Nuclear Weapon

Open Access Article

1 - Comparative Study of Prohibiting the Use of Nuclear Weapons in Jurisprudence and International Law
Razie Razie Afzalzade Mahdi Rahbar

Human life preservation is of both lawyer and intellectuals' interests. Each weapon which threatens human life and causes collective murder is a danger for the sake of life and property security and its application is banned. The purpose of this research is illuminating More

Human life preservation is of both lawyer and intellectuals' interests. Each weapon which threatens human life and causes collective murder is a danger for the sake of life and property security and its application is banned. The purpose of this research is illuminating the basis and proofs for sanctity of application of this weapon based on jurisprudence and international law.  Jurisprudence proof including Verses relating to corruption in earth and also human life preservation, Narratives related to poisoning the enemy and prohibition of murdering the women and children and environment preservation, intellect reason, Vezr and Elzam principal and finally law proofs including non-proliferation of nuclear weapons, United Nations Charter and the rule of prohibition of excessive pain are discussed. Investigating the above sources, prohibition of nuclear weapon application is proved in normal situation in both jurisprudence and international law. But in especial situation the sentence is different; some jurisconsults decreed the allowance of collective murder weapons application when the victory is subjected to it.  Investigation of international law doesn't provide any explicit reason for the prohibition of this weapon in the legitimate defense condition. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - US Approach to Disarmament and Arms Control after September 11th (2001-2020)
seyed mahmod mansorinasab Abomohammad Asgarkhani SOHRAB SALEHI

10.22034/sej.2021.1941808.1382

One of the most important strategic subjects in the realm of international relations between countries and international security is arms control and disarmament. In this regard, the purpose of the present research is to review the US approach to disarmament and arms co More

One of the most important strategic subjects in the realm of international relations between countries and international security is arms control and disarmament. In this regard, the purpose of the present research is to review the US approach to disarmament and arms control considering September 11th events 2001-2020. The research method is descriptive-analytic and the results indicate that the subject of disarmament and mass destruction arms control is one of the most important issues in the international level, particularly in relationships between Russia and the United States. The context of disarmament and arms control after the cold war has immensely been intricate and complicated. After September 11th, peaceful and multilateral international cooperation between countries did not end; but rather with regard to the US movements, the rules of the play firstly undertook a military aspect which led to a change in international discourse. Secondly, unilateralism was raised against multilateralism which affected all the countries. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Obligations of States in the Non-Proliferation System and their Executive Territory in Disarmament
Mohammad Jamadi Zeinab Poorkhaghan Leila Raiesi Dezaki

Mohammad Jamadi[1],Zeinab Poorkhaghan[2]*,Leila Raiesi Dezaki[3]   Abstract: Nuclear powers do not seem to have a guarantee of reducing their nuclear capability, and they are not blocked from developing. This situation has been aggravated especially with the rat More

Mohammad Jamadi[1],Zeinab Poorkhaghan[2]*,Leila Raiesi Dezaki[3]   Abstract: Nuclear powers do not seem to have a guarantee of reducing their nuclear capability, and they are not blocked from developing. This situation has been aggravated especially with the ratification of international conventions. The purpose of the present study is to identify the concept of governments' obligations in the non-proliferation system and its executive territory and to examine the challenges and gaps in this field. The main question of the present study is what are the obligations of states in the non-proliferation system and their executive territory in disarmament? The commitments of governments in the non-proliferation system have outweighed their individual interests over the interests of the international community, namely the preservation of international peace and security, protection of people's right to self-determination, protection of human dignity, preservation of common heritage humanity, the environment and the new international economic order, as a whole and have hindered its growth and excellence. [1].PhD student in public international law, Isfahan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.   [2].Assistant Professor, department of public international law, Isfahan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran, Corresponding Author [3].Assistant Professor, department of public international law, Isfahan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Possible scenarios about Russia's use of nuclear weapons in the Ukraine war
MOHAMMADHAMED KIANI Mohammad Reza Aghareb Parast Bashir Esmaeili Gonharani

10.30495/pir.2024.1998899.3686

Russia's military conflict in Ukraine, which began in February 2022 has global dimensions and various effects on the politics, economy and security of the international system. In the meantime, the evaluation of possible scenarios has a special place from the perspectiv More

