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Open Access Article
1 - Structural Relationship Between Randić Indices, Adjacency, Distance Matrixes and Molar Absorption Coefficient of Linear Conjugated Polyene Compounds
Avat (Arman) Taherpour Fatemeh Shafiee -
Open Access Article
2 - Topological Relationship Between One-Dimensional Box Model and Randić Indices in Linear Simple Conjugated Polyenes
Avat (Arman) Taherpour Fatemeh Shafiei -
Open Access Article
3 - Application of Empirical Bayesian Kriging to Map Soil Contamination by Heavy Metals (Case study: Esfarayen city)
safiye teymourzade Rouhollah Mirzaei Mohsen MohammadiBackground and purpose: Kriging methods especially ordinary kriging are more popular than other interpolation methods because of less uncertainty and the least possible variance. However, various complications in the procedure of this method limit its uses. Therefore, e MoreBackground and purpose: Kriging methods especially ordinary kriging are more popular than other interpolation methods because of less uncertainty and the least possible variance. However, various complications in the procedure of this method limit its uses. Therefore, empirical Bayesian kriging has been introduced to overcome the problems of ordinary kriging. Materials and methods: In this study, the efficiency of ordinary kriging and empirical Bayesian kriging was investigated to determine the spatial pattern of concentrations of Ni, Cu and Zn in the soils surrounding the Esfarayen industrial complex. For this purpose, 35 surface soil samples (0-20 cm) were collected in area of nearly 87 Km2 and the metal concentrations were determined in the soil samples using a Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS). The ordinary and empirical Bayesian kriging were utilized for interpolating and cross validation including RMSE, NSE and PBIAS were used to assess and compare the efficiency of two methods. Results: The results showed the mean concentration of Ni, Zn and Cu were 23.61, 58.47 and 12.51 mg/kg respectively. Based on the results the mean concentration of Zn and Cu were more than background concentrations of the metals, whereas Ni concentration was less than background concentration. Discussion and conclusion: The experimental vario-gram of Cu, Zn and Ni concentrations were best-fitted by exponential, exponential and spherical models respectively. The results of cross validation indicated that the empirical Bayesian kriging was more accurate than ordinary kriging to estimate the elements concentration, though this difference was not considerable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Examining the components of tradition and modernity in the novel 'āyene-hāye dar dār' (Lidded Mirrors)
Mahtab Tavakoli Bahram ParvinIn identify the causes of Iranian backwardness and finding appropriate solutions to exit of this situation, modernization movements, not only in the theoretical fields but also in literature, attracted the attention of theorists. Meanwhile, there are three views to mode MoreIn identify the causes of Iranian backwardness and finding appropriate solutions to exit of this situation, modernization movements, not only in the theoretical fields but also in literature, attracted the attention of theorists. Meanwhile, there are three views to modernity in literature: one group believes that modernity is a completely Western concept and is inefficient; the second group considers it acceptable due to its Western origin; and the third group maintains a balance between tradition and modernity. Houshang Golshiri, who has extensive knowledge in Persian literature and history, is one of the representatives of the third group. This research seeks to demonstrate how Golshiri, as a modern and at the same time traditional writer, has depicted the integration of modern and traditional storytelling methods without damaging the structure of the story and has given special importance to traditional elements in contemporary literature. The study is conducted using a library method and descriptive analysis to examine the components of tradition and modernity in the novel 'āyene-hāye dar dār' (Lidded Mirrors). The results of the investigations show that the use of narrative in classical texts, pragmatism, the use of short allegorical narrative, and the use of language as a traditional aspect are some of the old narrative methods in Golshiri's stories, and the combination of traditional and modern components together indicates his special attention to the place of tradition in literature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Cooling history and exhumation of the Nepheline Syenites, NW Iran: Constraints from Apatite fission track
Nasser Ashrafi Noriko Hasebe Ahmad Jahangiri -
Open Access Article
6 - Examining the Forex Market Based on Chaos Theory
Elahe Hadizadeh Mohammad Taleghani Soghra Barari Nokashti -
Open Access Article
7 - Critique and Plot Analysis of the Novel "Soiree of Hyenas" by Masoumeh Afrashi
