List of Articles denotation

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  1 - The concept of meaning and its understanding process in Architecture
  Mostafa Abbaszadegan Abbas Zekri
  Meaning is a basic and key concept in Architecture, which due to its widespread use and its generality, needs recognition from architectural viewpoint. Since not all aspects and perspectives of architectural ontology have been studied well and also according to the high More

  Meaning is a basic and key concept in Architecture, which due to its widespread use and its generality, needs recognition from architectural viewpoint. Since not all aspects and perspectives of architectural ontology have been studied well and also according to the high appliance of the word »meaning« and its extensive fundamental and appliance and also since it is highly applied in all conversations and different fields particularly architecture; it can be concluded that semantic concept of meaning is the most basic necessity in recognition of this word. Therefore, it is tried to semantically study meaning in this essay based on the valid Persian and English dictionaries. According to the history of meaning, the study can be started from philosophy of Greece and it can be followed regarding philosophers of middle ages up to recent philosophers because the philosophy deals with meaning as a conceptual research. Since one of the most important principles of language is defined as »to scrutinize meaning and how to realize and understand them«. It is tried to introduce the theories that leads to philosophy of language in this research like the theories which are suggested by recent philosophers like Frege, Russell and Wittgenstein in the field of language. Consequently, the nature of meaning has been analyzed in the framework of semantic theory.  Interpretation, in fact, is understanding meaning; for this purpose, interpretation is conducted through analysis of formal and conceptual patterns and is concluded in importance of findings for interpretation of the text. What is important in interpretation and is considered in the theories of hermeneutic Scientifics and makes the interpretation useful is studying the two main issues in the process of understanding: First issue is our ability to understand the text as an interpreter. No interpreter can understand something just from nothing and then forms it. Everybody who wants to know more about a subject has a general understanding. The meaning of building is studied within its context. There is a relation between the denotation of text on meaning with denotative rules or semantic knowledge but the tool which makes denotation useful is interpretation which is conducted through hermeneutics and it is done by the interpreter. The semantic knowledge refers to the language but interpretation means what which is done by the person who understands the text and makes the denotation the source of effect that is the result of semantic knowledge. Therefore, interpretation means understanding meaning and essence of each text. Second is our familiarity with possibilities and data of language. This point is approved by the language level of interpretation because text can convey information and become meaningful only by use of interpretation. It is important to know that no text can convey the information unless with a familiar language for other person. Therefore, in order to convey the information of text properly by interpretation, a proper language should be found. Finally, according to the mentioned information in semantic and hermeneutic fields, the process of understanding meaning in architecture is declared as conclusion. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Portfolio Optimization Using Hierarchical and Denotation Clustering in Tehran Stock Exchange.
  mojtaba mirlohi nima mohammadi Todeshki
  The need to achieve optimal portfolio optimization criteria, which, in addition to the accuracy of investment decisions quickly, goes beyond academic needs, as investors, investment companies and investment managers need to reduce their investment losses, increase Risk- More

  The need to achieve optimal portfolio optimization criteria, which, in addition to the accuracy of investment decisions quickly, goes beyond academic needs, as investors, investment companies and investment managers need to reduce their investment losses, increase Risk-adjusted returns have always been discussed. However, it is very difficult to achieve a portfolio optimization method that fills the gap between applied requirements and theoretical models. Considering that one of the most important factors in achieving optimal returns is diversification. This research, with the theme of "Formation of optimal investment portfolio in Tehran Stock Exchange using hierarchical and K-means clustering methods", attempts to present a suitable method for portfolio optimization using market data and clustering. The result of this comparison will clarify the success rate of cluster optimization compared to the index portfolio. Manuscript profile
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  3 - The Role of Imam Khomeini (ra)’s thinking in Formation of the Islamic Republic Discourse
  حامد قورجیلی سجاد امری سید کاظم سیدباقری
  Nowadays, one of the very important issues is peace in the international arena. This type of thinking is derived from personality and identity of one nation and its leader. Imam Khomeini (ra) as one of the leaders affecting area of discourse-making in the Islamic Republ More

  Nowadays, one of the very important issues is peace in the international arena. This type of thinking is derived from personality and identity of one nation and its leader. Imam Khomeini (ra) as one of the leaders affecting area of discourse-making in the Islamic Republic of Iran has been favored by the world people. He has dealt with explication of his speech and thought taken from the holy Quran and Sunna considering the introduction of such discourse. Based on a central denotation named ummah and eight floating denotations of which peace is one of the most important denotations, he has taken discourse into account. This article descriptively-analytically explores the issue that what role thinking of Imam Khomeini (ra) played in discourse of the Islamic Republic of Iran and what is floating denotation of peace in this discourse? Manuscript profile
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  4 - The Study of Semantic Molecules of the Name of Highly Frequent Animals in the Proverbs of Sirjani Dialect: Cognitive Semantics
  Tahereh Ezatabadi poor Ashrafossadat Shahidi Mustafa Soleimanian
  10.30495/irll.2023.1962365.1514
  The stories, lullabies, and proverbs of a region reflect the purest and deepest emotions, the most subtle thoughts and ideas and the realities of a society. One of characteristics of proverbs is the use of common and familiar words, such as animals’ names, plants, More

  The stories, lullabies, and proverbs of a region reflect the purest and deepest emotions, the most subtle thoughts and ideas and the realities of a society. One of characteristics of proverbs is the use of common and familiar words, such as animals’ names, plants, fruits, body parts and colors in referential concepts as well as non-referential and metaphorical ones, which are often with aim of highlighting a positive or negative semantic feature in them and attracting audience to the importance of the subject. The purpose of this study is to investigate the semantic molecules of name of high-frequent animals in proverbs of the Sirjani dialect in terms of semantic molecules. For this purpose, after collecting 950 proverbs of Sirjani dialect, 405 proverbs containing the names of different types of animals were extracted and proverbs of highly-frequent animals with cognitive-semantic approach were studied and several proverbs were mentioned from each animal. The results of data analysis showed that three domestic animals, donkey, dog and camel, respectively, are more frequent and more widely used than other domestic and wild animals in the proverbs. In terms of thematic denotation and function, social subjects are more used than another subjects in the proverbs. Manuscript profile
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  5 - The study of connotation and denotation meanings of verbs in Kelile va Dimne and Maghamat-e Hamidi
  Ashraf Shibani aghdam
    The technical prose of the Kelile ve Dimne and Maghamat-e Hamidi that comprised of implicit and explicit implications indicated a different style of education. Decrypting the connotations of these works revealed that contrary to the researchers' hypothesis that More

    The technical prose of the Kelile ve Dimne and Maghamat-e Hamidi that comprised of implicit and explicit implications indicated a different style of education. Decrypting the connotations of these works revealed that contrary to the researchers' hypothesis that argued about the high number of words comparing to meanings in the sixth century prose texts, more meanings developed because of approaching of these works to poetry and increment of secondary implications of word. By mental movement from a reference to another area, the reader gets new concepts. By educating and implicitly using of mental concepts in the narrative structure, the author of Kelile ve Dimne put more sustainable impact on the reader’s thoughts. Since the analysis of educational works revealed significant functionality due to the implicit and explicit implications, in this research we tried to study the contextual framework of these texts and investigate the statements and verbs to explain the author’s approach in terms of education. This article is derived from a research project that investigated the verb stylistic in six century prose texts and verbs had been assessed in basic and compound forms and also prepositions and then had been considered in the form of propositions because of the direct effect of context on the construction of verbs and creating meanings. Their functionality had also been analyzed with implementation of implicit and explicit meanings in these two works. Manuscript profile