters such as dimensionless length and height of the gap and water level were considered. The results indicated that both ANFIS and ANN hadan acceptable performance in this matter. The best performance of the ANFIS and ANN models had root mean square errors equal to 3.95×10-5 and 4.34×10-5, respectively. Manuscript profile
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  6 - Numerical Simulation of Sediment Distribution and Transmission in Pre-Sedimentation basins Using FV Method and Comparison with the Experimental Results
  Mohammad Reza Borna Mohammad Reza Pirestani
  Pre-sedimentation basins are among the most important elements of the conventional water treatment process. In pre-sedimentation basins, due to different velocity gradients, secondary and rotational flows are formed that will create short paths and increase dead and sti More

  Pre-sedimentation basins are among the most important elements of the conventional water treatment process. In pre-sedimentation basins, due to different velocity gradients, secondary and rotational flows are formed that will create short paths and increase dead and still flow zones as well as changes in the flow mixing. This will prevent laminar flow conditions for sedimentation and will reduce the basin efficiency. The first step in optimization of the pre-sedimentation basins is the correct calculation of the velocity field and rotating zones volume. In this study, flow in a rectangular basin was simulated numerically and continuity and Novier-Stokes equations were solved using the Finite Volume method. 3-D flow simulation was performed using standard k-ε turbulence model and flow velocity profiles at different sections of the pre-sedimentation basin were compared with the experimental results and the results were in good agreement. Then, in order to investigate the sedimentation pattern in pre-sedimentation basin, convection-diffusion equation of the sediment concentration was simultaneously solved with the governing equations of the flow hydraulics. Finally, vertical distribution of sediment concentration at different basin sections was compared with the experimental and numerical results of other researchers. The results indicated a good agreement between the numerical and experimental results as well as the model ability to predict sediment distribution profiles in pre-sedimentation basins. Manuscript profile
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  7 - Sensitivity Analysis of Meteorological Parameters in Runoff Modelling Using SWAT (Case Study: Kasillian Watershed)
  Mohsen Ghane Sayed Reza Alvankar
  Determination of river runoff is essential in design and construction of most hydraulic structures including dams. In rivers with no measurement stations, the hydraulic models can be used for data estimation. SWAT is one of the most widely-used numerical models. In this More

  Determination of river runoff is essential in design and construction of most hydraulic structures including dams. In rivers with no measurement stations, the hydraulic models can be used for data estimation. SWAT is one of the most widely-used numerical models. In this model, input influential meteorological data as precipitation, temperature, wind speed, solar radiation and relative humidity as well as watershed data including the curve number and roughness coefficient are required to calculate the watershed runoff. The lack of weather stations in some watersheds increase the risk that the registered data in a station do not represent the whole watershed. Consequently, runoff estimation error should be determined. This research evaluates the sensitivity of the river runoff estimation to variations of the meteorological parameters such as precipitation, solar radiation, wind, humidity and temperature using SWAT numerical model. The results indicated that with a 30% decrease in the average monthly precipitation, solar radiation, relative humidity, wind and temperature, a 64.27% decrease, 114.67% increase, 45.93% decrease, 126.12% increase, and 39.21% increase was observed in the modeled runoff, respectively. Manuscript profile