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  1 - The Effect of Brassinosteroied Application on Water Stress Tolerance of Coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.)
  Motalleb Hosseinpour Ali Ebadi Esmaeil Nabizadeh Hassan Habibi Soodabeh Jahanbakhsh Godekahriz
  Drought can have a dramatic effect on plant growth. To evaluate the effect of brassinosteroied on drought stress tolerance of coneflower a split split plot experiement based on randomized complete blook design was conducted in Mahabad. The factors were irrigation regime More

  Drought can have a dramatic effect on plant growth. To evaluate the effect of brassinosteroied on drought stress tolerance of coneflower a split split plot experiement based on randomized complete blook design was conducted in Mahabad. The factors were irrigation regime as the main factor, with three levels (irrigation after 70, 120 and 170 mm evaporation from pan class A), the use of surfactants with two levels (without and with half a liter per hectare) and spraying 24 – Epi- brassinosteroied with three levels (control, 10-8 and 10-7 M). In this study traits like photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll), auxiliary pigments (carotenoids, anthocyanins, flavonoids and phenolic compounds), SPAD index, stomatal conductance, MDA, economic performance (stem, leaf and flower yields), essential oil percent and essential oil yield were measured. The results indicated that interaction of irrigation regime by brassinosteroied application reduced the adverse effects of water stress on chlorophyll a by 28 percent. It was also revealed that the use of brassinosteroied (10-7 M) increased the variation of chlorophyll a by 35 percent and water stress reduced SPAD index by 25%. Use of brassinosteroied (10-7 M) increased SPAD index by 8%. Application of brassinosteroied (10-7 M) increased levels of carotenoids, anthocyanins and flavonoids by 17, 59 and 50 percent, respectively. Use of 10-7 M concentration of brassinosteroied under stress, also interested in stomatal conductance by 13 percent, as compared to that of not its using. The results of prediction function regression showed that stomatal conductance, amount of MDA and chlorophyll a, played significant roles in yield prediction. The results of water stress also, showed a determining role in reducing major growth factors of Echinacea purpurea. But the use of brassinosteroied along with surfactant solution increased its drought tolerance. Manuscript profile