Ovarian cysts is one of the problems of dairy cattle with high production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response to treatment of ovarian follicular cysts using calcium naloxone comparison with the conventional method of intramuscular GnRH injec More
Ovarian cysts is one of the problems of dairy cattle with high production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response to treatment of ovarian follicular cysts using calcium naloxone comparison with the conventional method of intramuscular GnRH injection. This study was conducted in third station dairy cattle farming center in Moghan on 54 cows' affected follicular ovarian cysts approximately 100 to 150 days after parturition. Following physical examination and diagnosis of the cystic cows, the animals were divided into three groups. The first group was the control group (5ml GnRH IM), the second group was the treatment group 1 (Nx via epidural injection 2 times with 3 day intervals) and the third group was the treatment group 2 (Ca–Nx via epidural injection 2 times with 3 day intervals and 5 ml of intramuscular GnRH simultaneously with the second Ca-Nx injection). To check the results, the animals was examined two weeks after the last injection. The results indicated that there was a significant difference in luteinization rate between the first and second groups with more luteinization rate in the first group. There was no significant difference between the first and third group in luteinization rate. Also, there was a significant difference in luteinization rate between the second and third group, with more luteinization rate observed in the third group. There was no significant difference between the fertility rate of the treatment and control groups.
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مقدمه و هدف: میخک، با نام علمیEugenia caryophyllataدرختی از خانواده Myrtaceae می باشد که قسمت های متعددی از این گیاه به صورت سنتی در مراقبت های دندانی به عنوان ضد عفونی کننده و نیز ضد درد استفاده می گردد. این مطالعه جهت بررسی ترکیب شیمیایی و نیز فعالیت ضد التهابی و ضد د More
مقدمه و هدف: میخک، با نام علمیEugenia caryophyllataدرختی از خانواده Myrtaceae می باشد که قسمت های متعددی از این گیاه به صورت سنتی در مراقبت های دندانی به عنوان ضد عفونی کننده و نیز ضد درد استفاده می گردد. این مطالعه جهت بررسی ترکیب شیمیایی و نیز فعالیت ضد التهابی و ضد دردی اسانس تخلیص شده از جوانه میخک طرح ریزی گردید. روش تحقیق:اسانس جوانه میخک توسط روش تقطیر آبی در دستگاه کلونجر استحصال شده و سپس توسطGC-MSمواد موثره آن مورد آنالیز قرار گرفت. فعالیت ضد دردی اسانس میخک توسط مدل درد فرمالینی دهانی- صورتی و نیز مدل غوطه وری دم در آب گرم در موش صحرایی ارزیابی شد. فعالیت ضد التهابی اسانس نیز با استفاده از مدل التهاب گوش ناشی از استعمال گزیلن در موش سوری ارزیابی گردید. اسانس در مقادیر(200 و 100 ، 50 میلی گرم) و کتوپروفن (160 و 80 میلی گرم) فقط موجب مهار مرحله دوم درد اوروفاسیال شدند. نتایج و بحث: اسانس در مقادیر(200 و 100 ، 50 میلی گرم) و کتوپروفن (160 و 80 میلی گرم) فقط موجب مهار مرحله دوم درد اوروفاسیال شدند. مورفین (5 میلی گرم) بصورت معنادار(p <0.05) موجب کاهش پاسخ های درد در هر دو مرحله درد اوروفاسیال گردید. پیش تزریق نالوکسان نتوانست از اثر ضد دردی اسانس ممانعت به عمل آورد. تزریق هم زمان مقادیر زیر ضد درد اسانس (50 میلی گرم) و کتوپروفن (40 میلی گرم) بصورت معنادار(p <0.05)موجب کاهش رفتار درد فقط در مرحله دوم در مقایسه با گروه کنترل گردید. بعلاوه تجویز اسانس نتوانست موجب افزایش مدت زمان نهفته در تست درد حرارتی گردد. در ضمن اسانس میخک ( 200 و 100 میلی گرم) و کتوپروفن (80 میلی گرم) بصورت معنا دار (p<0.001)موجب کاهش التهاب گوش ناشی از استعمال موضعی گزیلن در موش سوری شدند. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: این یافته ها نشان دادند که اسانس میخک دارای فعالیت ضد التهابی قوی بوده و بدون اثر ضد دردی در مدل درد حرارتی، می تواند موجب ایجاد بی دردی غیر وابسته به سیستم اپیوئیدی در مرحله التهابی درد فرمالینی دهانی-صورتی گردد.
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Social isolation in the weeks after lactation can change the behavior of mature animals including yawning, a phylogenetic and contagious behavior. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of social isolation stress on yawning behaviors in adult ma More
Social isolation in the weeks after lactation can change the behavior of mature animals including yawning, a phylogenetic and contagious behavior. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of social isolation stress on yawning behaviors in adult male rats treated with morphine and naloxone. A sample of 32 rats (21-day after weaning) was selected and the rats were put in separate cages with black plastic buffers for 6 weeks. Eight rats were put in a group (control group) and the other rest were put in individual cages: one male rat in each cage; and we grouped them as follows: in group 1 or the control group (social), each cage had 8 rats receiving (saline) at a dose 1 mg/kg and their yawning behavior was recorded for 60 minutes after 6 weeks. Group 2 (social isolation) received no treatment with opioid agonist and antagonist kept in separate cages with one rat in each cage. Their yawning behavior was recorded for 60 minutes after 6 weeks. Group 3 (social isolation) received treatment with opioid agonists (morphine) at a dose 5 mg/kg for 6 weeks and their yawning behavior was recorded for a 60-minute period starting 30 minutes after injection. Group 4 (social isolation) received treatment with opioid antagonists morphine (naloxone)at a dose 1 mg/kg for 6 weeks and their yawning behavior was recorded for a 60-minute period starting 30 minutes after injection. The graph shows that the number of yawning in the group receiving morphine (n=8, p ≤0.05) was not significantly different from the control group in the social isolation condition (n=8, p ≤ 0.05). Moreover, there was an increase in the number of yawning in the groups receiving naloxone (n=8, p ≤0.001). In social isolation group, morphine injection did not change the number of yawning in male rats, while naloxone, a mu-opioid receptor antagonist, increased the number of yawning in social isolation conditions.
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