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        1 - The effect of assertiveness training on quality of life and differentiation of dormitory female university students
        fateme poursadegh simindokht rezakhani
        The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of assertiveness training on quality of life and differentiation in the female students of Islamic Azad University of Roudehen, who lived in dormitory. It was a quasi-experimental research involving pre- and post- More
        The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of assertiveness training on quality of life and differentiation in the female students of Islamic Azad University of Roudehen, who lived in dormitory. It was a quasi-experimental research involving pre- and post-testing. The statistical population consisted of all female students who lived in the dormitory of Islamic Azad University of Roudehen during the second semester of academic year 2014-15. Thirtyfemale students who received low scores in The World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) scale (Ware & Sherburne,1992) and the Differentiation of Self Inventory-Revised (DSI-R) (Skowron& Friedlander,1998) were selected via convenience sampling and then were randomly placed into two equal-size groups: the experimental and the control group. The experimental group was trained on assertiveness as an independent variable in eight hour-long sessions (twice a week). The results of multivariate analysis of covarianceshowed that assertivenesstraining significantly affected quality of life and differentiation in the members of the experimental group. In other words, quality of life and differentiation were found out to be higher among the students who received assertiveness training in comparison to the ones who did not (p<0/01). Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Comparison of the effectiveness of Metacognitive Therapy and assertiveness Training on Social Avoidance and Distress of Junior high school students with Foreign language Anxiety
        khoshdavi ebrahimzade esmaiel soleymany Karim Sadeghi
        The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of metacognitive Therapy and assertiveness training on social avoidance and distress of students with foreign language anxiety (FLA). The research design was semi-experimental and the population of the study was all More
        The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of metacognitive Therapy and assertiveness training on social avoidance and distress of students with foreign language anxiety (FLA). The research design was semi-experimental and the population of the study was all students of public Junior high schools in Urmia, Iran. 60 students were selected following a multi-step random sampling procedure and were randomly assigned into three groups (N= 20 each). the data were analyzed using foreign language classroom anxiety scale (Horwitz, Horwitz & Cope, 1986) and social avoidance and distress scale (Watson & Friend, 1969). Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that metacognitive and assertiveness are effective in reducing social avoidance and distress, their effects are persistent in the follow-up phase (p <0.001). The obtained results show that metacognitive and assertiveness are effective in reducing social avoidance and distress students in both stages and the difference between metacognitive and assertiveness groups is not significant (p <0.05). Based on the results, there was no significant difference between metacognitive therapy and assertiveness training groups in reducing avoidance and social pressure (P <0.05). Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - Effectiveness of Group Assertiveness Training on Creativity of Fifth Grade Students in Tonekabon City
        Javad Khalatbari
        Abstract      Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of group assertiveness training on creativity 5thgrade students in Tonekabon City.      Method: The current study was of semi-experimental and the kin More
        Abstract      Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of group assertiveness training on creativity 5thgrade students in Tonekabon City.      Method: The current study was of semi-experimental and the kind of pretest-posttest with control group. The concerned community included all 5th grade students in Tonekabon in 2013-2014.The sample included 30 students selected by random multistage sampling method and were randomly divided into experiment and control groups. The instruments used in this study were form "B" Torrance Test of Creativity Scale.      Finding: Analysis of covariance showed that the two groups are statistically significant difference for all four dependent variables. Results of this study indicate that assertiveness training increases students' creativity. Manuscript profile