List of Articles judge's knowledge Open Access Article Abstract Page Full-Text 1 - Testimony and its conflict with the presumption juris tantum (judge science) from the point of view of jurisprudence and law Aboulfazl Alishahi GHalehgoghi Alireza Mollashahi mansor gharibpoor 10.22034/ijrj.2023.705649 Open Access Article Abstract Page Full-Text 2 - Examining the Validity of Evidences Without Religious and Legal Conditions, in Order to Complete the Knowledge of the Judge, from an aspect of Iran’s Jurisprudence and Criminal Law Seyyed Sadroddin Hoseini Pasandi Sayyedeh Bahareh Arjmandian Sayyed Mahdi Ahmadi 10.71654/10.71654/jcld.2025.1203391 Open Access Article Abstract Page Full-Text 3 - Examining the formal and substantive jurisprudential and legal foundations of using evidence in proving crimes Saeed Alboshokeh Seyed Hasan Hoseyni Hassan Heidari