Shahin GhasemiThe aim of the present study was to criticize the plot and type of narrative in a novel called "Soiree of the Hyenas" by "Masoumeh Afrashi" based on new models of structuralism and narratology. The research design was descriptive-analytical. In the descriptive part, dat MoreThe aim of the present study was to criticize the plot and type of narrative in a novel called "Soiree of the Hyenas" by "Masoumeh Afrashi" based on new models of structuralism and narratology. The research design was descriptive-analytical. In the descriptive part, data was obtained through documents and librarary and in the analytical part, the “soiree of hyenas” novel was studied. First, a brief history of structuralism and narratology in fiction was introduced and then two models of communication (linking and breaking) in plot structure were discussed. The results of critique and analysis of the plot structure and type of narrative in the novel based on research theories showed that a similar pattern could be drawn for it, because a value (ultimate goal) called human responsibility fulfilment and defending Islam and the homeland was observed. Also, the "sender" was not always a character, but sometimes an inner feeling and force played the role of a character that arised from religious beliefs, and no worldly reward or external character was involved in this and the sender's force was impersonal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - A Study and Analysis of the Extracorporeal Novel from Chastity of the Infinite with an Approach to Feminist Foundations (Pathological Attitude)
vahab moradian MOSTAFA YEGANI ardeshir sadreddiniFeminist ideas that began in Europe after the contemporary post-industrial revolution and spread throughout the world also came into the field of literature, and many gender-based writers addressed women's diminished rights in patriarchal societies and women's concerns. MoreFeminist ideas that began in Europe after the contemporary post-industrial revolution and spread throughout the world also came into the field of literature, and many gender-based writers addressed women's diminished rights in patriarchal societies and women's concerns. On the micro and macro levels. Given the rootedness of patriarchal beliefs in Arab societies, addressing women's issues in the literature of these countries is valid. In the meantime, Efaf Al- Batayeneh, in her Kharej Al-Jasad novel, is influenced by feminist beliefs and the patriarchal structure of her societies, with a critical approach of attempting to describe the plight of women and suggest ways to get this class out of the situation. In this research, using the feminist foundations and the descriptive-analytical method, the author's views on the novel are explained and explained. The results of the study show that: Al- Batayeneh issues such as: the complete subjugation of women to men; traditional marriage in Eastern societies; Man, egalitarianism, has criticized society's false beliefs. As the main character of the novel, Semen, having traveled to Western countries and renamed himself, has completely undergone cultural transformation and negated the components of the patriarchal and patriarchal culture of Arab society Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Studying Why the Repentance of Male Fornicator is Given no Lesser Punishment, after Qiyam Bayyinah(A Criticism on Article 114 of the Islamic Penal Code)
Mojtaba HosseinnezhadBased on the verdict of whether or not to accept the repentance of male fornicator after Qiyam Bayyinah, there is a disagreement between jurists. Although some jurists such as Sheikh Sadooq and Sheikh Mofid believe that the repentance of male fornicator makes him deserv MoreBased on the verdict of whether or not to accept the repentance of male fornicator after Qiyam Bayyinah, there is a disagreement between jurists. Although some jurists such as Sheikh Sadooq and Sheikh Mofid believe that the repentance of male fornicator makes him deserving of lesser punishment, most of them are in an agreement that it cannot conducive to commutate the punishment. This was outlined by Article 114 of the Islamic Penal Code. Taking into account all these comments as well as examining them, the authors arrive at the conclusion that even though there are many narrations. No reference or documentary value specified to prove that the repentance of male fornicator makes him undeserving of lesser punishment. It is due to some evidence including the Istishab principle and the Hadd punishment etc, according to believers’ claim of first quote. There is also some weak evidence to believers’ claim of second quote including the lack of documentary evidence and relying on Tuaf al-uqūl narrative. Thus, the important thing is to investigate if the reputation evidence is reliable. After reviewing the documentations, it becomes clear that the believers’ claims of first quotes provide no proof of eligibility to be ascribed to. None of the believers’ claims of second quotes, on the other hand, are veracious except those of Tuaf al-uqūl narratives. Neither the believers’ claims of first quotes nor the believers’ claims of second quotes, except those of Tuaf al-uqūl narratives, are veracious enough to be ascribed to. However, the believers’ claims of second quotes are thoroughly complete concerning the Tuaf al-uqūl narratives. There is no problem with investigating the documentations. Confirming the authenticity of this document as being thoroughly complete according to the believers’ claims of second quotes, there is no doubt to accept the second quote in this regard. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Variations in microbial load of raw milk and influencing factors form dairy farms to collection centers of Esferayen area
