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        1 - The effect of lead and cadmium contamination on germination and grain characteristics of wheat cultivar Sivand
        Hasan Aghaei Pourangh kasraie Mohammad Nasri
        In order to investigate the effect of lead and cadmium contamination on germination and grain characteristics of wheat cultivar Sivand, In our laboratory, Agriculture College of Pishva, Varamin Branch factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three rep More
        In order to investigate the effect of lead and cadmium contamination on germination and grain characteristics of wheat cultivar Sivand, In our laboratory, Agriculture College of Pishva, Varamin Branch factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications. Factors to consider include: chloride lead are in three levels (zero, 60 and 120 micromoles per liter) and cadmium chloride are in four levels (zero, 30, 60 and 90 micromoles per liter). Chloride of lead and cadmium chloride on the attributes of the interaction between catalase and phosphatase at 5 percent and the fresh weight of root and shoot, dry weight of shoot, root length, the probability level was significant. A comparison of interaction effects of lead chloride and cadmium chloride showed that the fresh weight of root, 0.694g greatest amount of control and heating control and the lowest at 0.246g on treatment of 60 and 90 micromoles per liter of lead chloride micromoles per liter is cadmium chloride. Most of catalase enzyme with 4.97 international units per gram of fresh tissue from the treatment of 120 micromoles per liter of lead chloride and 90 micromoles per liter of cadmium chloride and the minimum amount to 2.6 international units per gram of fresh tissue due to lack of lead chloride, cadmium chloride is consumed and not consumed. The greatest amount of acid phosphatase with 3.46 international units per gram of fresh tissue for the treatment of 60 micromoles per liter of chloride, lead and cadmium chloride lack of consumption and minimum international units per gram of fresh tissue for the treatment 1.26 120 micromoles per l chloride, lead × 90 micromoles per liter chloride, cadmium is used. According to the results, the best performance was in treatments without usage of lead chloride, and cadmium chloride. In general it can be concluded that wheat is sensitive to heavy metals and the presence of heavy metals in plant growth and yield will be reduced. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - The effects of lead and cadmium contamination on seed germination of sorghum(Sorghum bicolor L.)
        Seed Aboalghasem Mousavi meysam oveysi Alireza Iranbakhsh
        To investigate the effect of lead and camium contamination on sorghum germination cul.Kimia, a factorial experiment designed as randomized complete blocks with three replications were conducted in the laboratory of Agricultural Faculty of Islamic Azad University, Varami More
        To investigate the effect of lead and camium contamination on sorghum germination cul.Kimia, a factorial experiment designed as randomized complete blocks with three replications were conducted in the laboratory of Agricultural Faculty of Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Pishva. Factors included lead chloride (0 (P0), 60 µmol. L (P1), 120µmol.L(P2)) and cadmium chloride (0 (C0), 30µmol. L (C1) , 60µmol.L (C2), 90 µmol.L(C3)). The results showed that lead chloride had significant effect on final germination percentage, root fresh weight; shoot fresh weight at 5%. And on dry weight of shoot, root length catalase 1%. Simple effect of cadmium chloride on root fresh weight, dry weight of shoot, and root length was significant at 5% and catalase, acid phosphatase, and &-amylase at 1%. The interactive effects of lead chloride and cadmium chloride were significant on shoot dry weight and root length at 1% but not significant on other attributes. Comparison of interaction effects lead chloride, cadmium chloride on the root length showed that the maximum value is 4mm related to treatment of non-use of cadmium chloride and non-use of lead chloride and lowest related to 1.8 mm with treatment of 120 µmoles per liter of lead chloride and 90 µmoles per liter of cadmium chloride. The comparison of average interaction effects of lead chloride and cadmium chloride on dry weight of shoot showed that the maximum value of 0.018g is related to treatment of non-use of lead chloride and 60 µmoles per liter of cadmium chloride and lowest related to 0.001g with treatment of 120 µmoles per liter of lead chloride and 90 µmoles per liter of cadmium chloride. The best performance was seen in traits related to treatment. Manuscript profile