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Open Access Article
1 - Evaluation of geostatistical methods for mapping groundwater quality in Fars province
Vahid Ghafoori Nosratolahe Malekpour Amin MardaniGeostatistical methods are one of the most advanced techniques for monitoring of groundwater quality. In this research, we compare efficiency of three interpolation techniques namely IDW, kriging, and cokriging for predicting a few groundwater quality indices MoreGeostatistical methods are one of the most advanced techniques for monitoring of groundwater quality. In this research, we compare efficiency of three interpolation techniques namely IDW, kriging, and cokriging for predicting a few groundwater quality indices such as: Na+, TH, EC, SAR, Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+ and SO4. Data were gathered from 75 wells in Darab district, of Fars province. After normalizing the data, variograms were computed. A suitable model of fitness on experimental variogram was selected which was based on least RMSE value. Then the best method for interpolation was selected, using cross-validation and RMSE. Results showed that for all groundwater quality indices, cokriging performed better than other methods in simulating groundwater quality indices. Finally, using cokriging method, maps of Groundwater quality were prepared in GIS environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Study of Local and Temporal Changes of Groundwater Quality Standards of Hamedan-Bahar Plain Using (GIS) over a 10 Year Period
Sahar Eghbalian omid BahmaniBackground and objective: Groundwater is the valuable resources for drinking, agriculture and industry uses in the most regions of Iran. Groundwater qualitative changes can be created by human activity and industrial development. Study of these resources is necessary in MoreBackground and objective: Groundwater is the valuable resources for drinking, agriculture and industry uses in the most regions of Iran. Groundwater qualitative changes can be created by human activity and industrial development. Study of these resources is necessary in order to maintaining and improving their quality. The objective of this study is zoning and regional the specification parameters point of the case study. Finally determined the best method for zoning the each of the variables and permitted and infect areas in agricultural uses. In addition behavior variables were investigated in the 10 year period of time. Method: Qualitative data of Hameda-Bahar plain in Ten-year period were used in this study. Variables such as EC, TDS, SAR, HCO3, PH, Cl & Na evaluated by Geostatical methods include of Ordinary Kriging(OK),(by Circular, Gaussian, Exponential and spherical Semivariogram Modeling) and the specific methods include inverse distance weights (IDW), radial basis functions (RBF), global polynomial interpolator (GPI) and local polynomial interpolator (LPI), were zoning with ARCGIS9.3. Findings: Results indicated that the best method to zoning the qualitative parameters were IDW (EC), RBF (TDS), OK exponential semivariogram (HCO3), IDW (PH), RBF (Cl), OK exponential semivariogram (Na) and RBF (SAR) in Hamedan-Bahar plain. According to the best method the zoning of parameters was done for 2005, 2009 and 2014 years. Discussion and Conclusion: Results showed that Na had the maximum changes in ground water during the study period. The area percent for this parameter increased 3.21% from 2005 to 2014. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Zoning of Water Quality Using ANP and FANP Methods (Case Study: Birjand Plain)
Zahra Ghorbani Ali Shahidi Mohsen Ahmadee Atefeh SayadiBackground: Groundwater is the most important water sources in arid and semi-arid regions. Due to its nature, it is difficult to decide about groundwater quality at each part of a basin. Regarding to this, new techniques like multi criteria decision making and fuzzy met MoreBackground: Groundwater is the most important water sources in arid and semi-arid regions. Due to its nature, it is difficult to decide about groundwater quality at each part of a basin. Regarding to this, new techniques like multi criteria decision making and fuzzy methods has been used. This research was conducted to zone Birjand groundwater quality by using ANP and FANP methods. Material and Methods: Birjand plain located at the east of Iran with latitude between 32˚ 30’-33˚ 00’ and longitude between 58˚ 45’-59˚ 41’. In this study, the parameters: Mg2+, Ca2+, SO42-, Cl1-, total dissolved solids (TDS), pH and total hardness (TH) for 18 wells and 9 aqueducts were collected. Results: The results indicated that Cl1-, Mg2+ and pH had the most effective on groundwater quality so that these parameters showed the effectiveness as 17.2, 16.1 and 15.9%, respectively. Results of zoning and fuzzy showed that southeast had more quality rather than other regions. Concentrations of mentioned parameters were high in southwest. ANP result revealed that very good, good, moderate, semi inappropriate, inappropriate and bad quality regions were as 5.25, 10.56, 54.52, 15.89, 10.57 and 3.18%, respectively. These parts according to FANP result were 5.97, 22.01, 28.85, 30.16, 9.54 and 3.47%, respectively. Conclusion: Since FANP assumed uncertainty and spatiality, the area of moderate and semi inappropriate regions were closer in this method compare to ANP. Regarding to the results, it is recommended to dig more wells in east of Birjand basin for achieving better groundwater quality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - An Assessment of the Groundwater Quality Using the AqQA Model and Determination of the Most Suitable Method for Their Zoning (Case Study: Rafsanjan City, The Province of Kerman)
