According to international responsibility law, the injured person's contribution to the injury will reduce the amount of reparation. International environmental law considered the injured person's contribution as one of the precluding of reparation for environmental lia More
According to international responsibility law, the injured person's contribution to the injury will reduce the amount of reparation. International environmental law considered the injured person's contribution as one of the precluding of reparation for environmental liability, in addition to it considered as a basis for reducing the amount of reparation. The injured person's fault affects the determination of all environmental damages, including the cost of preventive measures. After the damage has been incurred also the injured person should try to reduce the amount of damage and if it is able to prevent and refuse to do so, contribution to the damage will be effective on Responsibility. When the injured person acts in spite of the assumption of risk, this principle can be applied. In addition to considering the injured person's contribution to the injury and conditions of implementation of that for environmental damages, this article tries to investigate the related issues of this principle in international environmental law.
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Environmental Law, enjoying a unique position in various legal systems of countries, is one of the significant majors of Public Law. The importance of the topic is due to the fact that Sustainable Development, as a fundamental concept, could only be achieved through its More
Environmental Law, enjoying a unique position in various legal systems of countries, is one of the significant majors of Public Law. The importance of the topic is due to the fact that Sustainable Development, as a fundamental concept, could only be achieved through its relation with this legal filed. Great importance has been attached to this matter to the extent that it has been identified as a necessary process by international conventions. Recently, in Iran’s legal system, the Environment Law has been studied within the framework of Community Law breaching of which would be subject to criminal punishment. The main goal of the present study is to elaborate on the claim right essence of the Environmental Law and to provide required protective solutions. In this article, the legal foundation of the Environmental Law has been reviewed and it has been revealed that the legislative body of the country, in spite of its claim-right nature, has not been successful in this regard and it is also possible to recognize Environmental Law as a Sustainable Development right.
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Equal to international efforts for more attention to the capacity of the earth and preservation of the resources which is the best of sustainable development، Islamic Republic of Iran try to pay its proportion of these efforts too. Emprises like establishing national co More
Equal to international efforts for more attention to the capacity of the earth and preservation of the resources which is the best of sustainable development، Islamic Republic of Iran try to pay its proportion of these efforts too. Emprises like establishing national committee of the sustainable development due to the Rio De Janeiro summit، interpolating the environmental consideration in the Laws of Economic، Social and Cultural Development Plans، and performing projects with cooperation of international towards preserving environment proofs these claims.
Despite of accomplishing all these emprises in different fields for achieving goals of the agenda 21 and approaching sustainable development we could state that there still are some shortages and incompetency in different fields specially in politics and laws. So considering the available incompetency and also preferences and necessities which is caused by the circumstances of the country، we could present some proposals such as utilizing management implements alike logical and economical tools as means of planning and management، promoting public co-operations and training environment to preserve of resources for sustainable development in Iran، active attendance in local and international environment co-operations and also codify and implement local agenda 21 that they are challenging for achieving the goals of the agenda 21 and approaching sustainable development.
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The aim of this study is to assess the potential of Dena watershed and provide sustainable livelihood strategies. This is a practical goal that used a combined model to assess the strength of the Central Zagros region. First, ecological parameters were identified to ass More
The aim of this study is to assess the potential of Dena watershed and provide sustainable livelihood strategies. This is a practical goal that used a combined model to assess the strength of the Central Zagros region. First, ecological parameters were identified to assess the ecological potential, and then layers were prepared by georeferencing, digitization, and timing. The study used data from Landsat 7 and IRS satellite imaging images. The layers overlapped and classified in the ArcGIS software, version9.2. In the next step, SCORE technique and reference to expert opinions were used to formulate the strategies. The results showed that 20.9% of the region needs protection and 19.8% is suitable for forestry. The lowest percentage of suitable use for the region belongs to the protection of water resources and then residential development. Analysis of the internal and external environment of sustainable livelihood management in the study area shows that opportunities and strengths have a higher average score than restrictions and risks. Finally, 11 management and legal strategies for sustainable livelihoods were developed in the Dena watershed.
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