Russia's military conflict in Ukraine, which began in February 2022 has global dimensions and various effects on the politics, economy and security of the international system. In the meantime, the evaluation of possible scenarios has a special place from the perspective of future studies.The main question of this article:What scenarios can be imagined if Russia uses nuclear weapons? The hypothesis that is raised following the mentioned question is that the use of nuclear weapons by Russia will have major geopolitical, geostrategic and geoeconomic effects for global security in the short and long term. The present article tries to present some possible scenarios in relation to the future of this war and its effects on the international system in the framework of scenario planning and using the descriptive-analytical method with emphasizing on component of nuclear weapons.For this purpose, offensive realism has been chosen as theoretical framework to better explain the behavior of the Russian government in Ukrainian war.The findings of the research show that Russia's use of nuclear weapons can, on the one hand, lead to a mutual reaction by the United States and NATO, and on the other hand, instead of helping to disarm nuclear weapons, lead to its spread Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - A Survey of the Attitudes of Americans and Iranians toward Iran’s Nuclear Issue
جلیل بیات سید جلال دهقانی فیروزآبادی

Abstract Most studies done about the nuclear program of Iran have used realism as theoretical framework to deal with relations of states and statesmen. They have neglected the impact of ideational elements like social inclination, attitudes and the social context. One More

Abstract Most studies done about the nuclear program of Iran have used realism as theoretical framework to deal with relations of states and statesmen. They have neglected the impact of ideational elements like social inclination, attitudes and the social context. One of the ideational forces which has impact on politics is beliefs and attitudes in the society which they call it public opinion. From the viewpoint of constructivist all the social phenomenon including foreign policy decisions are socially constructed. This rule applies to nuclear issue of Iran as well. Since political decisions are not made in vacuum, they are strongly influenced by values and norms of the society. The present article wants to examine and analyze the United States and Iran's point of view on Iran's nuclear issue based on public opinion polls and surveys which were conducted in both countries and it also tries to find out how they affect and shape the views and perceptions of the decision makers in both the countries.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - The Impact of Nuclear Weapon on Continuation of Imbalance Unipolar Structure
Mohammad Hatami Syed Mehdi Parsaei Sajed Bahrami Moghadam

The end of the Cold War and the emergence of “unipolar configuration” have generated considerable debate about how to explain a great power balancing position absence which was against the United States power. The concentration of almost hegemonic power in a More

The end of the Cold War and the emergence of “unipolar configuration” have generated considerable debate about how to explain a great power balancing position absence which was against the United States power. The concentration of almost hegemonic power in a country always triggers a counter- balancing coalition of other great powers. This is an iron law of balance of power theory. But why any counterbalancing power is not rising against the United States? Why other powers have not responded against almost hegemonic power of the United States despite what is anticipated by balance of power theory? The paper is of the view that in a nuclear world the goal of balance- i.e. the survival of states-can be achieved under a unipolar system and this configuration prevents the formation of a balance of power system. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Turkey Nuclear Activities: From Possibility To Refrain Towards Military Dimensions
saleh Rerzaei Pishrobat Fardin Ghoreisi

Turkey's nuclear activities in recent decades, including the 2010 agreement with Russia and the 2013 agreement with Japan to build and operate a 9,600-megawatt nuclear power plant, has changed discussion of the peaceful nature or focus of these activities on achieving n More

Turkey's nuclear activities in recent decades, including the 2010 agreement with Russia and the 2013 agreement with Japan to build and operate a 9,600-megawatt nuclear power plant, has changed discussion of the peaceful nature or focus of these activities on achieving nuclear weapons capability into one of the important security issues in the field of international relations. Whether to what The extent Turkey can achieve the capability of producing nuclear weapons is a question that the present article, based on historical research techniques and invoke on valid resources, has evaluated its answer. The findings of the study indicate that due to conflicting views within Turkey, the country's limited technological capacity in the field of nuclear technology, lack of cooperation of international partners, opposition of major world powers and finally obstacles of the existing legal and international regime. Turkey does not seem likely to be able to produce nuclear weapons in the foreseeable future Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - National Security of Israel and Strategy of Military Threat against Iran
Morteza Mahmoodi1