Ali Neshat razieh gholamrazaiBackground and Objective: Water quality determination is one of the basins management principles and one of the most important environmental and social issues in the world. In this study, in order to evaluate the water quality of Rafsanjan plain.Material and Method MoreBackground and Objective: Water quality determination is one of the basins management principles and one of the most important environmental and social issues in the world. In this study, in order to evaluate the water quality of Rafsanjan plain.Material and Methodology: Water quality data collected by Regional Water Company of Kerman from 33 wells of the region between 2002 and 2016, were analyzed by AqQA software. They were analyzed using Piper, Schoeller, Wilcox, Durov and Stiff graphs.Findings: Then the most appropriate interpolation method for water quality zoning was selected by the Geographic Information System (GIS) among Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) with powers of 1, 2 & 3 and Radial Basis Functions (RBF), Global Polynomial Interpolation (GPI), Local Polynomial Interpolation (LPI) and Kriging Method.Discussion and Conclusion: The results of water quality analysis based on Piper diagram showed that the study area has Na-Cl profile that belongs to the saline water group. The interpretation of Durov curve indicated that the amount of water soluble minerals in the water of area was more than 1000 mg/l that indicates there are high level of minerals in the water of area. The results also showed that salinity was very high in the study area due to the dominance of sodium and chloride ions in the water of the area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Evaluation of Trend and Spatial Distribution Pattern of Groundwater Quality Using Water Quality Indices (Case study: Hamedan-Bahar plain)
atefeh nouraki Abdul Rahim hooshmandBackground and Objective: Awareness of the quality of groundwater resources in the planning and sustainability management of water resources is a particular importance. This study aimed to investigate the Spatial and temporal variations in groundwater quality, to select MoreBackground and Objective: Awareness of the quality of groundwater resources in the planning and sustainability management of water resources is a particular importance. This study aimed to investigate the Spatial and temporal variations in groundwater quality, to select the best index and its zoning for managing the groundwater resources of Hamedan-Bahar plain. Method: In this study, to determine the process of changes in water quality parameters, the groundwater quality indices and its zoning were used from the chemical data of the groundwater of Hamedan-Bahar plain in the period 2005 to 2014. The physical and chemical parameters of water including TDS, Na, SO4, TH and pH were measured in 25 wells and by applying two non-parametric, Mann-Kendall tests and estimating the Sen's slope, the existence of a significant trend for the annual time series was evaluated at 95 and 99% significance level. Water Quality indices (WQI, WQIAmerican and CWQI) were evaluated annually and Giljanovic comparison method was used to compare the indices. Then, by using the GIS, the most appropriate interpolation method (from among IDW, RBF, LPI and GPI) was selected to zoning the best water quality index. Findings: The results of this study showed that 4% of the qualitative variables had a significant increase, 12% had a significant decrease and 84% without a trend. Based on the existing conditions, groundwater quality of Hamedan-Bahar plain was characterized by good, good and bad grades using WQI, WQIAmerican and CWQI indices respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the results of comparing different interpolation methods, RBF method was superior to other methods, and it has high accuracy and low error. Therefore, the interpolation was carried out with this method. In the end, the comparison the spatial zoning maps of the WQI index showed that at the beginning and the end of the 10-year statistical period, the index had a decreasing trend in the whole plain. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Spatial analysis of chemical parameters affecting groundwater quality using factor analysis and geostatistical methods (Case study: Bayza-Zarghan plain)
