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        1 - Presenting the ethical decision-making model of Iranian soccer and futsal referees
        fateme fahimi Reza Shajie
        Purpose: The purpose is to provide a model of ethical decision-making for Iranian football and futsal referees. Research method: according to the purpose, this research method is descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of the research was made up of active r More
        Purpose: The purpose is to provide a model of ethical decision-making for Iranian football and futsal referees. Research method: according to the purpose, this research method is descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of the research was made up of active referees of the Premier League of Football and Futsal in the season of 1402-1401. Out of this number, 105 people formed the statistical sample. 28-question ethical decision-making questionnaires and 15-question ideology questionnaires were used to measure the research. The reliability of the questionnaires was obtained using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.89 and 0.79 respectively. The construct validity of the questionnaires has also been adjusted using confirmatory factor analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to classify raw scores, design a frequency distribution table, and calculate dispersion indices such as mean, standard deviation, and frequency. Also, research hypotheses were tested using path analysis with the help of SPSS and PLS Smart statistical software.Findings: The results of the research showed that the ethical decision-making model of Iranian football and futsal referees has the necessary fitConclusion: The research results show that the analysis of moral ideology in the world of sports, games and competition is not as simple as it seems. In any case, solving ethical issues in Iranian sports without considering the intellectual and ideological foundations is an action that not only does not solve a problem but will add to its complexity. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Comparing the Effectiveness of Training Kohlberg’s Hypothetical Dilemmas, Training the Real Life Dilemmas, and Training Positive Emotion Induction on Moral Decision Making
        توران علیزاده شعله امیری محمد طاهر نشاط دوست هوشنگ طالبی
        The aim of the research was to study the effectiveness of training Kohlberg’s dilemmas procedures, real life dilemmas, and positive emotion induction on moral decision making. This was a pre-test and post-test quasi-experimental study with control group. The sample cons More
        The aim of the research was to study the effectiveness of training Kohlberg’s dilemmas procedures, real life dilemmas, and positive emotion induction on moral decision making. This was a pre-test and post-test quasi-experimental study with control group. The sample consisted of 120. female students selected via multistep cluster sampling method, who were randomly, assigned into four groups. The experimental groups received Kohlberg’s dilemmas and real life dilemmas during 8 sessions, 70 minutes each, one group was induced by positive emotion and the control group was left untreated. All the participants completed the daily moral decision making task (Starke et.l, 2011) as the pre-test, post-test and the follow up. Adopting MANCOVA and ANCOVA for data analysis, the findings showed that, training groups and induction positive emotion were effective in moral decision making (P < 0.05). The follow up L.S.D test showed that although all intervention methods were effective in moral decision making (P=0.01), none of the interventions had significant difference with each other. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - Effective decision making from the perspective of Quran and Nahj al-Balagha
        maryam Rahmaty Amir Daneshvar Fariba Salahi Mahdieh Akhbari
        One of the concerns of all people, especially managers, is decision making. This importance has doubled with recent advances in the humanities and the emergence of new ethical issues in modern management ethics, and has combined ethical decision-making with particular c More
        One of the concerns of all people, especially managers, is decision making. This importance has doubled with recent advances in the humanities and the emergence of new ethical issues in modern management ethics, and has combined ethical decision-making with particular complexities. In this article, in order to institutionalize ethical decision-making in the community of managers, by presenting an Islamic model from the point of view of Amir Mo'menan in Nahj al-Balagha, the decision-making component in the ethics of managers has been developed. For this purpose, the issue of ethical decision-making was studied and its components were stated in Nahj al-Balagha. In the words of Imam Ali (AS), the components of moral decision-making include knowledge and insight, trust, consultation, trustworthiness, justice, and so on. Pests of moral decision-making from the perspective of Nahj al-Balagha also include inability to predict and evaluate possible consequences, haste, overcoming emotions and material benefits. Finally, a model for decision making based on Islamic principles has been developed. Finally, it is recommended that people who are at the top of decision-making and determining the spelling of people, be familiar with Islamic teachings and texts and use the model presented in this study as a model and guide. Manuscript profile