List of Articles hints

• Open Access Article
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  1 - Subjectivity or Method of the Indications in the Validity of Ijtihad by Looking at Holy Quran and Narrations
  Mostafa Rashedi Ahmad Reza Tavakoli Mohammad Ali Heidari
  There is a debate among the jurists as to whether the judge's knowledge of the event can have an external effect on his verdict, in the sense that even if he is aware of the event between the two parties in any way, what is valid for him to rule based on it, is only the More

  There is a debate among the jurists as to whether the judge's knowledge of the event can have an external effect on his verdict, in the sense that even if he is aware of the event between the two parties in any way, what is valid for him to rule based on it, is only the hints appointed by the Sharia which are evidence and confession, or the knowledge of a judge without specific hints has the authority to issue a rule. The result of this debate on the validity of ijtihad or the adequacy may show itself and be useful in terms of its single criteria. Since examination of the hints (evidence and confession) is a completely specialized matter in the field of expertise of a mujtahid, then assuming that indication and evidence are relevant in proving a claim and verdict, then ijtihad is necessary for judgment, and if we can prove evidence and confession are only a way to the truth then the truth is revealed to the judge and the judge can issue a verdict, so ijtihad is not necessary. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
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  • Full-Text
  
  2 - Boosting Vocabulary Learning and Retention in EFL Learners: The Impact of Visual Hints in Educational Games
  khorshid mousavi Nayer  Arshadi
  This study explores the effectiveness of visual hints in educational games on vocabulary learning and retention among intermediate EFL learners. Participants included 50 male and female students, aged 15 to 19, from the Ava Language Institute in Urmia, Iran. These nativ More

  This study explores the effectiveness of visual hints in educational games on vocabulary learning and retention among intermediate EFL learners. Participants included 50 male and female students, aged 15 to 19, from the Ava Language Institute in Urmia, Iran. These native Turkish speakers with Persian as their standard language were selected based on their performance on the Oxford Quick Placement Test (OQPT). The study employed a pretest-posttest design, utilizing the Vocabulary Knowledge Scale (VKS) for assessment. Participants were divided into two groups: a visual hints group and a control group, each comprising 25 students. Both groups engaged with the Spaceteam ESL game, an interactive mobile application designed for language learning. The visual hints group received additional visual aids before answering questions, whereas the control group did not. After 10 sessions, a vocabulary posttest was administered immediately and again one month later to measure retention. Results indicated that visual hints significantly enhanced both vocabulary acquisition and long-term retention compared to the control group. These findings suggest that integrating visual aids embedded in the educational games into language learning games can be a highly effective strategy for improving vocabulary knowledge among intermediate EFL learners. Future research should explore the long-term impacts and applicability across diverse learner populations. Manuscript profile