Hossein Behzadi Karimi Kamal OmidvarThe aim of this study was to determine the most important variables affecting the quality of groundwater in the Bayza-Zarghan plain by using factor analysis technique and estimation of spatial distribution of quality parameters in ArcGIS software. Data of 12 water quali MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the most important variables affecting the quality of groundwater in the Bayza-Zarghan plain by using factor analysis technique and estimation of spatial distribution of quality parameters in ArcGIS software. Data of 12 water quality parameters related to 27 wells were collected in summer, 2013. After normalizing the data, using factor analysis (FA), of hardness, salinity and water acidity, that accounted for 90% of the total variance in the data. The share of variables in each factor was determined after Varimax rotation, and two parameters with the most significant correlation with its factor was determined for each factor. The first factor, TH and Mg, the second factor, SAR and Na, and the third factor, pH and HCO3 were selected as the most important parameters in groundwater quality in the region. The results of definitive and geostatistical methods for estimating the above parameters were analyzed using the statistical criterion of RMSe. The results showed that for all variables other than pH, COKriging method is the most appropriate method. For TH and Mg, the G-Bessel model, for SAR and Na, the Rational-Quadratic model, for HCO3, the Exponential model, and for pH, the IDW model with power 1, had a lower error and increased the accuracy of the prediction significantly. Spatial zoning maps for the quality parameters indicated that TH, Mg, SAR and Na parameters reach the highest density in the southeast and the lowest density in the north of the plain. The pH changes show that its value is higher in the Banish area in north of the plain than in other areas. And in terms of HCO3, the northeastern and southern regions of the region are in poor condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Hydrogeochemical evaluation, groundwater quality and arsenic concentration of Sirjan plain using GIS and AqQa softwares
fahime ebrahime moghadam Ahmad AbbasnejadWater quality assessment is an important step for optimal and proper use of water resources for drinking and selection of suitable and consistent water quality patterns. Therefore, the necessity of studying water qualitycharacteristics in water resource management progr MoreWater quality assessment is an important step for optimal and proper use of water resources for drinking and selection of suitable and consistent water quality patterns. Therefore, the necessity of studying water qualitycharacteristics in water resource management programs has been highly considered. in this study, the water quality dada of Sirjan Plain, were gathered water quality data from 2002 to 2015, were analyzed by AqQA and SPSS software, and then evaluated using Schuler,Wilcox, and Stiff charts,in the next step by the data 2015 from(GIS) system,Interpolation method(IDW)was used to provide water quality zoning maps. The analysis results showed that the water quality, The groundwater piper diagram of the study area has the dominant Na-Cl facies and is grouped to saline waters. According to the Wilcox chart, agricultural water is predominantly saline and highly saline (C3 ,C4), According to the Schuler diagram, drinking water is of medium to completely unpleasant quality, And in terms of stiff diagrams, groundwater is in the type of sodium chloride and chlorinated water. The concentration of arsenic in many areas of this plain is above the standard .The data of the present study show One of the problems of water resources in Sirjan plain is the high amount of salt and soluble substances, Which shows the great influence of geological formations (evaporation) on groundwater resources and reducing the quality of water resources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Investigating of Hydro-geochemical of Groundwater in Shiramin Plain using Artificial Neural Networks
Reza Norouzi Somayeh Emami Hamed ShiralizadhehGroundwater is one of the most important water resources in arid and semi-arid regions. Increased water consumption due to population growth, has a great impact on quality and quantity of water supply. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of interpola MoreGroundwater is one of the most important water resources in arid and semi-arid regions. Increased water consumption due to population growth, has a great impact on quality and quantity of water supply. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of interpolation methods for predicting the spatial distribution of some groundwater quality indices for Shiramin plain. In this study, hydro-geochemical quality of groundwater resources for drinking, agricultural and industry purposes was investigated with the Wilcox and Schoeller Standards in Shiramin plain East Azerbaijan province, Iran. Further in the research, the modeling of quality parameters (TDS), EC and SAR is done with using artificial neural network. According to Schuler and Wilcox groundwater quality index, water was moderately suitable and unsuitable for agriculture and drinking, respectively. The most of the samples were in C3-S1 category. The results are representative of the acceptable performance of ANNs to predict groundwater quality. . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - USSL based Bonab’s groundwater quality experimental diagram for agricultural aims
Dariush Ahadi Ravoshti Ahmad Baybordi Leila Farjam Haji Agha
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