List of Articles Macroeconomic Environment

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  1 - Study of Effects of Fiscal Policies in IRAN with an Emphasis on Macro-economic Environment
  Elham gholami Kambiz Hozhabr Kiani
  This paper seeks to answer the question whether macroeconomic environment in the event of fiscal policies shocks will affect their efficiency. For this purpose, a two-stage approach and data during years 1357 to 1391 are used. First, fiscal policy shocks were recognized More

  This paper seeks to answer the question whether macroeconomic environment in the event of fiscal policies shocks will affect their efficiency. For this purpose, a two-stage approach and data during years 1357 to 1391 are used. First, fiscal policy shocks were recognized as the residuals from estimating of first-order autoregressive model for government spending and tax revenues. Next, the shocks were considered as explanatory variables in the specified function. In addition, narrative approach is used to demonstrate the effects of economic position on the efficiency of identified shocks have been used by traditional methods. Thus, the macroeconomic environment on the basis of the key macroeconomic variables including money growth, inflation and unemployment to economic good and bad conditions is separated and composed using a combined dummy variable in the model. The results show the efficiency of government spending and tax shocks is dependent to the macroeconomic environment. JELClassification: K34, H21, C33   Manuscript profile
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  2 - Comparative Analysis of Economic Efficiency between Low and High External Input Technology Agriculture in a Harsh Macroeconomic Environment of Imo State, Nigeria
  S.O. Anyanwu
  The study compared economic efficiency among smallholder farmers who practiced low external input technology [LEIT] and high external input technology [HEIT] agriculture in a harsh macroeconomic environment typified by inadequate fertilizer subsidy in Imo State, Nigeria More

  The study compared economic efficiency among smallholder farmers who practiced low external input technology [LEIT] and high external input technology [HEIT] agriculture in a harsh macroeconomic environment typified by inadequate fertilizer subsidy in Imo State, Nigeria. Cross sectional data generated from 160 smallholder farmers randomly selected from 2 out of the 3 agricultural zones in Imo State were used. Profit function was used in analyzing the data. Results showed that the LEIT farmers achieved higher level of economic efficiency relative to their HEIT counterparts, although the difference is statistically non significant. It is therefore recommended that in the face of escalating costs of fertilizer, organic manure could be used. Appropriate policies should be put in place by the government to encourage livestock rearing so as to effectively utilize their bye product-organic manure. Household refuse or bio-degradable from the cities could be channeled to farms to serve as organic manure. Manuscript profile