Israel is one of the most serious threats against the Islamic Republic of Iran. Since 1990 Israeli authorities have repeatedly announced that if Iran reach nuclear bomb and complete Bushehr nuclear plant, they will attack it. Iran's discourse after Islamic Republic revo More

Israel is one of the most serious threats against the Islamic Republic of Iran. Since 1990 Israeli authorities have repeatedly announced that if Iran reach nuclear bomb and complete Bushehr nuclear plant, they will attack it. Iran's discourse after Islamic Republic revolution have been deeply affected by cultural – religious factors, Independence and rejection of the hegemonic discourse, the discourse of Islamism and ethnic supremacy negation, the unity of the Islamic Forum and supportive discourses towards Palestinians and the elimination of Israel and the rejection of all foreign forces from the region which are caused by this issue. On the other side Israelis have announced their animosity towards Iran. Based on current discourse in Israel, Israeli authorities have said these reasons as their animosity towards Iran: Iran's support from Palestinian groups who are against Israel, Iran's opposition for Middle East peace process, Iran's reach to nuclear weapon. But from the evidence it can be seen that the main factor is nuclear weapon. Israeli authorities are worried about radical Islamism and nuclear weapon. The main cause of military threat of Israel towards Islamic Republic of Iran is ideological which should be said is forever. The main question of this research is that what is the main reason of military threat of Israel towards Iran? the hypothesis that answers this question is that the most important reason for Israel to threaten Iran is identity and fearing Iran to be nuclear and breaking its monopoly, increasing Iran's power and isolation of Israel in the region. Based on this, with securitization of Iran's issue and magnifying its threat on others minds Israel tries to use all the instruments again Islamic Republic of Iran, while Iran is pursuing peaceful nuclear energy for research and development. In this article we from Copenhagen School of thought the subject are examined. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Nuclear Weapons and the U. S. Strategy from the Washington Post Press during Khatami Era
Mohammadrahim Evazi Farzaneh Saifuri

Abstract While have been talked about trying of European union to economic relations with Iran for expansion of political relations, many of analyst believed that it can be indication of independency of Europe from America and taking approach in principle from this un More

Abstract While have been talked about trying of European union to economic relations with Iran for expansion of political relations, many of analyst believed that it can be indication of independency of Europe from America and taking approach in principle from this union. While in this competition and challenge, America with Europe in many items, didn't have any doubt. But with accuracy in revenue of this global actors in front of Iran are as a spirit in body. Emphasis of the European Union for the importance of Human rights and insisted of this subject, during planning economic or political problems show this reality. America follows the matter like expansion of the whole sale slaughter, struggle of Booshehr atomic power plant, accusation of hidden nuclear activities in Iran; continue codified form and programmable way to receive in weapons equipment.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Analyzing the Determinant Factors in the Military Balance of the Korean Peninsula
Hossein Shahmoradi Mohammad Hasan Sheikholeslami

Korean Peninsula as an ancient and strategic land, is the place of one of the most complex and difficult riddles of the international scene and factors such as the persistence of war condition due to non-signing of a peace treaty and consent to a fragile cease fire, the More

Korean Peninsula as an ancient and strategic land, is the place of one of the most complex and difficult riddles of the international scene and factors such as the persistence of war condition due to non-signing of a peace treaty and consent to a fragile cease fire, the continuous confrontational approach of the United States toward North Korea and its attempts to overthrow the North Korean government have made the military situation of Korean Peninsula more and more complicated. Therefore, the whole Northeast Asian region has also been affected. Meanwhile, this long-standing hostility has created several military alliances between the two Korea and global and regional powers, which in turn has a significant impact on the regional balance of power. In such a situation, the rising tensions between North Korea and the United States from the beginning of Donald Trump presidency and the accretion of threats and provocations from both sides, highlights the need for a thorough examination of the military situation on the Korean Peninsula. Research evidences suggest that in many factors, especially in quantitative terms, North Korea has a significant advantage over its southern neighbor, But South Korea has been able to significantly improve the quality of its military forces due to its military alliance with the United States. Nonetheless, factors such as unconventional weapons and missiles and also nuclear power make any conflict on the Korean Peninsula extremely dangerous. Manuscript profile

List of Articles Nuclear Weapon

Sanad

Links

Related Centers

Technical Support

Official pages