عبداله Jamshidi رضا Vakili حسام Seifi جواد Hajizadeh Raw milk is among the highly perishable foods which are subjected to various environmental contaminations following milking. In this study, the factors influencing bacterial load of bulk-milk were investigated. For this purpose, 100 samples were obtained fr More Raw milk is among the highly perishable foods which are subjected to various environmental contaminations following milking. In this study, the factors influencing bacterial load of bulk-milk were investigated. For this purpose, 100 samples were obtained from dairy farms around Esferayen during spring, summer and autumn of 2009. The samples were taken in three stages: after milking, before transportation from dairy farm, and before delivering to milk-collection-center. The samples were analyzed for total bacteria count (TBC). To determine the factors which could influence the TBC of raw milk, a questionnaire sheet where designed. Statistical analysis were performed by means of logistic regression (genmod procedure), using SAS software (version 8.2). According to the results of this study, maintaining cold chain throughout the transportation and storage of raw milk, prevention of mastitis, cleaning and sanitizing of containers and equipments, age and breed of dairy cattle as well as indirect factors such as education level of dairy farmers, distance to milk-collection-center had significant effects (P<0.05) on microbial count of bulk-tank-milk. It was concluded that to reduce bacterial in raw milk, it is crucial to maintain cold-chain throughout milking process, wash teats with sanitizers, improve the hygienic condition of the milking utensils as well as to improve the overall quality of personnel education. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - بررسی جامعهشناختی حجاب زنان در شهر اسفراین اعتماد و حجاب
ابراهیم صالح ابادیبا تهاجم فرهنگی در دو قرن اخیر بر جوامع اسلامی، موضوع پوشش و حجاب جزء جنجال برانگیزترین مسائل مطرح شده قرار گرفته که نتیجه آن دست کم از نظر برخی ایجاد تردید در ضرورت آن بوده است. مسأله حجاب از مهمترین مسائلی است که بعد از انقلاب اسلامی تاکنون مسؤولان نظام جمهوری اسلامی Moreبا تهاجم فرهنگی در دو قرن اخیر بر جوامع اسلامی، موضوع پوشش و حجاب جزء جنجال برانگیزترین مسائل مطرح شده قرار گرفته که نتیجه آن دست کم از نظر برخی ایجاد تردید در ضرورت آن بوده است. مسأله حجاب از مهمترین مسائلی است که بعد از انقلاب اسلامی تاکنون مسؤولان نظام جمهوری اسلامی را به خود مشغول داشته است. از نظر جامعهشناسی، حجاب مانند هر پدیده اجتماعی دارای بنیادهای اجتماعی است که مقوم آن هستند. یکی از این بنیادها و مقومها، اعتماد میباشد. اعتماد اجتماعی یکی از مقولات و عناصر بنیادین در برقراری تعامل اجتماعی و یکی از عناصر اساسی نظم در جامعه است. در چند دهه اخیر مفهوم اعتماد اجتماعی با چشم اندازهای متفاوتی در نظریات اجتماعی مطرح گردیده و به عنوان یکی از مهمترین مبینهای جهان مدرن مطرح است. در این مقاله تلاش میشود تا با بهرهگیری از مفهوم اعتماد، حجاب زنان را توضیح دهد. روش تحقیق پیمایشی و با استفاده از پرسشنامه مشخصات زمینه ای و حجاب 390 زن بین سنین 15-30 سال مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که بین مؤلفههای اعتماد( میزان اعتماد به صدا و سینما و مسؤولین دولتی، میزان اعتماد عمومی و میزان اعتماد به خانواده) از یک سو و میزان حجاب از سوی دیگر، رابطه معناداری وجود دارد. بیشتر افرادی که به مسولین دولتی و صدا و سیما اعتماد کم دارند، از اعتماد عمومی کمی برخوردارند و همچنین به خانواده خود، کمتر اعتماد دارند، بدحجاب هستند و کسانی که در این مؤلفهها میزان بیشتری از اعتماد را دارند، محجبه هستند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Extraction and Identification of flavon from Artemisia turanica Krasch the extract which has been collected from Esfarayen, Khorasan province
Sara Safari maboubeh TaherkhaniMany researches have been conducted on identification and extraction of natural compounds from Artemisia such as monoterpenes, sesquiterpens, diterpenes, flavonoids, phenolic with the biological and pharmaceutical properties. Due to the importance of this genus, the pur MoreMany researches have been conducted on identification and extraction of natural compounds from Artemisia such as monoterpenes, sesquiterpens, diterpenes, flavonoids, phenolic with the biological and pharmaceutical properties. Due to the importance of this genus, the purpose of the present study is extraction, purification and structure elucidation of a natural compound. This compound was isolated from aerial part of Artemisia turanicaKrasch. in Esfarayen at full flowering stage. So the extract obtained by maceration method and evaporated to dryness. The dried extract defatted for removing the hydrocarbons with long chains and separated by column chromatography over silica gel. All fractions were investigated by thin layer chromatography to determine the presence of natural compounds. Then, the natural compound was identified using spectrometric methods (IR, 1HNMR and 13CNMR). The results led to the identification of a flavon called 3,5,3́,4́-tetrahydroxy, 7,5́-methoxy flavones, for the first time in this plant. Therefore, it is anticipated that the plant has high antioxidant effects due to the presence of flavonoids in the plant extract. