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Open Access Article
1 - The Behavioral pattern of Russian foreign policy after 2000 and its future prospects
Touraj Hatami afshin zargar armin aminiResearch on Russian foreign policy in recent decades has always been a topic of interest and analytical appeal to researchers in the field of foreign policy and international relations. As the main heir to the Soviet Union, the Russian Federation still retains many of i MoreResearch on Russian foreign policy in recent decades has always been a topic of interest and analytical appeal to researchers in the field of foreign policy and international relations. As the main heir to the Soviet Union, the Russian Federation still retains many of its hardware components in a variety of forms. However, since 2000, when Putin and his entourage came to power, with the backing of his own powers (political, security, military and economic), Russia's recovery at the regional and global levels, as well as the process of Eurasianism and Neo-Eurasianism on the agenda. Russian Foreign policy was pursued, and on this basis a policy of regional balancing and appropriate countermeasures were taken against the ambitious and interventionist plans of the United States. Accordingly, the question of this research is how Russia has behaved in its foreign policy in the post-2000 period in order to achieve national goals and interests, and what are the salient features of its behavioral pattern?In this study, using the theory of neoclassical realism, the internal factors, variables of intellectual and cultural and Russian political currents, as well as the most important regional and trans-regional variables affecting the process and behavior of Russian foreign policy are examined. The findings and data used are collected on the basis of descriptive-analytical methods and on the basis of library and Internet studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Obama's Middle Eastern Strategy: From Assigning Responsibility to Allies to Accepting limited responsibility
فرزاد محمدزاده ابراهیمی محمدرضا ملکی سید جواد امام جمعه زادهAbstract There has been much criticism about Obama’s Middle East strategy and some believe that it lacked strategic prospect. An examination of the Middle East strategy of the United States under Obama administration from the viewpoint of neo-classic realism not MoreAbstract There has been much criticism about Obama’s Middle East strategy and some believe that it lacked strategic prospect. An examination of the Middle East strategy of the United States under Obama administration from the viewpoint of neo-classic realism not only does not approve this view but also indicates that Obama has adopted a coherent strategy from the beginning of his presidency towards the Middle East and on this basis he has made significant efforts to promote the United States national security. So it is interesting to answer this question as to what strategy Obama adopted vis-à-vis the Middle East and what policies was pursued to achieve those goals? The present article by a descriptive-analytical method wants to show that the Middle East strategy of the United States under Obama administration started with assigning responsibility to its allies within the framework of balancing from remote distance and by the passage of time moved to accept limited responsibility. Taking into consideration the closeness of Obama’s administration foreign policy to realism theory, the authors of the article believe that this theory can better explain the foreign policy of the United States under Barack Obama presidency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Saudi Arabia's alignment with Israel from the perspective of international relations theories
amirhossein nemati amir mohammad hajyousefiAbstractWith King Salman coming to power in 2015 and granting the Crown Prince with extensive powers and responsibilities to his son, Mohammed bin Salman, which led to the emergence of a new generation of leaders, this country’s policy in West Asia released from t MoreAbstractWith King Salman coming to power in 2015 and granting the Crown Prince with extensive powers and responsibilities to his son, Mohammed bin Salman, which led to the emergence of a new generation of leaders, this country’s policy in West Asia released from the conservative condition in respect to Israel, and a new alignment is emerging. This article by considering the theories of Waltz's balance of power, Stephen Walt's balance of threat and Randall Schuler's balance of interests, reply to this question that which theory or combination of theories can explain the origin of this alignment. To this end, the authors believe that Saudi Arabia's foreign policy making is based on, structural factors, and effective characteristics on government as a mediating variable which is in toward to the new alignment with Israel and balancing in west Asia in order to confront with I.R. of Iran. Although Stephen Walt's balance of threat is more efficient in explaining structural factors, Randall Schuler's theory has a higher explanatory power for simultaneously emphasizing the internal and structural factors of power in the form of balance of interest. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Using Russian soft power in Central Asia
Somaye Zangeneh ELAHEH KOOLAEE Shiva AlizadehIn recent years, Russia's soft power has attracted the attention of many Central Eurasian researchers. Actions taken by Russia to develop relations with Central Asian countries are usually called soft power. The using Russia's soft power policy in Central Asia can be ex MoreIn recent years, Russia's soft power has attracted the attention of many Central Eurasian researchers. Actions taken by Russia to develop relations with Central Asian countries are usually called soft power. The using Russia's soft power policy in Central Asia can be examined from different dimensions. Therefore, the article's central question is how Russia's use of soft power tools in Central Asia has influenced the foreign policy of the countries in the region. The hypothesis of the article is that Russia's use of soft power tools has led to the intellectual alignment of Central Asian leaders with Russia and their greater cooperation with the country's foreign policy goals. In this research, by using the theory of neoclassical realism and explanatory-analytical research method, the logic of using Russia's soft power in Central Asia, the efficiency of Russia's strategy in the Central Asia region, and the reasons and factors that determine Russia's soft power in the region have been discussed. It is the findings of this research show that transnational personal relations act as Moscow's main mechanism to influence the direction of the foreign policy of Central Asian countries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - The reasons of the US withdrawal from JCPOA based on the Neoclassical Realism Perspective
