List of Articles Non-discretionary Factors Open Access Article Abstract Page Full-Text 1 - Data Envelopment Analysis Models In The Presence Of Ratio Data and Non-Discretionary Factors Azam Ahmadzadeh Open Access Article Abstract Page Full-Text 2 - Non-discretionary Factors in Data Envelopment Analysis: Review and Extension Mehdi Fallah Jelodar Open Access Article Abstract Page Full-Text 3 - Decision models for evaluation and selection of suppliers in the presence of cardinal and ordinal data, weight restrictions, and non-discretionary factors: An approach based on DEA with double frontiers Hossein Azizi Rasul Jahed Open Access Article Abstract Page Full-Text 4 - Efficiency of 4 stage supply chain in presence of non discretionary , undesirable and negative factors Using SBM model in DEA mehdi shoga farhad hoseinzadeh lotfi امیر غلام ابری Alireza Rashidi Komijan 10.30495/eco.2020.1899015.2357