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - اهداف اصلاحی و شاخص انتخاب مطلوب برای بز کرکی رایینی در سامانه مرتعی
ن. کارگر برزی ا. آیتاللهی مهرجردی م.ع. عباسیهدف از این مطالعه تعریف اهداف اصلاحی و شاخص انتخاب مناسب برای بز کرکی رایینی توسط شبیهسازی رایانه­ای بود. معیار انتخاب برای افزایش تولید شیر، گوشت و کرک در این نژاد وزن بدن بز ماده (BWD)، وزن شیر تولیدی (MW)، وزن کرک تولیدی (CW)، وزن بزغاله برای فروش (WK) و تعداد ب Moreهدف از این مطالعه تعریف اهداف اصلاحی و شاخص انتخاب مناسب برای بز کرکی رایینی توسط شبیهسازی رایانه­ای بود. معیار انتخاب برای افزایش تولید شیر، گوشت و کرک در این نژاد وزن بدن بز ماده (BWD)، وزن شیر تولیدی (MW)، وزن کرک تولیدی (CW)، وزن بزغاله برای فروش (WK) و تعداد بزغاله برای فروش به ازای هر بز ماده بودند. چهار شاخص انتخاب (I1–I4) جهت مقایسه پیشرفت ژنتیکی برای صفات موجود در شاخص انتخاب تشکیل گردید. بیشترین پیشرفت ژنتیک در شاخص انتخاب کامل (I1) با نسبت بز نر 4/0 برآورد گردید. بنابراین مناسب ترین شاخص انتخاب در این نژاد شاخص انتخاب 1 شامل صفات وزن بدن بز ماده، وزن شیر تولیدی، وزن کرک تولیدی، وزن بزغاله برای فروش و تعداد بزغاله برای فروش به ازای هر بز ماده می­باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Mystical Symbolizing in I Ching, Feng Shen Yen I and Attār of Nishapur’s Mantiq-ut-Tayr (Simorgh, Duck, Rooster, Goose and Crane): A Comparative Study
Azim Hamzeian Raheleh MirakhorliSymbolic and allegorical poems are considered as literary masterpieces of Persian language and have similar examples in other languages such as two works from China called I Ching and Feng Shen Yen I. The present study intends to compare Mantiq-ut-Tayr with these two bo MoreSymbolic and allegorical poems are considered as literary masterpieces of Persian language and have similar examples in other languages such as two works from China called I Ching and Feng Shen Yen I. The present study intends to compare Mantiq-ut-Tayr with these two books by employing descriptive-analytical method. In all three works, birds such as Phoenix (Simorgh), duck, rooster, goose and crane are mentioned when talking about suluk (spiritual journey). Considering the antiquity of these two books and based on the researches, it can be said that the Chinese were influenced by pre-Islamic Iran in religion and some arts. In the Islamic period, in the fields of art, symbolism, literary and mystical stories, writing styles in poetry and prose, many similarities can be found between Iranian and Chinese cultures. The results indicate that there are similarities between the patterns and actions of these birds (such as attention to suluk or spiritual journey, purity, purification of the soul, avoidance of self-deception, attention to the end of all ends, tolerance of sufferings and attention to the idea of eternity and immortality) in both Iranian and Chinese mystical traditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The Introduction of ( The Ayeneh Yoosefi ) The last Yoosef and Zulaykha from Fakheri Fassaee and the Study of its Affectability from The Holy Qur'an and The Torah
Mohammad Bagher Danesh Dar Seyyed Mohsen Sajedi Rad Samira RostamiAbstract We are going to study "The Ayeneh Yoosefi " or " Mer'atol Mahjoob " in this essay which is poetry around the story of Yoosef and Zulaykha from Shaikh Mohammad Ja'far Fakheri Fassaee ( 1290-1349 A. H. ). In the first e MoreAbstract We are going to study "The Ayeneh Yoosefi " or " Mer'atol Mahjoob " in this essay which is poetry around the story of Yoosef and Zulaykha from Shaikh Mohammad Ja'far Fakheri Fassaee ( 1290-1349 A. H. ). In the first evaluation, the story is told by Fakheri and its affectability is compared with the Qur'anic narration. In the second study, it is compared with what is told in The Torah. Finally the main issue, by drawing a chart, the common points of the story theme, either the main point or its subdivisions together with its details, is revealed to the readers. What was attained in this research was its %70 similarity of Fakheri's poetry with what is said in the Qur'an, and %45 likeness with the Torah. In the thematical point of view, in 40 studied items the poem has %12.5 difference with the Qur'an and %55 difference with the Torah. To attain a thorough corollary from the 40 studied items, we calculated the posed event, in general or trivial we used once more the percentage method. Manuscript profile
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