akram salehi mohammadreza dehshiri Rahmat HajiminiehJoint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) is one of the important legal and international events in the international relations history. This international agreement, result of two years formal and intensive negotiations, was signed between Iran and 5+1 countries, in V MoreJoint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) is one of the important legal and international events in the international relations history. This international agreement, result of two years formal and intensive negotiations, was signed between Iran and 5+1 countries, in Vienna. Following the signing of this document, the Security Council resolution 2231 legislated. According to this resolution, previous Security Council sanctions have been canceled and JCPOA signatory countries were forced to implement the commitments which were inserted on it. However, it did not take long time that the new president of America, Donald Trump, revealed his incompatibility with Iran's multilateral international nuclear agreement. Finally, the United States government officially gets out of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action. Therefore, this study tries to answer this question that, what are the reasons of the US withdrawal from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action? In order to answer this question this hypothesis examined that the US withdrawal of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action can be examined in individual level: Trump characteristics, national: unilateralism approach from the “First America” doctrine and systemic: supporting regional allies and consolidate America's hegemonic position. The research method in this study is descriptive-analytic and the method of data collection is library and internet. The use of neoclassical realism theory to examine the causes of America's exit of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action is the research innovation in the present study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The role of internal factors, governing institutions and influential figures in the neoclassical realism approach of Iran's foreign policy
seyed mahmoud kamalaraNeoclassical realism, based on the anarchic nature of the international system, has always been criticized by non-realists. Some theories consider neo-realism to be indifferent to the construction of the state and the internal factors affecting its behavior. This theory MoreNeoclassical realism, based on the anarchic nature of the international system, has always been criticized by non-realists. Some theories consider neo-realism to be indifferent to the construction of the state and the internal factors affecting its behavior. This theory is a combination of classical realism and neorealism, which considers the structure of the international system and internal factors.Therefore, the main goal of this research is to examine the role of internal factors, governing institutions and influential figures in the foreign policy of the Iran to examine, to examine the objectives, decision-making process and foreign policy behaviors of the iran, as well as to examine the sum total of the structure of the international system, systematic levels, and some effective internal factors in the foreign policy of the iran from the theory of neoclassical realism. We will use the method of examining dependent elements, especially the internal factors affecting the foreign policy of iran, to examine specific cases and existing examples, and the place of this theory and the role of internal factors, governing institutions and influential figures in foreign policy.The results of this research show that, considering the sensitive events in the foreign policy of the Iran, important and influential figures have a definite impact on the decision-making process and behavior of the foreign policy, and it can be said that the two components of the structure of the international system and internal factors are always He has drawn the shape of the behavior of the foreign policy of iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - US internationalism after eleven septamber and the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic (Structural or neoclassical approach?)
mohsen jamshidi Hamid Reza saeedy nezhadElleven septamber was just an accident, and the aftermath has been more of a reaction to the incident. The Islamic Republic has acted briefly in the neo-realist post eleven septamber era after eleven septamber, but based on the ideological approach of the Islamic Revolu MoreElleven septamber was just an accident, and the aftermath has been more of a reaction to the incident. The Islamic Republic has acted briefly in the neo-realist post eleven septamber era after eleven septamber, but based on the ideological approach of the Islamic Revolution, the country has always acted contrary to this theory and can be based on its performance as well as the data discussed in the research. Neoclassical realism has been the basis of Iran's foreign policy since eleven septamber. Iran's efforts to increase its regional role are aimed at enhancing relative security (defense realism). Following the Islamic Revolution and the ideological and strategic conflict with the United States, Iran sought to strengthen its asymmetric capability in the Middle East (aggressive realism) in order to weaken its military against the United States and confront the Western economic war. Supporting regional resistance groups irrespective of their ideology (religious sectarianism), the production and use of simple, low-cost weapons, and the proliferation of such weapons in the region (tendency and tendency for regional hegemony) are two important tactics in Iranian military doctrine. The battle is asymmetric. The author of the qualitative study and the descriptive-analytical approach will attempt to answer the existing question and prove his hypothesis through the data in question. Manuscript profile
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